0b0a4bb6-86a4-4205-9efb-ed00a7e9e608 - samples
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PROVIDER: EGAD00001009339 | EGA |
REPOSITORIES: EGA
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Project description:By selective and reversible inhibition of CDK4/CDK6, we have developed a strategy to both inhibit proliferation and enhance cytotoxic killing of cancer cells. Induction of prolonged early-G1 arrest (pG1) by CDK4/CDK6 inhibition halts gene expression in early-G1 and prevents expression of genes programmed for other cell cycle phases. S-phase synchronization upon removal of the early-G1 block (pG1-S) fails to completely restore scheduled gene expression. Consequently, coordinate loss of IRF4 and gain of Bim and Noxa expression sensitize myeloma tumor cells to bortezomib-induced apoptosis in pG1 and more profoundly in pG1-S in vitro. Induction of pG1 and pG1-S by CDK4/CDK6 inhibition augments tumor-specific bortezomib killing in myeloma xenografts. Inhibition of CDK4/CDK6 in combination therapy thus represents a novel mechanism-based cancer therapy. PD 0332991 (PD) is the only known specific and reversible CDK4/CDK6 inhibitor. Gene expression was measured in myeloma MM1.S cells treated with PD (0.25 uM) in triplicate for 12, 24 or 36 h, or in cells released from G1, induced by 24hPD, for 4 or 18 h.
2012-04-06 | E-GEOD-35728 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:MET-altered human cancer cell lines including Hs746T (MET-mutated/amplified), H596 (MET-mutated) and H1993 (MET-amplified) cells were used. In microarray analysis, MET suppression using MET inhibitor or siRNAs up-regulated variable co-stimulatory molecules, including 4-1BBL, OX40L and CD70, and down-regulated variable co-inhibitory molecules. Among co-inhibitory molecules, PD-L1 was one of the most markedly down-regulated genes by MET suppression, which was validated at the mRNA and total/surface protein levels in Hs746T and H1993 cells. Consistently, MET activation by HGF treatment increased PD-L1 expression in H596 cells. Co-culture of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with Hs746T cells suppressed IFNg production from PBMC, which was restored by an MET inhibitor or PD-L1 blockade. A significant positive correlation between MET and PD-L1 expression was observed in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) analysis for variable cancer types and immunohistochemistry for lung cancer. MET overexpression in PD-L1-high tumor exhibited decreased expressions of T-cell effector molecules in TCGA analysis for lung cancer. In summary, MET overexpression/activation is related to immunosuppressive phenotype and is involved in immune escape of tumor by PD-L1 up-regulation. MET-targeted therapy combined with immunotherapy could be a potential therapeutic strategy in MET-dependent cancer.
2019-08-20 | GSE135976 | GEO
Project description:The model is based on publication:
Mathematical analysis of gefitinib resistance of lung adenocarcinoma caused by MET amplification
Abstract:
Gefitinib, one of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is effective for treating lung adenocarcinoma harboring EGFR mutation; but later, most cases acquire a resistance to gefitinib. One of the mechanisms conferring gefitinib resistance to lung adenocarcinoma is the amplification of the MET gene, which is observed in 5–22% of gefitinib-resistant tumors. A previous study suggested that MET amplification could cause gefitinib resistance by driving ErbB3-dependent activation of the PI3K pathway. In this study, we built a mathematical model of gefitinib resistance caused by MET amplification using lung adenocarcinoma HCC827-GR (gefitinib resistant) cells. The molecular reactions involved in gefitinib resistance consisted of dimerization and phosphorylation of three molecules, EGFR, ErbB3, and MET were described by a series of ordinary differential equations. To perform a computer simulation, we quantified each molecule on the cell surface using flow cytometry and estimated unknown parameters by dimensional analysis. Our simulation showed that the number of active ErbB3 molecules is around a hundred-fold smaller than that of active MET molecules. Limited contribution of ErbB3 in gefitinib resistance by MET amplification is also demonstrated using HCC827-GR cells in culture experiments. Our mathematical model provides a quantitative understanding of the molecular reactions underlying drug resistance.
2019-09-30 | BIOMD0000000827 | BioModels
Project description:Lung cancer is a major global health problem, as it is the leading cause of cancer- related deaths worldwide. Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common form, is a heterogeneous disease with adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma being the predominant subtypes. Immune-inhibiting interaction of Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) with programmed cell death-protein 1 (PD-1) causes checkpoint mediated immune evasion and is, accordingly, an important therapeutic target in cancer. In NSCLC, improved understanding of PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint blockade-responsive biology is warranted. We aimed to identify the landscape of immune cell infiltration in primary lung adeno- carcinoma (LUAD) in the context of tumor PD-L1 expression and the extent of immune infiltration (“hot” vs. “cold” phenotype). Therefore, the study comprises LUAD cases (n=138) with “hot” and “cold” tumor immune phenotype and positive and negative tumor PD-L1 expression, respectively. Tumor samples were immunohistochemically analyzed for expression of PD-L1, CD4 and CD8 and further analyzed on transcriptomic level by Nanostring nCouter Pan Cancer Immune Profiling Panel. We detected significantly differentially expressed genes associated with PD-L1 positive and “hot” versus PD-L1 negative and “cold” phenotype. The presented study illustrates novel aspects of PD-L1 regulation, with potential biological relevance, as well as relevance for immunotherapy response stratification.
2021-09-27 | GSE180347 | GEO
Project description:Cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) represents a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of certain subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). CDK4/6 kinase inhibitors have been widely studied in many cancer types and their effects may be limited by primary and secondary resistance mechanisms. CDK4/6 degraders, which eliminate kinase dependent and kinase independent effects, have been suggested as alternative therapeutic option. We show that efficacy of the CDK6 specific protein degrader BSJ-03-123 varies among AML subtypes and depends on low expression of the INK4 proteins p16INK4A and p18INK4C. INK4 protein levels are significantly elevated in MLL-AF9+ compared to AML1-ETO+ cells, contributing to the different CDK6 degradation efficacy. We demonstrate that CDK6 complexes containing p16INK4A or p18INK4C are protected from BSJ-mediated degradation and that INK4 levels define the proliferative response to CDK6 degradation. These findings define INK4 proteins as predictive marker for CDK6 degradation – targeted therapies in AML.
2022-04-04 | PXD032216 | Pride
Project description:LKB1 deficiency in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) leads to primary resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we showed that LKB1 deficiency significantly affected the tumor immune landscape by decreasing the infiltration of most immunocyte populations and downregulating the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1). LKB1 deficiency promoted cancer evasion due to loss of ICAM1-mediated antitumor immunity, including immune-competent cell cytotoxicity and tumor infiltration. CDK4/6 inhibitors reversed this process in a targeted manner. A tailored combination strategy using CDK4/6 inhibitors and anti-PD-1 antibodies slowed tumor growth and increased survival in syngeneic mouse models of LKB1-deficient lung adenocarcinoma. Combining a CDK4/6 inhibitor, which is clinically approved, with PD-1 blockade therapy is thus a promising option for lung adenocarcinoma patients harboring LKB1 mutations.
2022-12-16 | GSE182228 | GEO
Project description:PD-0332991 is a small molecule inhibitor for Cdk4 and Cdk6. It exerted growth inhibitory effects on PDAC cell lines (AsPC-1 and COLO-357). Microarray analysis was used to characterize the changes in gene expression profiles of AsPC-1 and COLO-357 upon PD-0332991 incubation AsPC-1 and COLO-357 cells were treated in the absence or presence of 5 µM PD-0332991 for 24 h and 72 h. Each expreimental condition had biological triplicates. Twenty-four samples were analyzed in total.
2012-10-10 | E-GEOD-39646 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) are effective in metastatic breast cancer, but they have been only modestly effective in most other tumor types. Here we show that tumors expressing low CDK6 rely on CDK4 function, and are exquisitely sensitive to CDK4/6i. In contrast, tumor cells expressing both CDK4 and CDK6 have increased reliance on CDK6 to ensure cell cycle progression. We discovered that CDK4/6i and CDK4/6 degraders potently bind and inhibit CDK6 selectively in tumors in which CDK6 is highly thermo-unstable and strongly associated with the HSP90/CDC37 complex. In contrast, CDK4/6i and CDK4/6 degraders are ineffective in antagonizing tumor cells expressing thermostable CDK6, due to their weaker binding to CDK6 in these cells. Thus, we uncover a general mechanism of intrinsic resistance to CDK4/6i and CDK4/6i-derived degraders and the need for novel inhibitors targeting the CDK4/6i-resistant, thermostable form of CDK6 for application as cancer therapeutics.
2022-02-16 | PXD023137 | Pride
Project description:PD-0332991 is a small molecule inhibitor for Cdk4 and Cdk6. It exerted growth inhibitory effects on PDAC cell lines (AsPC-1 and COLO-357). Microarray analysis was used to characterize the changes in gene expression profiles of AsPC-1 and COLO-357 upon PD-0332991 incubation
2012-10-10 | GSE39646 | GEO
Project description:Cdk4 and Cdk6 are two related kinases that bind D-type cyclins and regulate cell cycle progression. Due to their relevance in cancer, Cdk4/6 inhibitors are currently in advanced clinical trials in multiple tumor types. Cdk4/6 are inhibited by INK4 proteins that exert tumor suppressing functions. To test the significance of this inhibitory mechanism we have generated knock-in mice that express a Cdk6 mutant (Cdk6 R31C) insensitive to INK4-mediated inhibition. Cdk6R/R mice display altered development of the hematopoietic system without resulting in enhanced tumor susceptibility, either in the presence or absence of p53. The presence of the Cdk6 R31C allele results in defective potential of hematopoietic progenitors in adoptive transfer assays or after induced damage. These defects are rescued after complete insensitivity to INK4 inhibitors in Cdk4R/R; Cdk6R/R double mutant mice, and INK4-resistant mice display increased susceptibility to hematopoietic and endocrine tumors. In BCR-ABL-transformed hematopoietic cells, the presence of the Cdk6 R31C allele results in increased binding of p16INK4a to wild-type Cdk4, whereas the double mutant is fully insensitive to INK4 inhibitors resulting in accelerated disease onset. Our observations reveal that Cdk4 and Cdk6 cooperate in tumor development and suggest a role for Cdk6 in buffering INK4 protein levels thus contributing to the development of hematopoietic tumors. The presence of the Cdk4 R24C and Cdk6 R31C alleles results in relevant changes in the expression profiles of cancer cells including deregulation of apoptosis and other processes. p185BCR-ABL1 was used to transform wild-type or double knock-in Cdk4 R24C; Cdk6 R31C fetal livers. Cell lines were isolated as spontaneous immortal and transformed clones after transduction of fetal liver with a p185 BCR-ABL1-transgene. RNA was isolated from asynchronous cultures. Two-condition experiment, Cdk4R-Cdk6R cells versus wild-type cells. Biological replicates: 3 control replicates, 3 transfected replicates.
2014-11-04 | E-GEOD-59024 | biostudies-arrayexpress