Dataset Information

A Study of BDTX-4933 in Patients With BRAF and Select RAS/MAPK Mutation-Positive Cancers

ABSTRACT: BDTX-4933-101 is a first-in-human, open-label, Phase 1 dose escalation and multiple expansion cohort study designed to evaluate the safety and antitumor activity of BDTX-4933. The study population comprises adults with recurrent advanced/metastatic cancers harboring BRAF (Class I, II, and III), KRAS (other than G12C such as G12D, G12V), or NRAS mutations including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), melanoma, histiocytic neoplasms, thyroid cancer, colorectal cancer, and other solid tumor cancers with or without brain metastases. All patients will self-administer BDTX-4933 orally in 28-day cycles until disease progression, toxicity, withdrawal of consent, or termination of the study.

DISEASE(S): Thyroid Neoplasms,Carcinoma,Metastatic Melanoma,Colorectal Cancer,Kras Mutation-related Tumors,Braf,Metastatic Lung Cancer,Lung Neoplasms,Neoplasms,Brain Neoplasms,Colorectal Carcinoma,Braf Gene Mutation,Recurrent Lung Cancer,Non-small Cell Carcinoma,Nsclc,Brain Tumor,Thyroid Carcinoma,Colorectal Neoplasms,Nras Gene Mutation,Carcinoma, Non-small-cell Lung,Recurrent Lung Non-small Cell Carcinoma,Recurrent Nsclc,Braf V600e,Brain Metastases,Metastatic Lung Non-small Cell Carcinoma,Solid Tumor,Kras G12v,Melanoma,Histiocytosis,Thyroid Diseases,Braf V600 Mutation,Kras G12d,Thyroid Cancer,Non-small Cell Lung Cancer,Recurrent Histiocytic And Dendritic Cell Neoplasm,Melanoma (skin),Solid Carcinoma,Braf Mutation-related Tumors,Histiocytic Neoplasm,Metastatic Cancer,Recurrent Melanoma

PROVIDER: 12865 | ecrin-mdr-crc |

REPOSITORIES: ECRIN MDR

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Project description:Mutant KRAS (mut-KRAS) is present in 30% of all human cancers and plays a critical role in cancer cell growth and resistance to therapy. There is evidence from colon cancer that mut-KRAS is a poor prognostic factor and negative predictor of patient response to molecularly targeted therapy. However, evidence for such a relationship in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is conflicting. KRAS mutations are primarily found at codons 12 and 13, where different base changes lead to alternate amino acid substitutions that lock the protein in an active state. The patterns of mut-KRas amino acid substitutions in colon cancer and NSCLC are quite different, with aspartate (D) predominating in colon cancer (50%) and cysteine (C) in NSCLC (47%). Through an analysis of a recently completed biopsy biomarker-driven, molecularly targeted multi-arm trial of 215 evaluable patients with refractory NSCLC we show that mut-KRas-G12C/V but not total mut-KRAS predicts progression free survival for the overall group, and for the sorafenib and vandetanib treatment arms. Transcriptome microarray data shows differential expression of cell cycle genes between mut-KRas-G12C/V and G12D patient tumors. A panel of NSCLC cell lines with known mut-KRas amino acid substitutions was used to identify pathways activated by the different mut-KRas, showing that mut-KRas-G12D activates both PI-3-K and MEK signaling, while mut-KRas G12C does not, and alternatively activates RAL signaling. This finding was confirmed using immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells stably transfected with wt-KRAS and different forms of mut-KRAS. Molecular modeling studies show that the different conformation imposed by mut-KRas-G12C could lead to altered association with downstream signaling transducers compared to wild type and mut-KRas-G12D. The significance of the findings for developing mut-KRAS therapies is profound, since it suggests that not all mut-KRas amino acid substitutions signal to effectors in a similar way, and may require different therapeutic interventions. Gene expression profiles were measured in 22 core biopsies from patients with refractory non-small cell lung cancer included in the Biomarker-integrated Approaches of Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer Elimination (BATTLE). All tumors were KRAS mutants, but with different patterns of amino acid substitutions. Supervised analysis of transcriptome profiling was performed to compare cysteine or valine KRAS mutants with other KRAS mutants.

Project description:Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls are the metabolites produced from polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by drug-metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 1A1. These compounds are bound to transthyretin, a major plasma thyroid hormone-binding protein in amphibian tadpoles. The compounds-transthyretin complexes are transferred into the brain across the blood brain barrier in mammals. Thus these compounds are suspected to disrupt neural development in brain. We studied about the effects of hydroxylated PCBs on the thyroid system in brain using metamorphosing tadpoles of African clawed toad, Xenopus laevis. The metamorphosis assay revealed that these compounds had inhibitory effects on the thyroid hormone-induced metamorphosis. This in vivo assay was a powerful tool to detect thyroid-disrupting activities, because we were not able to detect the inhibitory effects of these compounds using thyroid hormone-responsive reporter gene assay in a cultured Xenopus cell line. A genome-wide gene expression analysis in brain following short-term exposure to these compounds demonstrated that the delay of metamorphosis and the morphological thyroid-disrupting changes could be caused partially by disruption of the thyroid hormone-induced gene expression by hydroxylated PCBs. Furthermore, we associated functional ontology terms with the transcripts whose expression were altered by thyroid hormone alone, or thyroid hormone and hydroxylated PCBs. We suggested that these approachs using a technique of bioinformatics revealed molecular mechanism of thyroid-disrupting activities in vivo. Thyroid hormones induce amphibian metamorphosis and alter a lot of thyroid hormone-responsive gene expression. We studied about the effects of hydroxylated PCBs on TH-induced gene expression. Premetamorphic tadpoles were treated with 500 nM hydroxylated PCBs in the presence of 1 nM thyroid hormone for 4 days. After exposure period total RNA was extracted from brain. Study included at least three replicate of each treatment.

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A Study of BDTX-4933 in Patients With BRAF and Select RAS/MAPK Mutation-Positive Cancers

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