NHGRI-Mayo Clinic Whole Genome Sequencing of Aggressive Prostate Tumors
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ABSTRACT: We collected DNA from fresh frozen prostate tumor samples and matched peripheral blood from 10 subjects with aggressive, Gleason score ≥8 disease. Tumor and normal samples were sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq 2000 to mean depths of 95.3X and 48.3X, respectively.
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA317702PRJNA317703
REPOSITORIES: dbGaP
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Project description:A major challenge in the clinical management of prostate cancer is the inability to definitively diagnose indolent versus aggressive cases. Contributing to this challenge is a lack of basic science understanding of the molecular basis behind aggressiveness subtypes in prostate cancer. DNA methylation is the epigenetic addition of a methyl group to the DNA base cytosine and has been found to regulate cell proliferation and environmental adaptation. We hypothesized that DNA methylation changes are a mechanism by which an aggressive cancer attains phenotypes that distinguish it from indolent cases via disruption of regulatory networks. This hypothesis was tested by comparing DNA methylation between benign prostate and both low grade (Gleason score 6) and high grade (Gleason score 8 to 10) groups. Methylome-wide next generation sequencing was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples from radical prostatectomy cases using MBD-isolated genome sequencing (MiGS). This technique uses a DNA methylation binding protein (MBD) to purify fragments from a genomic library with a high level of CpG DNA methylation. These fragments were then sequenced via next generation sequencing, the reads were aligned to a reference genome, and then the reads were counted within non-overlapping 50bp windows genome wide. Statistical analysis was then performed on these windowed counts to produce differentially methylated regions (DMRs). MBD-isolated Genome Sequencing (MiGS) for groups of benign prostate (from cystoprostatectomy), low grade prostate cancer (from radical prostatectomy with Gleason Score 6), and high grade prostate cancer (from radical prostatectomy with Gleason Scores 8 to 10) in both European Americans and African Americans
2015-11-01 | E-GEOD-66505 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:A major challenge in the clinical management of prostate cancer is the inability to definitively diagnose indolent versus aggressive cases. Contributing to this challenge is a lack of basic science understanding of the molecular basis behind aggressiveness subtypes in prostate cancer. DNA methylation is the epigenetic addition of a methyl group to the DNA base cytosine and has been found to regulate cell proliferation and environmental adaptation. We hypothesized that DNA methylation changes are a mechanism by which an aggressive cancer attains phenotypes that distinguish it from indolent cases via disruption of regulatory networks. This hypothesis was tested by comparing DNA methylation between benign prostate and both low grade (Gleason score 6) and high grade (Gleason score 8 to 10) groups. Methylome-wide next generation sequencing was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples from radical prostatectomy cases using MBD-isolated genome sequencing (MiGS). This technique uses a DNA methylation binding protein (MBD) to purify fragments from a genomic library with a high level of CpG DNA methylation. These fragments were then sequenced via next generation sequencing, the reads were aligned to a reference genome, and then the reads were counted within non-overlapping 50bp windows genome wide. Statistical analysis was then performed on these windowed counts to produce differentially methylated regions (DMRs).
2015-11-01 | GSE66505 | GEO
Project description:We aimed to investigate the transcriptional program associated with pimonidazole staining in prostate cancer. A pimonidazole gene signature was identified that showed positive correlation to Ki67 labeling index, indicating increased proliferation in pimonidazole positive tumors. A positive correlation to clinical tumor stage and presence of lymph node metastasis was also found, consistent with associations between pimonidazole staining and clinico-pathological parameters. Moreover, the gene signature was associated with high Gleason score in a validation cohort of 59 patients and showed prognostic impact independent of Gleason score and other clinical markers in a watchful waiting validation cohort of 281 patients. Our work reveals the molecular basis of an aggressive prostate cancer phenotype reflected by pimonidazole staining, and suggests that genes involved in proliferation, DNA repair and hypoxia response contribute to this phenotype.
2015-01-05 | GSE55935 | GEO
Project description:To study feasibility of gene expression profiling from FFPE tissues using NuGen amplified mRNA hybridized on Affymetrix GeneChip Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays, we designed a pilot study utilizing samples from prostate cancer cohort. We selected samples from large-scale epidemiologic studies and clinical trials representative of a wide variety of fixation times, block ages and block storage conditions. We profiled seven paired tumor and adjacent normal prostate tissue samples from three patients with Gleason score 8, one with Gleason score 7 and three with Gleason 6 disease. 11 samples had two or three technical replicates.
2014-07-01 | E-GEOD-54808 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Gleason grading is an important prognostic indicator for prostate adenocarcinoma and is crucial for patient treatment decisions. However, intermediate-risk patients diagnosed in Gleason Grade Groups (GG) 2 and GG3 can harbour either aggressive or non-aggressive disease, resulting in under- or over-treatment of a significant number of patients. Here, we performed proteomic, differential expression, machine learning, and survival analyses for 1,348 matched tumour and benign samples from 278 patients. Three proteins (F5, TMEM126B and EARS2) were identified as candidate biomarkers in patients with biochemical recurrence. Multivariate Cox regression yielded 18 proteins, from which a risk score was constructed to dichotomise prostate cancer patients into low- and high-risk groups. This 18-protein signature is prognostic for the risk of biochemical recurrence and completely independent of the intermediate GG. Our results suggest that markers generated by computational proteomic profiling have the potential for clinical applications including integration into prostate cancer management.
2023-11-30 | PXD041005 | Pride
Project description:MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate mRNA function. Recent studies have shown that microRNA expression is altered in tumors. We studied the expression of both microRNAs and mRNAs in 60 primary prostate tumors and 16 non-tumor prostate tissues to evaluate the involvement of microRNAs in prostate cancer. Global microRNA expression was determined in RNA isolated from fresh-frozen human tissues with a custom oligonucleotide microarray chip. Expression analysis of mRNAs using Affymetrix gene chips revealed that Dicer, a key component of microRNA processing, and two microRNA host genes, MCM7 and C9orf5, were significantly up-regulated in prostate tumors. Consistent with the findings, tumors expressed at higher levels the miR-25 cluster (miR-25/miR-93/miR-106b), which maps to intron 13 of MCM7, and miR-32, which maps to intron 14 of C9orf5, than non-tumor prostate tissues. Other microRNAs that were overexpressed included miR-26a, miR-31, miR-182, miR-196a, and miR-200c, among others, and homologues of the miR-25 cluster, such as miR-92 and miR-106a. Among the down-regulated microRNAs in tumors were the miR-1/miR-133a cluster, miR-490, miR-494 and miR-520h. Differences in microRNA expression were also observed between high and low Gleason score and between tumors that either showed or did not show extraprostatic extension. A 37-probeset signature, representing 23 different mature microRNAs, correctly classified all non-tumor tissues and 80% of the tumors. In summary, our data indicate that alterations in microRNA expression occur in the development and progression of human prostate cancer. Such changes may prove useful in the development of novel diagnostic and prognostic markers. Keywords: Marcodissected tissues Sixty fresh-frozen prostate tumors were obtained from the NCI Cooperative Prostate Cancer Tissue Resource (CPCTR) and the Department of Pathology at the University of Maryland (UMD). All tumors were resected adenocarcinomas that had not received any therapy prior to prostatectomy. The macro-dissected CPCTR tumor specimens were reviewed by a CPCTR-associated pathologist, who confirmed the presence of tumor in the frozen specimens. Surrounding non-tumor prostate tissue was collected from 16 patients with prostate cancer. All tissues were collected between 2002 and 2004. Information on race/ethnicity was either extracted from medical records (CPCTR) or obtained through an epidemiological questionnaire (UMD). Clinicopathological characteristics of the patients, including age at prostatectomy, histology, Gleason score, pathological stage, PSA at diagnosis, tumor size, extraprostatic extension, margin involvement, and seminal vesicle invasion were obtained from CPCTR. For UMD cases, this information was extracted from the medical and pathology records, if available. The study was approved by the institutional review boards of the participating institutions. Total RNA was isolated using the TRIZOL reagent according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). RNA integrity for each sample was confirmed with the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies, Palo Alto, CA). Each RNA was then split into two pools that were either processed for the microRNA microarray or the mRNA microarray.
2008-08-05 | E-GEOD-8126 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Although many genes have been proposed to be involved in prostate carcinogenesis, no single gene or gene profile has shown to have prognostic value. The main challenge for clinical management is to distinguish slowly growing tumors from those that will relapse. In this study, we compared expression profiles of 18 prostate samples (7 with Gleason 6, 8 with Gleason 7 and 3 with Gleason score equal or higher than 8) and 5 non-neoplastic prostate samples, using the GeneChip® Human Exon Array 1.0 ST of Affymetrix. Microarray analysis revealed 99 genes showing statistically significant differences among tumors with Gleason score 6, 7 and 8. In addition, mRNA expression of 29 selected genes was analyzed by qRT-PCR with microfluidic cards in an extended series of 30 prostate tumors. From these, 29 were selected to be validated and the differential expression of 18 of them (62%) was independently confirmed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (14 upregulated and 4 downregulated in higher Gleason scores) in the extended series. This list was further narrowed down to 12 genes that were differentially expressed in tumors with Gleason score of 6-7 vs 8. Finally, the protein levels of two genes from the 12-gene signature (SEC14L1 and TCEB1) were additionally validated by immunohistochemistry. Strong protein levels of both genes were correlated with Gleason score, stage, and PSA progression. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression underlying cellularisation and identified distinct classes of up-regulated genes during this process.
2012-10-25 | GSE30521 | GEO
Project description:Although many genes have been proposed to be involved in prostate carcinogenesis, no single gene or gene profile has shown to have prognostic value. The main challenge for clinical management is to distinguish slowly growing tumors from those that will relapse. In this study, we compared expression profiles of 18 prostate samples (7 with Gleason 6, 8 with Gleason 7 and 3 with Gleason score equal or higher than 8) and 5 non-neoplastic prostate samples, using the GeneChip® Human Exon Array 1.0 ST of Affymetrix. Microarray analysis revealed 99 genes showing statistically significant differences among tumors with Gleason score 6, 7 and 8. In addition, mRNA expression of 29 selected genes was analyzed by qRT-PCR with microfluidic cards in an extended series of 30 prostate tumors. From these, 29 were selected to be validated and the differential expression of 18 of them (62%) was independently confirmed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (14 upregulated and 4 downregulated in higher Gleason scores) in the extended series. This list was further narrowed down to 12 genes that were differentially expressed in tumors with Gleason score of 6-7 vs 8. Finally, the protein levels of two genes from the 12-gene signature (SEC14L1 and TCEB1) were additionally validated by immunohistochemistry. Strong protein levels of both genes were correlated with Gleason score, stage, and PSA progression. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression underlying cellularisation and identified distinct classes of up-regulated genes during this process. 23 Samples were analyzed.
2012-10-25 | E-GEOD-30521 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Uterine leiomyosarcoma is a most aggressive gynecological malignancy, and uterine leiomyoma is a benign tumor. Here, we performed bulk RNA-seq using archival fresh-frozen tumor samples stored at the National Cancer Center Biobank.
2022-06-30 | GSE185543 | GEO