Dataset Information

STAMPEED: Myocardial Infarction Genetics Consortium (MIGen)

ABSTRACT:

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common complex disease and the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. The genetic basis of this disease is largely unknown. It has been thought that early-onset MI events would have a substantially greater heritability, thus making DNA collections with younger individuals desirable. More recently, genome-wide association studies have become feasible through the development of whole genome arrays and a large catalogue of common variants reported in the International HapMap database. This study aims to use Affymetrix genotyping platform to do a whole genome scan in 3000 early-onset MI cases and 3000 matched controls from 6 study collection sites.

PROVIDER: phs000294 | dbGaP |

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA75667PRJNA75665

REPOSITORIES: dbGaP

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Project description:Rational: We previously reported evidence of endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and fibrosis in mitral valve (MV) leaflets at two to six months post-myocardial infarction (MI) in sheep. The onset of these changes and the mechanism of their instigation are not known. Early modulation of EndMT and fibrosis in MV leaflets may limit the development of ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) and heart failure. H Objective: To test the hypothesis that circulating molecules present in plasma within days after MI incite EndMT and fibrotic processes in MV leaflets. Method and Results: Ovine MVs harvested 8-10 days after inferior MI (IMI) showed an increase in MV thickness by histology and onset of EndMT, shown by increased CD31/α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)+ cells in post-MI MV leaflets (10.5±6.9%) versus sham (2.6±4%). In vitro, post-MI plasma induced EndMT and pro-fibrotic markers and enhanced migration of primary mitral valve endothelial cells (VECs). In contrast, sham plasma did not, despite the presence of TGFβ2 at levels known to induce EndMT in VECs (2 ng/ml). Analysis of sham versus post-MI plasma using a cytokine array revealed a significant drop in the Wnt signaling antagonist secreted frizzled-related protein 3 (sFRP3) in post-MI plasma compared to sham plasma, which was confirmed by ELISA. Addition of recombinant sFRP3 to post-MI plasma reversed its EndMT-inducing effect on mitral VECs, measured by restored VE-cadherin, reduced α-SMA, and reduced TGFβ1-3 expression. Extracellular signal related kinase 1/2 and SMAD2/3 phosphorylation were increased in mitral VEC by post-MI plasma, and both were blocked by supplementing the post-MI plasma with sFRP3. RNA-seq analysis of mitral VECs exposed to post-MI versus sham plasma for 24 hours showed upregulated forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), a transcription factor previously shown to drive fibrosis. FOXM1 was co-localized with CD31 in MV leaflets obtained from sheep at 8-10 days post-MI, which suggests FOXM1 may be linked to EndMT initiation. Blocking FOXM1 with Siomycin A (Sio A) reduced EndMT and pro-fibrotic transcripts in post-MI plasma treated mitral VECs. Finally, post-MI plasma-induced and TGFβ-induced FOXM1 was downregulated by sFRP3. Conclusions: Reduced sFRP3 in post-MI plasma appears to facilitate the onset of TGFβ-driven EndMT and fibrosis in mitral VECs by increasing the transcription factor FOXM1. Restoring sFRP3 levels and/or inhibiting FOXM1 may provide new strategies to minimize maladaptive changes that occur in the MV due to MI.

Dataset Information

STAMPEED: Myocardial Infarction Genetics Consortium (MIGen)

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