Project description:We performed gene expression profiling of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cholangiocarcinoma (CC), and mixed type of combined HCC and CC (CHC). In comparison of the profiles, a novel class of HCC expressing CC-like traits was identified. Gene expression profiling of 70 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 13 cholangiocarcinoma (CC), and 7 mixed type of combined HCC and CC (CHC) were performed.
Project description:Background & Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most lethal cancer due to lack of effective therapies. Although promising, HCC molecular classification, which enriches potential responders to specific therapies, has not yet been assessed in clinical trials of anti-HCC drugs. We aimed to overcome these challenges by developing clinicopathological surrogate indices of HCC molecular classification. Methods: HCC classification defined in our previous transcriptome meta-analysis (S1, S2, and S3 subclasses) was implemented in an FDA-approved diagnostic platform (Elements assay, NanoString). Ninety-six HCC tumors (training set) were assayed to develop molecular subclass-predictive indices based on clinicopathological features, which were independently validated in 99 HCC tumors (validation set). Molecular deregulations associated with the histopathological features were determined by pathway analysis. Sample sizes for HCC clinical trials enriched with specific molecular subclasses were determined. Results: HCC subclass-predictive indices were: steatohepatitic (SH)-HCC variant and immune cell infiltrate for S1 subclass, macrotrabecular/compact pattern, lack of pseudoglandular pattern, and high serum alpha-fetoprotein (>400 ng/mL) for S2 subclass, and microtrabecular pattern, lack of SH-HCC and clear cell variants, and lower histological grade for S3 subclass. Macrotrabecular/compact pattern, a predictor of S2 subclass, was associated with activation of therapeutically targetable oncogene YAP and stemness markers EPCAM/KRT19. BMP4 was associated with pseudoglandular pattern. Subclass-predictive indices-based patient enrichment reduced clinical trial sample sizes from 121, 184, and 53 to 30, 43, and 22 for S1, S2, and S3 subclass-targeting therapies, respectively. Conclusions: HCC molecular subclasses can be enriched by clinicopathological indices tightly associated with deregulation of therapeutically targetable molecular pathways.
Project description:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with a high fatality rate, characterized by a poor prognosis and a low 5-year survival rate. Although significant progress has been made in immunotherapy and targeted therapy for HCC in recent years, the overall survival benefits for patients remain very limited. Therefore, the continuous development of new targets and the screening of specific therapeutic drugs are of great significance for further developing precise treatment methods, exploring more effective combination therapies, overcoming drug resistance. In our preliminary work 272 bioactive compounds have been isolated and identified from edible and medicinal traditional Chinese medicines including Lonicera japonica, Cistanche deserticola and Artemisia capillaris. Through systematic screening, we discovered that 16'-decarbomethoxydihydrovoacamine (16'-DEC), which derived from Tabernaemontana corymbosa, can significantly inhibit hepatoma cell viability and migratory capacity. Furthermore, 16'-DEC can act in combination with lenvatinib, an approved targeted drug for HCC, to further inhibit the proliferation of hepatoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Through transcriptome sequencing, we found that 16'-DEC significantly upregulated the autophagy-related signaling pathway. Mechanism studies have validated that 16'-DEC does induce autophagy in hepatoma cells, and blocking autophagy can significantly reverse the anti-tumor activity of 16'-DEC. Furthermore, we found that 16'-DEC inhibited the activation of the mTOR signaling pathway, and molecular docking experiments indicated that 16'-DEC had a high affinity for the mTOR protein. Biochemical kinase assays confirmed 16'-DEC as a direct mTOR inhibitor, suppressing its kinase activity with an IC50 0.83 μM in cell-free systems. Taken together, these results demenstated that 16’-DEC inhibited hepatocellular carcinoma through inducing autophagy by targeting the mTOR pathway, which make it a potential therapeutic agent for HCC.
Project description:We identify a new cell subset Ter119+CD45- small cells that promotes tumor metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-bearing mice. We used microarrays to detail the gene expression of Ter119+CD45- cells comparing with CD45- cells in the spleen of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-bearing mice. Ter119+CD45- cells in the spleen of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-bearing mice, being sorted by a MoFlo high-speed cell sorter, were prepared for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays. The CD45+ cells from the same tumor bearing mice were prepared as control.