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Phase 0 study of three-dimensional endoscopic optical coherence tomography (u-VOIS)

ABSTRACT: Interventions: Endoscopic examinations of mucosal membrane using three-dimensional optical coherence tomography probe. Primary outcome(s): Discrimination ability of mucosal membrane structure. Discrimination ability of cancer tissue. Study Design: Single arm Non-randomized

DISEASE(S): Esophageal Cancer, Gastric Cancer, Colorectal Cancer

PROVIDER: 2618337 | ecrin-mdr-crc |

REPOSITORIES: ECRIN MDR

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Endoscopic Optical Coherence Tomography for Screening and Diagnosis of Colorectal Precancerous and Malignant Polyps

Project description:Colorectal cancer arises from the mucosal layer of the colon. Current screening is performed by flexible endoscopy, which involves visual inspection of the mucosal lining of the colon and rectum with an optical camera mounted on the endoscope, with abnormal areas being biopsied. This method is somewhat limited in that there are no readily available surface pattern or morphological classification systems with adequate sensitivity or specificity to evaluate extent of submucosal invasion (deep, superficial, or none). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) using pattern recognition is a high-resolution imaging modality. There is currently an unmet need to predict depth of invasion for colonic tumors to decide on applicability of endoscopic (endoscopic submucosal dissection or endoscopic mucosal resection) vs. surgical therapy. The investigators’ hypothesis is that OCT will have a higher diagnostic accuracy for determining depth of submucosal invasion compared to existing modalities. The investigators will first aim to assess the procedural feasibility and safety of using an OCT probe during routine colonoscopy with an early feasibility study. This study will identify appropriate modifications to the device and help with development of subsequent clinical study protocols. The eventual goal is to assess the diagnostic accuracy of OCT imaging for predicting depth of invasion of colonic tumors.

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Optical Coherence Tomography of the Gastrointestinal Tract

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Goat’s milk exosomes as natural nanoparticles in detection of inflammatory processes by optical imaging

Project description:Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles with a proven key role in intercellular signaling, inflammation processes and immune response. Due to their natural origin and liposome-like structure, these nanometric vesicles have emerged as novel platforms for therapy and diagnosis. This work presents goat’s milk exosomes as natural nanoparticles applied in the detection of inflammatory processes by optical imaging. Goat’s milk exosomes were isolated and fully characterized by their physicochemical properties, proteomics profile and biochemical impact in healthy mice. For the in vitro and in vivo assessment, these nanoparticles were covalently labeled with sulfo-Cyanine 5 and BODIPY-FL. In vitro studies confirmed the internalization of the nanoprobe as well as no cytotoxicity in macrophages populations (RAW 264.7). The capacity of our probe to localize inflammatory processes was in vivo assessed by optical imaging in a peritonitis mouse model confirmed. These results were also confirmed by the flow cytometry analysis of the peritonitis exudates, supporting the use of these natural nanoparticles in the detection of inflammatory processes.

2022-02-21 | PXD025026 | Pride

A three-dimensional map of the human genome at kilobase resolution reveals prinicples of chromatin looping

Project description:We use in situ Hi-C to probe the three-dimensional architecture of genomes, constructing haploid and diploid maps of nine cell types. The densest, in human lymphoblastoid cells, contains 4.9 billion contacts, achieving 1-kilobase resolution. We find that genomes are partitioned into local domains, which are associated with distinct patterns of histone marks and segregate into six subcompartments. We identify ~10,000 loops. These loops frequently link promoters and enhancers, correlate with gene activation, and show conservation across cell types and species. Loop anchors typically occur at domain boundaries and bind CTCF. CTCF sites at loop anchors occur predominantly (>90%) in a convergent orientation, with the asymmetric motifs ‘facing’ one another. The inactive X-chromosome splits into two massive domains and contains large loops anchored at CTCF-binding repeats. in situ Hi-C and dilution Hi-C were used to probe the three-dimensional structure of the genome in eight diverse human cell types and one mouse cell type

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Genome-wide analysis of retinal transcriptome reveals common genetic network underlying perception of contrast and optical defocus detection

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Three-dimensional imaging of ureter with endoscopic optical coherence tomography.

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Project description:Single cell RNA sequencing has emerged as a powerful tool for characterizing cells, but not all phenotypes of interest can be observed through gene expression alone. Linking sequencing with optical analysis has provided insight into the molecular basis behind cellular function, but current approaches have limited throughput. Here, we present a high throughput platform for linked optical and gene expression profiling of single cells. We demonstrate accurate fluorescence and gene expression measurements from thousands of cells in a single experiment and use the platform to characterize DNA and RNA changes in Jurkat cells through the cell-cycle. In addition to its scalability, our integration of microfluidics and array-based molecular biology holds promise for comprehensive multi-omics profiling of single cells.

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