NRF1-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis antagonizes innate antiviral immunity

ABSTRACT: Mitochondrial biogenesis is the process of generating new mitochondria to maintain cellular homeostasis. Here we report that viruses exploit mitochondrial biogenesis to antagonize innate antiviral immunity. We found that NRF1 (Nuclear Respiratory Factor-1), a vital transcriptional factor involved in nuclear-mitochondrial interactions, is essential for RNA (VSV) or DNA (HSV-1) virus-induced mitochondrial biogenesis. NRF1 deficiency resulted in enhanced innate immunity, a diminished viral load, and morbidity in mice. Mechanistically, the inhibition of NRF1-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis aggravated virus-induced mitochondrial damage, promoted the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), increased the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS), and activated the innate immune

SUBMITTER: Dr. Yushan Zhu 

PROVIDER: S-SCDT-10_15252-EMBJ_2022113258 | biostudies-other |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-other