Study of the Relationship Between Clinical and Paraclinical Markers During Situations of Cachexia and Pre-cachexia in Patients Over 70 Years With Colorectal Surgery
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
DISEASE(S): Colorectal Tumor,Colorectal Neoplasms,Cachexia,Wasting Syndrome,Cancer
PROVIDER: 2171306 | ecrin-mdr-crc |
REPOSITORIES: ECRIN MDR
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Project description:Background Loss of skeletal muscle mass in advanced cancer is recognized as an independent predictor of mortality. Mechanisms involved in this wasting process and parameters for early diagnosis are still lacking. As skeletal muscle is considered as a secretory organ, the aim of this present experimental work was to characterize the changes in muscle proteome and secretome associated with cancer-induced cachexia to better understand cellular mechanisms involved in this wasting process and to identify secreted proteins which might reflect the ongoing muscle atrophy process. Methods We investigated first the changes in the muscle proteome associated with cancer-induced cachexia by using differential label-free proteomic analysis on muscle of the C26 mouse model. The differentially abundant proteins were submitted to sequential bioinformatic secretomic analysis in order to identify potentially secreted proteins. Selected reaction monitoring and Western blotting were used to verify the presence of candidate proteins at the circulating level. Their muscle source was demonstrated by assessing their gene expression in skeletal muscle and in cultured myotubes. Finally, we also investigated their regulation in muscle cells. Alterations in several molecular pathways potentially involved in muscle atrophy were highlighted using Gene ontology enrichment analyses. Results Our results revealed a dramatic increased production (2-to 25-fold) by the muscle of several acute phase reactants (APR: Haptoglobin, Serpina3n, Complement C3, Serum amyloid A1) which are also released in the circulation during C26 cancer cachexia. Their production was confirmed in other preclinical models of cancer cachexia as well as in cancer patients. The muscular origin of these APR was demonstrated by their increased expression in skeletal muscle and myotubes. Glucocorticoids and pro-inflammatory cytokines contribute directly to their increased expression in muscle cells in vitro, while the role of IL-6 in the muscular induction of these APR was demonstrated in vivo. Conclusions Cancer is associated with marked changes in muscle secretome during muscle wasting. Our study demonstrates a marked increased production of APR by skeletal muscle in pre-clinical models of cancer cachexia and in cancer patients. Further studies are required to unravel the potential role of these proteins in muscle atrophy and their interest as biomarkers of cancer cachexia.
2020-10-28 | PXD016474 | Pride
Project description:Cancer cachexia is a common, debilitating condition with limited therapeutic options. The defining feature of cachexia is weight loss, which suggests a state of negative energy balance. Using an established genetically engineered mouse model of lung cancer, we found that cachexia is characterized by reduced food intake, spontaneous activity, and energy expenditure accompanied by muscle metabolic dysfunction and atrophy. Calorie restriction in wild-type mice does not recapitulate this phenotype, suggesting that reduced food intake is not the only driver of weight loss in this model. Using unbiased RNA-sequencing of the muscle and tumor, we identified Activin A as a purported driver of the peripheral metabolic dysfunction. To reverse anorexia and muscle dysfunction, we treated the mice with anamorelin (Ana), a ghrelin receptor agonist, alone or in combination with the ActRIIB-Fc, a decoy ligand for TGF-β/activin family members. Ana effectively increased food intake but only the combination of drugs increased lean mass, restored spontaneous activity, and improved overall survival. These beneficial effects were limited to female mice and were dependent on ovarian function. In agreement, we found that high expression of Activin A in human lung adenocarcinoma correlates with unfavorable prognosis only in female patients, even though expression levels are similar in both sexes. Overall, our study suggests that multimodal, sex-specific, therapies are needed to reverse CACS.
2022-07-09 | GSE165856 | GEO
Project description:The regulatory gene pathways underlying the loss of adipose tissue in cancer cachexia are unknown and were explored using pangenomic transcriptome profiling. Gene expression profiles (Human Gene 1.0 ST) of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue were studied in gastrointestinal cancer patients with (N=13) or without (N=14) cachexia. Data analyses were performed using the Affymetrix GeneChip Operating Software (GCOS) Version 1.4.
2010-04-10 | E-GEOD-20571 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Over 80% of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) suffer from cachexia, characterized by severe muscle and fat loss and yet, there are no biomarkers identified for this debilitating condition. Our objective was to identify circulating protein biomarkers using serum for human PDAC cachexia and understand their biological functions. Serum from 30 patients with PDAC was collected and protein profiles were generated using SOMAscan. The protein profiles were correlated with clinical variables such as Cancer associated weight loss (CAWL), body composition measurements of skeletal muscle index (SMI), skeletal muscle density (SMD), total adipose index (TAI) using Spearman’s correlation. Overall, 110 proteins of 1294 correlated with these clinical measures - 47 proteins for CAWL, 19 for SMI, 14 for SMD, and 30 for TAI (r-value 0.5, p<0.05). LYVE1, a homolog of CD44 implicated in tumor metastasis, was the top CAWL-associated protein (r= 0.67, p=0.0001). Protein co-expression network analysis identified immune system related pathways such as B-cell signaling, natural killer cell signaling, IL6 signaling in addition to identifying other known pathways in cachexia. Taken together, these data identify both immune system molecules and additional secreted factors and pathways not previously associated with PDAC and confirm the activation of previously identified pathways.
2020-12-31 | GSE119483 | GEO
Project description:Pancreatic cancer is characterized by a high frequency of cachexia, pain and neural invasion (N-inv). Neural damage is occurred by N-inv and modulates pain and muscle atrophy via the activation of astrocyte in the connected spine. The activated astrocyte by N-inv, thus, may affect cachexia in pancreatic cancer. Clinical studies in patients and autopsy cases with pancreatic cancer have revealed that N-inv is related to cachexia and astrocytic activation. We established a novel murine model of cancer cachexia using N-inv of human pancreatic cancer cells. Mice with N-inv showed a loss of body weight, skeletal muscle, and fat mass without appetite loss, which are compatible with an animal model of cancer cachexia. Activation of astrocytes in the spinal cord connected with N-inv was observed in our model. Experimental cachexia was suppressed by disrupting neural routes or inhibiting the activation of astrocytes. These data provide the first evidence that N-inv induces cachexia via astrocytic activation of neural route in pancreatic cancer. We produced neural invasion (N-inv) model using intraneural injection of Capan-1 cells to left sciatic nerve of male SCID mouse. For controls, subcutaneous model (SC) and PBS model were produced. Microarray analysis was performed using the first lumbar cord (L1) from PBS, SC, and N-inv mice at 6 w (n = 2 each).
2011-12-07 | E-GEOD-34189 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cancer cachexia (CC) is a poorly understood cause of morbidity and mortality, which has no efficacious treatment or generally-accepted management strategy. The consensus definition for CC identified skeletal muscle loss as a key marker in the diagnosis and classification of cachexia. The importance of fat wasting however, is less understood. During cachexia, different adipose depots demonstrate differential wasting rates. Studies from animal models have suggested adipose tissue may be a key driver of muscle wasting through fat-muscle crosstalk but human studies in this area are lacking. We performed global gene expression profiling of intra-abdominal (IAAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose from weight stable and cachectic cancer patients and healthy controls. Cachexia was defined as >2% weight loss plus low CT-muscularity. Biopsies of SAT and IAAT were taken from patients undergoing resection for oesophago-gastric cancer, and healthy controls (donor nephrectomy) (n=16 and 8 respectively). RNA was isolated and reverse transcribed. cDNA was hybridised to the Affymetrix Clariom S Microarray and data was analysed using R/Bioconductor. Differential expression of genes was assessed using empirical Bayes and moderated-t-statistic approaches. Category enrichment analysis was used with a tissue-specific background to examine the biological context of differentially expressed genes. Selected differentially regulated genes were validated by qPCR. ELISA for Intelectin-1 was performed on IAAT samples for the corresponding patients. The current cohort plus 12 additional patients from each group also had plasma Intelectin-1 ELISA carried out. In IAAT versus SAT comparisons there were 2101, 1722 and 1659 significantly regulated genes in the cachectic, weight stable and control groups respectively. There were 2200 significantly regulated genes from IAAT in cachectic patients compared to controls and 1253 significantly regulated genes from IAAT in weight stable cancer patients compared to controls. The gene showing the largest difference in expression was Intelectin-1 (Omentin-1) (FDR corrected p=0.0001); a novel adipocytokine associated with weight loss in other groups. Genes involving inflammation were enriched in cancer and control IAAT versus SAT though different groups of genes contributed. Energy metabolism and fat browning genesets were downregulated in cancer IAAT as were key fat browning genes (e.g. UCP1). SAT and IAAT have unique gene expression signatures. IAAT is metabolically active in cancer, and maybe a target for therapeutic manipulation. IAAT may play a fundamental role in cachexia, but the downregulation of energy metabolism genes implies a limited role for fat browning in human cachectic patients, in contrast to pre-clinical models.
2020-05-29 | GSE131835 | GEO
Project description:Background: Cancer cachexia (CAC) reduces patient survival and quality of life. Developments of efficient therapeutic strategies are required for the CAC treatments. This long-term process could be shortened by the drug-repositioning approach which exploits old drugs approved for non-cachexia disease. Amiloride, a diuretic drug, is clinically used for treatments of hypertension and edema due to heart failure. Here, we explored the effects of amiloride for ameliorating muscle wasting in murine models of cancer cachexia. Methods: CT26 and LLC tumor cells were subcutaneously injected into mice to induce cancer cachexia. Amiloride was intraperitoneally injected daily once tumors were formed. Cachexia features of the CT26 and LLC models, respectively, were characterized by phenotypic, histopathologic and biochemical analyses. Plasma exosomes and muscle atrophy-related proteins were quantitatively analyzed. Integrative NMR-based metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were conducted to identify significantly altered metabolic pathways and distinctly changed metabolism-related biological processes in gastrocnemius. Results: The CT26 and LLC models displayed prominent cachexia features including decreases in body weight, skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and muscle strength. The amiloride treatment in tumor-bearing mice distinctly alleviated muscle atrophy and relieved cachexia-related features without affecting tumor growth. The CT26 and LLC cachexia mice showed increased particle density of plasma exosomes which were largely derived from tumors. Significantly, the amiloride treatment inhibited tumor-derived exosome release, which did not obviously affect exosome secretion from non-neoplastic tissues or induce observable systemic toxicities in normal healthy mice. Integrative-omics revealed significant metabolic impairments in cachectic gastrocnemius, including promoted muscular catabolism, inhibited muscular protein synthesis, blocked glycolysis and impeded ketone body oxidation. The amiloride treatment evidently improved the metabolic impairments in cachectic gastrocnemius. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated the efficacy of amiloride in ameliorating cachectic muscle wasting and elucidated the underlying mechanistic rationale for its use as an alternative strategy to improve CAC treatments.
2021-07-14 | GSE173250 | GEO
Project description:Cancer cachexia, highly prevalent in lung cancer, is a debilitating syndrome characterized by involuntary loss of skeletal muscle mass, and is associated with poor clinical outcome, decreased survival and negative impact on on tumor therapy. Here we sought to identify the muscle gene profile and pathways regulated in cachexia. Vastus lateralis muscle was obtained of newly diagnosed treatment-naïve NSCLC patients with cachexia (n = 8) and matched healthy controls (n = 8). Self-reported weight loss and body composition measurements defined cachexia status. RNA sequencing was performed on the Illumina NovasSeq 6000.
2023-04-03 | E-MTAB-12781 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cachexia is a wasting syndrome characterized by pronounced skeletal muscle loss. In cancer, cachexia associates with increased morbidity and mortality and decreased treatment tolerance. Although advances have been made in understanding the mechanisms of cachexia, translating these advances to the clinic has been challenging. One reason for this shortcoming may be the current animal models that fail to fully recapitulate the etiology of human cancer-induced tissue wasting. Because pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) presents with a high incidence of cachexia, we engineered a mouse model of PDA, that we named KPP. KPP mice, similar to PDA patients, progressively lose skeletal and adipose mass as a consequence of their tumors. In addition, KPP muscles exhibit a similar gene ontology to cachectic patients. We envision the KPP model will be a useful resource for advancing our mechanistic understanding and ability to treat cancer cachexia.
2019-08-06 | GSE133524 | GEO
Project description:Cachexia is a wasting syndrome characterized by pronounced skeletal muscle loss. In cancer, cachexia associates with increased morbidity and mortality and decreased treatment tolerance. Although advances have been made in understanding the mechanisms of cachexia, translating these advances to the clinic has been challenging. One reason for this shortcoming may be the current animal models that fail to fully recapitulate the etiology of human cancer-induced tissue wasting. Because pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) presents with a high incidence of cachexia, we engineered a mouse model of PDA, that we named KPP. KPP mice, similar to PDA patients, progressively lose skeletal and adipose mass as a consequence of their tumors. In addition, KPP muscles exhibit a similar gene ontology to cachectic patients. We envision the KPP model will be a useful resource for advancing our mechanistic understanding and ability to treat cancer cachexia.
2019-08-06 | GSE133523 | GEO