Streptomyces heilongjiangensis sp. nov., a novel actinomycete that produces borrelidin isolated from the root surface of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr].
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PROVIDER: S-EPMC3709533 | BioStudies |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies
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Project description:The rhizosphere, an important battleground between beneficial microbes and pathogens, is usually considered to be a good source for isolation of antagonistic microorganisms. In this study, a novel actinobacteria with broad-spectrum antifungal activity, designated strain NEAU-H2T, was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies showed that strain NEAU-H2T belonged to the genus Streptomyces, with high sequence similarities to Streptomyces rhizosphaerihabitans NBRC 109807T (98.8%), Streptomyces populi A249T (98.6%), and Streptomyces siamensis NBRC 108799T (98.6%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA, atpD, gyrB, recA, rpoB, and trpB gene sequences showed that the strain formed a stable clade with S. populi A249T. Morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the strain coincided with members of the genus Streptomyces. A combination of DNA-DNA hybridization results and phenotypic properties indicated that the strain could be distinguished from the abovementioned strains. Thus, strain NEAU-H2T belongs to a novel species in the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces triticiradicis sp. nov. is proposed. In addition, the metabolites isolated from cultures of strain NEAU-H2T were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) analyses. One new compound and three known congeners were isolated. Further, genome analysis revealed that the strain harbored diverse biosynthetic potential, and one cluster showing 63% similarity to natamycin biosynthetic gene cluster may contribute to the antifungal activity. The type strain is NEAU-H2T (= CCTCC AA 2018031T = DSM 109825T).
| S-EPMC7023189 | BioStudies
Project description:<i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> is a major phytopathogenic bacterium that attacks many crops and other plants around the world. In this study, a novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-SSA 1<sup>T</sup>, which exhibited antibacterial activity against <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>, was isolated from soil collected from Mount Song and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the strain coincided with those of the genus <i>Streptomyces</i>. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the isolate was most closely related to <i>Streptomyces aureoverticillatus</i> JCM 4347<sup>T</sup> (97.9%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain formed a cluster with <i>Streptomyces vastus</i> JCM4524<sup>T</sup> (97.4%), <i>S. cinereus</i> DSM43033<sup>T</sup> (97.2%), <i>S. xiangluensis</i> NEAU-LA29<sup>T</sup> (97.1%) and <i>S. flaveus</i> JCM3035<sup>T</sup> (97.1%). The cell wall contained <i>LL</i>-diaminopimelic acid and the whole-cell hydrolysates were ribose, mannose and galactose. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), hydroxy-phosphatidylethanolamine (OH-PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), two phosphatidylinositol mannosides (PIMs) and an unidentified phospholipid (PL). The menaquinones were MK-9(H<sub>4</sub>), MK-9(H<sub>6</sub>), and MK-9(H<sub>8</sub>). The major fatty acids were <i>iso</i>-C<sub>17:0</sub>, C<sub>16:0</sub> and C<sub>17:1</sub> ω9c. The DNA G+C content was 69.9 mol %. However, multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) based on five other house-keeping genes (<i>atp</i>D, <i>gyr</i>B, <i>rec</i>A, <i>rpo</i>B, and <i>trp</i>B), DNA-DNA relatedness, and physiological and biochemical data showed that the strain could be distinguished from its closest relatives. Therefore, it is proposed that strain NEAU-SSA 1<sup>T</sup> should be classified as representatives of a novel species of the genus <i>Streptomyces</i>, for which the name <i>Streptomyces sporangiiformans</i> sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-SSA 1<sup>T</sup> (=CCTCC AA 2017028<sup>T</sup> = DSM 105692<sup>T</sup>).
| S-EPMC6780108 | BioStudies
Project description:Ralstonia solanacearum is an important soil-borne bacterial plant pathogen. In this study, an actinomycete strain named NEAU-HV9 that showed strong antibacterial activity against Ralstonia solanacearum was isolated from soil using an in vitro screening technique. Based on physiological and morphological characteristics and 98.90% of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Streptomyces panaciradicis 1MR-8T, the strain was identified as a member of the genus Streptomyces. Tomato seedling and pot culture experiments showed that after pre-inoculation with the strain NEAU-HV9, the disease occurrence of tomato seedlings was effectively prevented for R. solanacearum. Then, a bioactivity-guided approach was employed to isolate and determine the chemical identity of bioactive constituents with antibacterial activity from strain NEAU-HV9. The structure of the antibacterial metabolite was determined as actinomycin D on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first report that actinomycin D has strong antibacterial activity against R. solanacearum with a MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of 0.6 mg L-1 (0.48 μmol L-1). The in vivo antibacterial activity experiment showed that actinomycin D possessed significant preventive efficacy against R. solanacearum in tomato seedlings. Thus, strain NEAU-HV9 could be used as BCA (biological control agent) against R. solanacearum, and actinomycin D might be a promising candidate for a new antibacterial agent against R. solanacearum.
| S-EPMC7142955 | BioStudies
Project description:Cancer is a serious threat to human health. With the increasing resistance to known drugs, it is still urgent to find new drugs or pro-drugs with anti-tumor effects. Natural products produced by microorganisms have played an important role in the history of drug discovery, particularly in the anticancer and anti-infective areas. The plant rhizosphere ecosystem is a rich resource for the discovery of actinomycetes with potential applications in pharmaceutical science, especially Streptomyces. We screened Streptomyces-like strains from the rhizosphere soil of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Hebei province, China, and thirty-nine strains were obtained. Among them, the extracts of 14 isolates inhibited the growth of colon tumor cell line HCT-116. Strain NEAU-wh-3-1 exhibited better inhibitory activity, and its active ingredients were further studied. Then, 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies showed that strain NEAU-wh3-1 with high sequence similarities to Embleya scabrispora DSM 41855T (99.65%), Embleya hyalina MB891-A1T (99.45%), and Streptomyces lasii 5H-CA11T (98.62%). Moreover, multilocus sequence analysis based on the five other house-keeping genes (atpD, gyrB, rpoB, recA, and trpB) and polyphasic taxonomic approach comprising chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic, morphological, and physiological characterization indicated that the isolate should be assigned to the genus Embleya and was different from its closely related strains, therefore, it is proposed that strain NEAU-wh3-1 may be classified as representatives of a novel species of the genus Embleya. Furthermore, active substances in the fermentation broth of strain NEAU-wh-3-1 were isolated by bioassay-guided analysis and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) analyses. Consequently, one new Zincophorin analogue together with seven known compounds was detected. The new compound showed highest antitumor activity against three human cell lines with the 50% inhibition (IC50) values of 8.8-11.6 μg/mL and good antibacterial activity against four pathogenic bacteria, the other known compounds also exhibit certain biological activity.
| S-EPMC7143961 | BioStudies
Project description:A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-Z6(T), was isolated from eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) root. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain NEAU-Z6(T) belonged to the genus Nonomuraea, with highest sequence similarity to Nonomuraea monospora PT 708(T) (98.83 %), Nonomuraea rosea GW 12687(T) (98.55 %) and Nonomuraea rhizophila YIM 67092(T) (98.02 %). Sequence similarities between strain NEAU-Z6(T) and other species of the genus Nonomuraea ranged from 97.94 % (Nonomuraea candida HMC10(T)) to 96.30 % (Nonomuraea wenchangensis 210417(T)). Key morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of strain NEAU-Z6(T) were congruent with the description of the genus Nonomuraea. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 64.51 mol%. DNA-DNA relatedness and comparative analysis of physiological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic data allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain NEAU-Z6(T) from closely related species. Thus, strain NEAU-Z6(T) represents a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea, for which the name Nonomuraea solani sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-Z6(T) ( = CGMCC 4.7037(T) = DSM 45729(T)).
| S-EPMC3749519 | BioStudies
Project description:A bacterial strain, named For3<sup>T</sup>, was isolated from forest soil sampled in Champenoux, France. Based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence, the strain was affiliated to the family <i>Streptomycetaceae</i> and, more specifically, to the genus <i>Streptomyces</i>. The strain had 99.93% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to its closest relative strains <i>Streptomyces pratensis</i> ATCC 33331<sup>T</sup>, <i>Streptomyces anulatus</i> ATCC 27416<sup>T</sup>, <i>Streptomyces setonii</i> NRRL ISP-5322<sup>T</sup> and <i>Kitasatospora papulosa</i> NRRL B-16504<sup>T</sup>. The phylogenomic tree using the genome blast distance phylogeny method showed that the closest relative strain was <i>Streptomyces atroolivaceus</i> NRRL ISP-5137<sup>T</sup> and that For3<sup>T</sup> represents a new branch among the <i>Streptomyces</i>. Genome relatedness indexes revealed that the average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between For3<sup>T</sup> and its closest phylogenomic relative (<i>S. atroolivaceus</i> NRRL ISP-5137<sup>T</sup>) were 88.39 and 39.2 %, respectively. The G+C content of the genome was 71.4 mol% and its size was 7.96 Mb with 7492 protein-coding genes. Strain For3<sup>T</sup> harboured complete metabolic pathways absent in the closest relative strains such as cellulose biosynthesis, glycogen degradation I, glucosylglycerate biosynthesis I. Anteiso-C<sub>15:0</sub>, iso-C<sub>15:0</sub>, anteiso-C<sub>17:0</sub> and MK-9(H4)/MK-9(H6) were the predominant cellular fatty acids and respiratory quinones, respectively. Phenotypic and genomic data supported the assignment of strain For3<sup>T</sup> to a novel species <i>Streptomyces silvae</i> sp. nov., within the genus <i>Streptomyces</i>, for which the type strain is For3<sup>T</sup> (=CIP 111908<sup>T</sup>=LMG 32186<sup>T</sup>).
| S-EPMC8744254 | BioStudies
Project description:Streptomyces venezuelae ATCC 10595 harbors seven rRNA gene clusters which can be distinguished by BglII digestion. The three rRNA genes present in each set are closely linked with the general structure 16S-23S-5S. We cloned rrnA and sequenced the 16S-23S spacer region and the region downstream of the 5S rRNA gene. No tRNA gene was found in these regions.
1996-01-01 | S-EPMC177827 | BioStudies
Project description:The polyketide natural product borrelidin 1 is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis and spontaneous metastasis. Affinity biopanning of a phage display library of colon tumor cell cDNAs identified the tandem WW domains of spliceosome-associated protein formin binding protein 21 (FBP21) as a novel molecular target of borrelidin, suggesting that borrelidin may act as a modulator of alternative splicing. In support of this idea, 1, and its more selective analog 2, bound to purified recombinant WW domains of FBP21. They also altered the ratio of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) isoforms in retinal pigmented endothelial (RPE) cells in favour of anti-angiogenic isoforms. Transfection of RPE cells with FBP21 altered the ratio in favour of pro-angiogenic VEGF isoforms, an effect inhibited by 2. These data implicate FBP21 in the regulation of alternative splicing and suggest the potential of borrelidin analogs as tools to deconvolute key steps of spliceosome function.
| S-EPMC3399765 | BioStudies
Project description:A novel Gram staining positive, aerobic bacterium NEAU-HV1<sup>T</sup> that exhibits antifungal activity against <i>Exserohilum turcicum</i> was isolated from a soil collected from Gama, Hadjer lamis, Chad. It was grown at 10-45 °C (optimum 30 °C), pH 5-10 (optimum pH 8), and 0-4% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 1%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain NEAU-HV1<sup>T</sup> was closely related to <i>Sinomonas susongensis</i> A31<sup>T</sup> (99.24% sequence similarity), <i>Sinomonas humi</i> MUSC 117<sup>T</sup> (98.76%), and <i>Sinomonas albida</i> LC13<sup>T</sup> (98.68%). The average nucleotide identity values between NEAU-HV1<sup>T</sup> and its most closely related species were 79.34-85.49%. The digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between NEAU-HV1<sup>T</sup> and <i>S. susongensis</i> A31<sup>T</sup>, <i>S. albida</i> LC13<sup>T</sup>, and <i>S. humi</i> MUSC 117<sup>T</sup> were 23.20, 23.50, and 22.80%, respectively, again indicating that they belonged to different taxa. The genomic DNA G+C content was 67.64 mol%. The whole cell sugars contained galactose, mannose, and rhamnose. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and four glycolipids. The respiratory quinone system comprised MK-9(H<sub>2</sub>), MK-10(H<sub>2</sub>), and MK-8(H<sub>2</sub>). The major cellular fatty acids (>5%) were <i>anteiso</i>-C<sub>15:0</sub>, <i>anteiso</i>-C<sub>17:0</sub>, C<sub>16:0</sub>, and <i>iso</i>-C<sub>15:0</sub>. Based on the polyphasic analysis, it is suggested that the strain NEAU-HV1<sup>T</sup> represents a novel species of the genus <i>Sinomonas</i>, for which the name <i>Sinomonas gamaensis</i> sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-HV1<sup>T</sup> (= DSM 104514<sup>T</sup> = CCTCC M 2017246<sup>T</sup>).
| S-EPMC6617354 | BioStudies
Project description:<h4>Background</h4>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the aggregation of two pathological proteins, amyloid-? (A?) and tau, leading to neuronal and cognitive dysfunction. Clearance of either A? or tau aggregates by immunotherapy has become a potential therapy, as these aggregates are found in the brain ahead of the symptom onset. Given that A? and tau independently and cooperatively play critical roles in AD development, AD treatments might require therapeutic approaches to eliminate both aggregates together.<h4>Objective</h4>We aimed to discover a chemical drug candidate from natural sources for direct dissociation of both insoluble A? and tau aggregates through <i>in vitro</i> assessments.<h4>Methods</h4>We isolated four borrelidin chemicals from a saltern-derived halophilic actinomycete strain of rare genus <i>Nocardiopsis</i> and simulated their docking interactions with A? fibrils. Then, anti-cytotoxic, anti-A?, and anti-tau effects of borrelidins were examined by MTT assays with HT22 hippocampal cell line, thioflavin T assays, and gel electrophoresis.<h4>Results</h4>When HT22 cells were exposed to A? aggregates, the treatment of borrelidins alleviates the A?-induced toxicity. These anti-cytotoxic effects can be derived from the inhibitory functions of borrelidins against the A? aggregation as shown in thioflavin T and gel electrophoretic analyses. Among them, especially borrelidin, which exhibits the highest probability of docking, not only dissociates A? aggregates but also directly regulates tau aggregation.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Borrelidin dissociates insoluble A? and tau aggregates together and our findings support the view that it is possible to develop an alternative chemical approach mimicking anti-A? or anti-tau immunotherapy for clearance of both aggregates.
| S-EPMC7903018 | BioStudies