Genetic features of CTX-M-15-producing Acinetobacter baumannii from Haiti.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Potron A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC3232807 | BioStudies | 2011-01-01
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): JN788266
REPOSITORIES: biostudies
Similar Datasets
Project description:Of 15 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates of the family Enterobacteriaceae collected from the First Municipal People's Hospital of Guangzhou, in the southern part of the People's Republic of China, 9 were found to produce CTX-M ESBLs, 3 produced SHV-12, and 3 produced both CTX-M and SHV-12. Eleven isolates produced either TEM-1B or SHV-11, in addition to an ESBL. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 12 isolates carrying bla(CTX-M) genes revealed that they harbored three different bla(CTX-M) genes, bla(CTX-M-9) (5 isolates), bla(CTX-M-13) (1 isolate), and bla(CTX-M-14) (6 isolates). These genes have 98% nucleotide homology with bla(Toho-2). The bla(CTX-M) genes were carried on plasmids that ranged in size from 35 to 150 kb. Plasmid fingerprints and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed the dissemination of the bla(CTX-M) genes through transfer of different antibiotic resistance plasmids to different bacteria, suggesting that these resistance determinants are highly mobile. Insertion sequence ISEcp1, found on the upstream region of these genes, may be involved in the translocation of the bla(CTX-M) genes. This is the first report of the occurrence of SHV-12 and CTX-M ESBLs in China. The presence of strains with these ESBLs shows both the evolution of bla(CTX-M) genes and their dissemination among at least three species of the family Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterobacter cloacae, isolated within a single hospital. The predominance of CTX-M type enzymes seen in this area of China appears to be similar to that seen in South America but is different from those seen in Europe and North America, suggesting different evolutionary routes and selective pressures. A more comprehensive survey of the ESBL types from China is urgently needed.
2002-01-01 | S-EPMC127467 | BioStudies
Project description:Among 222 Proteus mirabilis clinical isolates collected from 17 hospitals in Korea in 2008, 28 (12.6%) and 8 (3.6%) isolates exhibited extended-spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC phenotypes, respectively. The most common type of ESBL gene identified by PCR and sequencing experiments was bla(CTX-M-14a) (n = 12). The bla(CTX-M-90) (n = 4), bla(CTX-M-15) (n = 3), bla(CTX-M-12) (n = 3), bla(CTX-M-2) (n = 2), bla(CTX-M-14b) (n = 1), bla(TEM-52) (n = 5), and bla(SHV-12) (n = 1) genes were also detected. Eight isolates carried an AmpC ?-lactamase gene, such as bla(CMY-2) (n = 6) or bla(DHA-1) (n = 2). All bla genes encoding CTX-M-1- and CTX-M-9-type enzymes and all bla(CMY-2) genes were preceded by ISEcp1-like elements. The bla(CTX-M-2) gene found in two isolates was located on a complex class 1 integron. The bla(DHA-1) gene was preceded by a transcriptional regulator gene and was followed by phage shock protein genes. The bla(CTX-M) genes were located on the chromosome in 21 isolates. A plasmid location for the bla(CTX-M) gene was found in only four isolates: the bla(CTX-M-14a) gene was located on ?150-kbp IncA/C plasmids in three isolates and on a ?50-kbp IncN plasmid in one isolate. The bla(TEM-52) gene was located on ?50-kbp IncN plasmids in all five isolates. The AmpC ?-lactamase genes were located on the chromosome in seven of eight isolates; one isolate carried the bla(CMY-2) gene on a ?150-kbp IncA/C plasmid. Our results show that a chromosomal location of CTX-M ESBL and AmpC ?-lactamase genes in P. mirabilis is no longer an unusual phenomenon in hospital environments.
2011-01-01 | S-EPMC3067170 | BioStudies
Project description:Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae have rapidly spread worldwide and pose a serious threat for health care-associated (HA) infection. We conducted molecular detection and characterization of ESBL-related bla genes, including bla(TEM), bla(SHV), bla(CTX-M), bla(VEB), bla(OXA), bla(PER), and bla(GES), among 362 isolates of ESBL-producing E. coli (n = 235) and ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae (n = 127) collected from patients who met the definition of HA infection at two major university hospitals in Thailand from December 2004 to May 2005. The prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, patient demographics and the susceptibilities of these bacteria to various antimicrobial agents were described. A total of 87.3% of isolates carried several bla genes. The prevalence of bla(CTX-M) was strikingly high: 99.6% for ESBL-producing E. coli (CTX-M-14, -15, -27, -40, and -55) and 99.2% for ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae (CTX-M-3, -14, -15, -27, and -55). ISEcp1 was found in the upstream region of bla(CTX-M) in most isolates. Up to 77.0% and 71.7% of ESBL-producing E. coli and ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, respectively, carried bla(TEM); all of them encoded TEM-1. ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae carried bla(SHV) at 87.4% (SHV-1, -2a, -11, -12, -27, -71, and -75) but only at 3.8% for ESBL-producing E. coli (SHV-11 and -12). bla genes encoding VEB-1 and OXA-10 were found in both ESBL-producing E. coli (8.5% and 8.1%, respectively) and ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae (10.2% and 11.8%, respectively). None of the isolates were positive for bla(PER) and bla(GES). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis demonstrated that there was no major clonal relationship among these ESBL producers. This is the first study to report CTX-M-3, CTX-M-27, CTX-M-40, SHV-27, SHV-71, and SHV-75 in Thailand and to show that CTX-M ESBL is highly endemic in the country.
1000-01-01 | S-EPMC2493136 | BioStudies
Project description:The presence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and resistance genes in aquatic environments is a serious public health concern. This study focused on Escherichia coli possessing bla CTX-M genes in wastewater inflows. Twelve crude inflow water samples from wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) A and two samples each from three other WWTPs were collected in 2017 and 2018. A total of 73 E. coli isolates with 31 different sequence types (STs) harboring distinctive bla CTX-M gene repertoires were detected. In WWTP A influents, bla CTX-M-14 (14 isolates) was dominant, followed by bla CTX-M-15 (12 isolates) and bla CTX-M-27 (10 isolates). The chimeric bla CTX-M-64 and bla CTX-M-123 genes were each identified in one of the E. coli isolates from the same WWTP A inflow port. The bla CTX-M-27 gene was associated with five of seven B2-ST131 isolates, including three isolates of the B2-O25b-ST131-H30R/non-Rx lineage. One of the remaining two isolates belonged to the B2-O25b-ST131-H30R/Rx lineage harboring the bla CTX-M-15 gene. As for the B2-O25b-ST131-H30R/non-Rx lineage, two isolates with bla CTX-M-27 were recovered from each of the WWTP B and D influents, and one isolate with bla CTX-M-174 was also recovered from WWTP B influent. Whole-genome sequencing of chimeric bla CTX-M-harboring E. coli isolates revealed that the bla CTX-M-64 gene was integrated into the chromosome of ST10 E. coli B22 via ISEcp1-mediated transposition of a 9,467-bp sequence. The bla CTX-M-123-carrying IncI1 plasmid pB64 was 109,169?bp in length with pST108. The overall findings suggest that wastewater may act as a probable reservoir of clinically significant clonal lineages mediating antimicrobial resistance genes and chimeric genes that have not yet been identified from human isolates of domestic origin in Japan.IMPORTANCE Global spread of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae is a critical concern in both clinical and community settings. This dominance of CTX-M-type ESBL producers may be largely due to the successful international spread of epidemic clones, as represented by the extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) ST131. Our findings highlight the worrisome presence of diverse E. coli clones associated with humans, including ExPEC lineages harboring the most common bla CTX-M variants in untreated wastewater samples. Moreover, the chimeric genes bla CTX-M-64 and bla CTX-M-123, which have not yet been identified from human isolates of domestic origin in Japan, were identified. Exposure to untreated wastewater through combined sewer overflow caused by heavy rains derived from abnormal weather change could pose a risk for human health due to ingesting those antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.
2019-01-01 | S-EPMC6821968 | BioStudies
Project description:Dissemination of extended-spectrum-cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Salmonella, especially extended-spectrum-?-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Salmonella, is a concern worldwide. Here, we assessed Salmonella carriage by food workers in Japan to clarify the prevalence of ESC-resistant Salmonella harboring bla CTX-M We then characterized the genetic features, such as transposable elements, of bla CTX-M-harboring plasmids using whole-genome sequencing. A total of 145,220 stool samples were collected from food workers, including cooks and servers from several restaurants, as well as food factory workers, from January to October 2017. Isolated salmonellae were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing (disk diffusion method), and whole-genome sequencing was performed for Salmonella strains harboring bla CTX-M Overall, 164 Salmonella isolates (0.113%) were recovered from 164 samples, from which we estimated that at least 0.113% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.096 to 0.132%) of food workers may carry Salmonella Based on this estimation, 3,473 (95% CI = 2,962 to 4,047) individuals among the 3,075,330 Japanese food workers are likely to carry Salmonella Of the 158 culturable isolates, seven showed resistance to ESCs: three isolates harbored bla CMY-2 and produced AmpC ?-lactamase, while four ESBL-producing isolates harbored bla CTX-M-14 (n?=?1, Salmonella enterica serovar Senftenberg) or bla CTX-M-15 (n?=?3, S. enterica serovar Haardt). bla CTX-M-15 was chromosomally located in the S Haardt isolates, which also contained ISEcp1, while the S Senftenberg isolate contained an IncFIA(HI1)/IncHI1A/IncHI1B(R27) hybrid plasmid carrying bla CTX-M-14 along with ISEcp1 This study indicates that food workers may be a reservoir of ESBL-producing Salmonella and associated genes. Thus, these workers may contribute to the spread of bla CTX-M via plasmids or mobile genetic elements such as ISEcp1 IMPORTANCE Antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella bacteria arise in farm environments through imprudent use of antimicrobials. Subsequently, these antimicrobial-resistant strains, such as extended-spectrum-?-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Salmonella, may be transmitted to humans via food animal-derived products. Here, we examined Salmonella carriage among food handlers in Japan. Overall, 164 of 145,220 fecal samples (0.113%) were positive for Salmonella Among the 158 tested isolates, four were identified as ESBL-producing isolates carrying ESBL determinants bla CTX-M-15 or bla CTX-M-14 In all cases, the genes coexisted with ISEcp1, regardless of whether they were located on the chromosome or on a plasmid. Our findings suggest that food workers may be a reservoir of ESBL-producing strains and could contribute to the spread of resistance genes from farm-derived Salmonella to other bacterial species present in the human gut.
2020-01-01 | S-EPMC7301857 | BioStudies
Project description:Among 235 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL) isolates collected from a nationwide surveillance performed in Taiwan, 102 (43.4%) were resistant to amikacin. Ninety-two of these 102 (90.2%) isolates were carrying CTX-M-type beta-lactamases individually or concomitantly with SHV-type or CMY-2 beta-lactamases. The armA and rmtB alleles were individually detected in 44 and 37 of these 92 isolates, respectively. One isolate contained both armA and rmtB. The coexistence of the aac(6')-Il and rmtB genes was detected in three isolates. CTX-M-type beta-lactamase genes belonging to either group 1 (CTX-M-3 and CTX-M-15) or group 9 (CTX-M-14) were found in all armA- or rmtB-bearing ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates, and all were conjugatively transferable. All except one of the isolates bearing armA produced CTX-M enzymes of group 1, and the remaining isolate bearing armA produced a group 9 CTX-M-type beta-lactamase. On the contrary, in the majority of rmtB carriers, the CTX-M-type beta-lactamase belonged to group 9 (62.2%). Molecular typing revealed that the amikacin-resistant ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates were epidemiologically unrelated, indicating that the acquisition of resistance was not through the spread of a resistant clone or a resistance plasmid. A tandem repeat or multiple copies of bla(CTX-M-3) were found in some armA-bearing isolates. An ISEcp1 insert was found in all CTX-M ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates carrying armA or rmtB. In conclusion, the concomitant presence of a 16S rRNA methylase gene (armA or rmtB) and bla(CTX-M) among amikacin-resistant ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates is widespread in Taiwan.
2009-01-01 | S-EPMC2612171 | BioStudies
Project description:The rate of occurrence of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing phenotype among Escherichia coli isolates in Tel Aviv is 12% (22). The aim of this study was to understand the molecular epidemiology of E. coli ESBL producers and to identify the ESBL genes carried by them. We studied 20 single-patient ESBL-producing E. coli clinical isolates. They comprised 11 distinct nonrelated pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) genotypes: six isolates belonged to the same PFGE clone, four other clones included two isolates each, and six unrelated clones included only one isolate. All isolates produced various beta-lactamases with pIs ranging from 5.2 to 8.2, varying within similar PFGE clones. The most prevalent ESBL gene was bla(CTX-M); 16 isolates carried bla(CTX-M-2) and three carried a new ESBL gene designated bla(CTX-M-39). Three strains carried bla(SHV) (two bla(SHV-12) and one bla(SHV-5)), and two strains carried inhibitor-resistant ESBL genes, bla(TEM-33) and bla(TEM-30); 18 strains carried bla(TEM-1) and eight strains carried bla(OXA-2). Plasmid mapping and Southern blot analysis with a CTX-M-2 probe demonstrated that bla(CTX-M-2) is plasmid borne. The wide dissemination of ESBLs among E. coli isolates in our institution is partly related to clonal spread, but more notably to various plasmid-associated ESBL genes, occurring in multiple clones, wherein the CTX-M gene family appears almost uniformly. We report here a new CTX-M gene, designated bla(CTX-M-39), which revealed 99% homology with bla(CTX-M-26), with a substitution of arginine for glutamine at position 225.
2005-01-01 | S-EPMC1280129 | BioStudies
Project description:We compared the resistomes within polluted and unpolluted rivers, focusing on extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes, in particular bla(CTX-M). Twelve rivers from a Portuguese hydrographic basin were sampled. Physicochemical and microbiological parameters of water quality were determined, and the results showed that 9 rivers were classified as unpolluted (UP) and that 3 were classified as polluted (P). Of the 225 cefotaxime-resistant strains isolated, 39 were identified as ESBL-producing strains, with 18 carrying a bla(CTX-M) gene (15 from P and 3 from UP rivers). Analysis of CTX-M nucleotide sequences showed that 17 isolates produced CTX-M from group 1 (CTX-M-1, -3, -15, and -32) and 1 CTX-M that belonged to group 9 (CTX-M-14). A genetic environment study revealed the presence of different genetic elements previously described for clinical strains. ISEcp1 was found in the upstream regions of all isolates examined. Culture-independent bla(CTX-M)-like libraries were comprised of 16 CTX-M gene variants, with 14 types in the P library and 4 types in UP library, varying from 68% to 99% similarity between them. Besides the much lower level of diversity among CTX-M-like genes from UP sites, the majority were similar to chromosomal ESBLs such as bla(RAHN-1). The results demonstrate that the occurrence and diversity of bla(CTX-M) genes are clearly different between polluted and unpolluted lotic ecosystems; these findings favor the hypothesis that natural environments are reservoirs of resistant bacteria and resistance genes, where anthropogenic-driven selective pressures may be contributing to the persistence and dissemination of genes usually relevant in clinical environments.
2012-01-01 | S-EPMC3370516 | BioStudies
Project description:In order to investigate the epidemiology, molecular characteristics, and distribution of extended-spectrum ?-lactamase (ESBL)- and AmpC-producing Escherichia coli from community-onset infections in Chinese county hospitals.E. coli isolates were collected from patients with community-onset infections in 30 county hospitals. ESBL activity was confirmed by double-disc diffusion. Genetic confirmation and molecular typing of ESBL- and AmpC-producing isolates was determined by PCR and DNA sequencing. ESBL-positive isolates were further characterised by multi-locus sequence typing.Of 550 E. coli isolates, 256 (46.5%) carried ESBL genes and all were of the CTX-M type. The prevalence of ESBL-producing strains varied from 30.2% to 57.0% across different regions of China. Overall, 12 bla CTX-M subtypes were detected; the most abundant were bla CTX-M-14 (163/256 isolates, 64.5%), bla CTX-M-55 (47/256, 18.4%), and bla CTX-M-15 (31/256, 12.1%). CMY-2-like AmpC ?-lactamases were detected in 11 strains, three of which co-existed with bla CTX-M. A total of 64 sequence types (STs) were detected in 256 ESBL-producing strains, including nine that were new. ST131 was the most abundant type (27 isolates, 12.7%), followed by ST69 (14 isolates, 6.6%), ST405 (14 isolates, 6.6%), and ST38 (12 isolates, 5.6%).This study revealed that the widespread prevalence of ESBLs among outpatient infections has reached a high level in county hospitals. The CTX-M genotype was most dominant, comprising a variety of subtypes. This is the first time the incidence of CTX-M-55 has exceeded that of CTX-M-15 in China. No predominant ST was detected, suggesting that ESBL-producing E. coli strains originate in different clones.
1000-01-01 | S-EPMC4265337 | BioStudies
Project description:In this study, we investigated the pattern of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis isolates in Shanghai, China from 2005 to 2014. We found the first isolates with resistance to the fourth-generation cephalosporin cefepime starting in 2010. Furthermore, we analyzed the epidemic characteristics and mechanisms of underlying cefepime resistance in S. Enteritidis isolates found from 2010. In total, 38 of 2,914 (1.30%) isolates were identified as cefepime-resistant S. Enteritidis (CRSE) isolates by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion. Two isolates were from animal derived food sources; 36 isolates were from fecal samples of human patients with salmonellosis. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the agar dilution method revealed that all CRSE isolates showed additional resistances at least to ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and ampicillin. Additionally, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles indicated that 89.47% of CRSE isolates also displayed similar PFGE patterns. Five types of ?-lactamase genes, bla CTX-M (100.00%, 38/38), bla SHV (65.79%, 25/38), bla TEM (52.63%, 20/38), bla ACC (18.42%, 7/38), and bla PSE (5.26%, 2/38) were detected by PCR and sequencing. Among bla CTX-M genes, bla CTX-M-55 was the dominant type (84.21%, 32/38). Conjugation and transformation experiments along with plasmid replicon typing revealed that bla CTX-M-55 was located on plasmids of various replicon types with sizes ranging from 76.8 to 138.9 kb. Plasmid sequence analysis also showed that the bla CTX-M-55 gene was mobilized mainly by the ISEcp1-bla CTX-M-55-ORF477 transposition unit and had its own ISEcp1-based promoter, which accelerated the expression and transmission of bla CTX-M-55. Analysis of whole genome sequences (Illumina) of one selected transformant SH12G706-C showed high similarity of the bla CTX-M-55 carrying plasmid with the IncI1 plasmid backbone p628-CTX-M of Klebsiella pneumoniae detected in 2010 in China. The present study demonstrated that the bla CTX-M-55 gene mobilized by ISEcp1- bla CTX-M-55-ORF477 was the main feature shared by CRSE isolates and seems to play an important role for transmission of cefepime resistance. The number of CRSE isolates is rising annually, and the strong dissemination ability of ISEcp1-bla CTX-M-55-ORF477-harboring plasmids among different species represents an important threat to the therapeutic effectiveness of cefepime.
2020-01-01 | S-EPMC7242564 | BioStudies