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Zinc Supplementation on Markers of Oxidative Stress in Post Operative Colorectal Cancer During Chemotherapy Cycles

ABSTRACT: Objective: To determine the oxidative stress during cycles of chemotherapy in patients after surgery for colorectal cancer, with or without oral zinc supplementation. Subjects: Twenty four adults from both genders participated in this study. All patients underwent stage II, III or IV colorectal cancer surgical resection and were starting chemotherapy in HCFMRP- USP. Patients were randomized into two groups. The first one (QTx-Zn Group, n=10) received 70 mg/d of zinc orally and the second one received placebo (QTx-Placebo Group, n=14) for 16 weeks. The study also included 30 healthy volunteers matched for age, gender and socioeconomic status, who received 70 mg/d of zinc supplement (Control-Zn Group, n=21) or placebo (Control-Placebo Group, n=9) for 16 weeks. Methods: The questionnaires about dietary intake (semiquantitative food frequency and food record), fatigue and quality of life (FACIT-F) and questionnaires that assess the side effects of chemotherapy (CTCAE) were evaluated. Anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance measurements were made. Blood collection was performed before the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th cycles of chemotherapy (median duration of 21 days among cicles). Routine laboratory tests, vitamin E and markers anti and pro-oxidants (MDA, SOD, GPx and isoprostane) ere determined. The control group underwent the same procedures, except for chemotherapy. A longitudinal linear mixed effects model was adjusted for each of the variables of interest. The models were fitted using PROC MIXED of SAS version 9 (SAS, CARY, NC, USA). To analyze the association of categorical variables in the different items of the CTCAE, the investigators used the Fisher exact test. Results: The oral zinc supplementation was sufficient to increase plasma levels of zinc and did not alter food intake, body composition and routine laboratory evaluation of patients undergoing chemotherapy for colorectal cancer. Compared with QTx-Placebo Group, QTx-Zn Group showed lower prevalence of complaint on the salivary gland (17 vs. 75%). Fatigue (43 ± 6 vs. 36 ± 13) and quality of life (126 ± 160 vs. 116 ± 27) has become worst in the period between the 1st and 4th cycles of QTx in QTx-Placebo Group. When compared with QTx-Placebo Group, QTx-Zn Group had higher values of SOD before the 1st (2297 ± 503 vs. 1604 ± 352 USOD/g Hb), 2nd (2037 ± 515 vs. 1712 ± 417 USOD/g Hb) and 4th (2202 ± 323 vs. 1821 ± 360 USOD/g Hb) cycles of QTx. GPx values decreased in QTx-Zn Group before the 3rd cycle of QTx (48.5 ± 7.0 vs. 54.3 ± 2.3 mol NADPH/min/gHb). Conclusions: These data suggest that zinc supplementation reduces complaints related to the change in salivary gland, preserving the quality of life and preventing the worsening of fatigue. The increase in SOD can be attributed to zinc supplementation per se, whereas this mineral is a cofactor that endogenous antioxidant enzyme. The highest activity of SOD increases the production of H2O2, whose detoxification involves the participation of GPx, justifying its reduction. There were no changes in plasma levels of vitamin E, MDA and isoprostane during the study period. Considering the values of MDA and isoprostane, the data indicate that regardless of zinc supplementation, the lipid peroxidation of the cell membrane was unchanged during chemotherapy.

DISEASE(S): Chemotherapy,Colorectal Cancer,Colorectal Neoplasms

PROVIDER: 2164178 | ecrin-mdr-crc |

REPOSITORIES: ECRIN MDR

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Project description:The aim of this study was to compare the gene expression profile changes breast tumors after the treatment with Anthracyclines and Taxanes. To this end, an oligonucleotide microarray was performed (AffymetrixM-bM-^@M-^Ys HG-U133 Plus 2.0 array). This gene expression study was carried out on the biopsied tumor samples previous being treated with chemotherapy, and subsequently compared with themselves once treatment schedule ended. The post-chemotherapy biopsy was obtained from the surgical piece. The goal of this study was the finding of several genes related to apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, survival and transformation-related genes and correlating their differences in expression with the degree of response to chemotherapy, determined by the Miller and Payne histological grading system. After informed consent, patients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer and scheduled chemotherapy treatment based on Anthracyclines and Taxanes (Treatment A: Epirubicin 90 mg/m2-Cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2, 3 cycles bi-weekly and Paclitaxel 150 mg/m2-Gemcitabine 2500 mg/m2, 6 cycles bi-weekly M-BM-1 weekly Herceptin 4 mg/Kg during the first week, 2 mg/Kg for the remaining 11 cycles; Treatment B: Doxorubicin 60 mg/m2-Pemetrexed 500 mg/m2, 4 cycles tri-weekly and Docetaxel 100 mg/m2, 4 cycles tri-weekly; Treatment C: Doxorubicin 60 mg/m2-Cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2, 4 cycles tri-weekly and Docetaxel 100 mg/m2, 4 cycles tri-weekly ) were recruited for this study. Pre-chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy biopsies were examined by a pathologist who determined the Miller & Payne grade for each patient. Matching pairs of pre-chemotherapy and post-chemotherpy samples were divided into 3 groups according to Miller & Payne grade: group of bad response (Miller & Payne grades 1 and 2), group of mid response (Miller & Payne grade 3) and group of good response (Miller & Payne grades 4 and 5). Gene expression analysis was performed in paired samples as follows: mid response group post-chemotherapy biopsy vs pre-chemotherapy biopsy (Mid final vs initial). For this assay were necessary 20 samples being chosen according to histopathologic criteria (Miller & Payne grade 3). Other comparisons in which this group of samples was involved include: Initial Good vs Mid, Initial Bad vs Mid, Final Bad vs Mid and Final Good vs Mid. This gene expression profiling was carried out making use of AffymetrixM-bM-^@M-^Ys GeneChip technology, with the AffymetrixM-bM-^@M-^Ys HG-U133 Plus 2.0 array from this provider. All the protocols and apparatus were recommended by Affymetrix. Total RNA from frozen mammary tumors was directly extracted by a RNeasy Mini kit and homogenized by QIAshredder columns under manufacturerM-bM-^@M-^Ys instructions. The quality and quantity of the obtained RNA, was checked out through agarose electrophoresis and later spectrophotometry at 260/280 nm. Biotinylated cRNA was synthesized following the IVT labeling kit from Affymetrix and purified by the GeneChip Sample Cleanup Module from Affymetrix. Once again, the quality and quantity of the obtained cRNA, was checked out through agarose electrophoresis and posterior spectrophotometry at 260/280 nm. After hybridization, slides were washed and scanned following the manufacturerM-bM-^@M-^Ys standard protocol. Intensity values were normalized by Robust Multichip Average method and subsequently these were filtered for remove the control sequences and those with a hybridization signal near to background. The spike controls were: BioB, BioC, BioD and Cre; because BioB was the less presented in the samples, it was used to estimate the sensitivity of the experiment. The housekeeping control was GAPDH. After non-supervised PCA analysis and clustering, gene expression statistical significances were identified by two regression models taking into account the pathologic response to chemotherapy and if the sample was obtained before or after chemotherapy treatment. Supervised PCA analysis and clustering were performed with processed data. Partek Genomics Suite v7.3.1 (Partek) software was employed for the statistic analysis and clustering.

Project description:The aim of this study was to compare the gene expression profile changes breast tumors after the treatment with Anthracyclines and Taxanes. To this end, an oligonucleotide microarray was performed (AffymetrixM-bM-^@M-^Ys HG-U133 Plus 2.0 array). This gene expression study was carried out on the biopsied tumor samples previous being treated with chemotherapy, and subsequently compared with themselves once treatment schedule ended. The post-chemotherapy biopsy was obtained from the surgical piece. The goal of this study was the finding of several genes related to apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, survival and transformation-related genes and correlating their differences in expression with the degree of response to chemotherapy, determined by the Miller and Payne histological grading system. After informed consent, patients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer and scheduled chemotherapy treatment based on Anthracyclines and Taxanes (Treatment A: Epirubicin 90 mg/m2-Cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2, 3 cycles bi-weekly and Taxol 150 mg/m2-Gemcitabine 2500 mg/m2, 6 cycles bi-weekly M-BM-1 weekly Herceptin 4 mg/Kg during the first week, 2 mg/Kg for the remaining 11 cycles; Treatment B: Doxorubicin 60 mg/m2-Pemetrexed 500 mg/m2, 4 cycles tri-weekly and Taxotere 100 mg/m2, 4 cycles tri-weekly; Treatment C: Doxorubicin 60 mg/m2-Cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2, 4 cycles tri-weekly and Taxotere 100 mg/m2, 4 cycles tri-weekly ) were recruited for this study. Pre-chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy biopsies were examined by a pathologist who determined the Miller & Payne grade for each patient. Matching pairs of pre-chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy samples were divided into 3 groups according to Miller & Payne grade: group of bad response (Miller & Payne grades 1 and 2), group of mid response(Miller & Payne grade 3) and group of good response (Miller & Payne grades 4 and 5). Gene expression analysis was performed in paired samples as follows: bad response group post-chemotherapy biopsy vs pre-chemotherapy biopsy (Bad Final vs Initial). For this assay were necessary 28 samples being chosen according to histopathologic criteria (Miller & Payne grades 1 and 2). Of them, 26 samples were paired, 1 pre-chemotherapy sample and 1 post-chemotherapy sample from patients that experienced a bad response to chemotherapy were also included in this experimental series. Other comparisons in which this group of samples was involved include: Initial Bad vs Good, Initial Bad vs Mid, Final Bad vs Good and Final Bad vs Mid. This gene expression profiling was carried out making use of AffymetrixM-bM-^@M-^Ys GeneChip technology, with the AffymetrixM-bM-^@M-^Ys HG-U133 Plus 2.0 array from this provider. All the protocols and apparatus were recommended by Affymetrix. Total RNA from frozen mammary tumors was directly extracted by a RNeasy Mini kit and homogenized by QIAshredder columns under manufacturerM-bM-^@M-^Ys instructions. The quality and quantity of the obtained RNA, was checked out through agarose electrophoresis and later spectrophotometry at 260/280 nm. Biotinylated cRNA was synthesized following the IVT labeling kit from Affymetrix and purified by the GeneChip Sample Cleanup Module from Affymetrix. Once again, the quality and quantity of the obtained cRNA, was checked out through agarose electrophoresis and posterior spectrophotometry at 260/280 nm. After hybridization, slides were washed and scanned following the manufacturerM-bM-^@M-^Ys standard protocol. Intensity values were normalized by Robust Multichip Average method and subsequently these were filtered for remove the control sequences and those with a hybridization signal near to background. The spike controls were: BioB, BioC, BioD and Cre; because BioB was the less presented in the samples, it was used to estimate the sensitivity of the experiment. The housekeeping control was GAPDH. After non-supervised PCA analysis and clustering, gene expression statistical significances were identified by two regression models taking into account the pathologic response to chemotherapy and if the sample was obtained before or after chemotherapy treatment. Supervised PCA analysis and clustering were performed with processed data. Partek Genomics Suite v7.3.1 (Partek) software was employed for the statistic analysis and clustering.

Project description:The aim of this study was to compare the gene expression profile changes breast tumors after the treatment with Anthracyclines and Taxanes. To this end, an oligonucleotide microarray was performed (AffymetrixM-bM-^@M-^Ys HG-U133 Plus 2.0 array). This gene expression study was carried out on the biopsied tumor samples previous being treated with chemotherapy, and subsequently compared with themselves once treatment schedule ended. The post-chemotherapy biopsy was obtained from the surgical piece. The goal of this study was the finding of several genes related to apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, survival and transformation-related genes and correlating their differences in expression with the degree of response to chemotherapy, determined by the Miller and Payne histological grading system. After informed consent, patients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer and scheduled chemotherapy treatment based on Anthracyclines and Taxanes (Treatment A: Epirubicin 90 mg/m2-Cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2, 3 cycles bi-weekly and Taxol 150 mg/m2-Gemcitabine 2500 mg/m2, 6 cycles bi-weekly M-BM-1 weekly Herceptin 4 mg/Kg during the first week, 2 mg/Kg for the remaining 11 cycles; Treatment B: Doxorubicin 60 mg/m2-Pemetrexed 500 mg/m2, 4 cycles tri-weekly and Taxotere 100 mg/m2, 4 cycles tri-weekly; Treatment C: Doxorubicin 60 mg/m2-Cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2, 4 cycles tri-weekly and Taxotere 100 mg/m2, 4 cycles tri-weekly) were recruited for this study. Pre-chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy biopsies were examined by a pathologist who determined the Miller & Payne grade for each patient. Matching pairs of pre-chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy samples were divided into 3 groups according to Miller & Payne grade: group of bad response (Miller & Payne grades 1 and 2), group of mid response (Miller & Payne grade 3) and group of good response (Miller & Payne grades 4 and 5). Gene expression analysis was performed in paired samples as follows: bad response group post-chemotherapy biopsy vs pre-chemotherapy biopsy (Bad Final vs Initial). For this assay were necessary 13 samples being chosen according to histopathologic criteria (Miller & Payne grades 4 and 5). Of them, 10 samples were paired and 3 pre-chemotherapy samples from patients that experienced a good response to chemotherapy were also included in this experimental series. Other comparisons in which this group of samples was involved include: Initial Bad vs Good, Initial Good vs Mid, Final Mid vs Good and Final Bad vs Good. This gene expression profiling was carried out making use of AffymetrixM-bM-^@M-^Ys GeneChip technology, with the AffymetrixM-bM-^@M-^Ys HG-U133 Plus 2.0 array from this provider. All the protocols and apparatus were recommended by Affymetrix. Total RNA from frozen mammary tumors was directly extracted by a RNeasy Mini kit and homogenized by QIAshredder columns under manufacturerM-bM-^@M-^Ys instructions. The quality and quantity of the obtained RNA, was checked out through agarose electrophoresis and later spectrophotometry at 260/280 nm. Biotinylated cRNA was synthesized following the IVT labeling kit from Affymetrix and purified by the GeneChip Sample Cleanup Module from Affymetrix. Once again, the quality and quantity of the obtained cRNA, was checked out through agarose electrophoresis and posterior spectrophotometry at 260/280 nm. After hybridization, slides were washed and scanned following the manufacturerM-bM-^@M-^Ys standard protocol. Intensity values were normalized by Robust Multichip Average method and subsequently these were filtered for remove the control sequences and those with a hybridization signal near to background. The spike controls were: BioB, BioC, BioD and Cre; because BioB was the less presented in the samples, it was used to estimate the sensitivity of the experiment. The housekeeping control was GAPDH. After non-supervised PCA analysis and clustering, gene expression statistical significances were identified by two regression models taking into account the pathologic response to chemotherapy and if the sample was obtained before or after chemotherapy treatment. Supervised PCA analysis and clustering were performed with processed data. Partek Genomics Suite v7.3.1 (Partek) software was employed for the statistic analysis and clustering.

Dataset Information

Zinc Supplementation on Markers of Oxidative Stress in Post Operative Colorectal Cancer During Chemotherapy Cycles

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