Identification of genes involved in congenital disorders of glycosylation and 3 methylglutaconic aciduria
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PROVIDER: EGAS00001002064 | EGA |
REPOSITORIES: EGA
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Project description:Identification of genes involved in congenital disorders of glycosylation and 3-methylglutaconic aciduria.
There are more than 100 genes known for congenital disorders of glycosylation and new disorders are discovered each year. WE included patients with a so far unsolved glycosylation disease.
The diagnostic group 3-methyglutaconic aciduria is a heterogenous group of disorders mostly caused by abnormal phospholipid synthesis or in association with mitochondrial dysfunction. We included patients with a so far unsolved disease and 3-methylglutaconic aciduria.
This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/ .
This dataset contains all the data available for this study on 2018-03-14.
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Project description:In the biological systems, several genes are involved in protein glycosylation and deglycosylation pathways. Congenital disorders of deglycosylation (CDDG) are a set of disorders which occur due to the defect in genes involved in deglycosylation pathways. The only known CDDG so far is the defect in N-glycanase 1 (NGLY1), which primary function is to cleave the N-glycans from misfolded proteins prior to their proteasomal degradation. We used TMT-based N-glycoproteomics and proteomics on patient derived NGLY1 deficient and control fibroblasts to characterize the alteration in glycoproteome and proteome. 24 fractions of enriched glycopeptides after size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and 24 fractions after basic reverse phase liquid chromatography (bRPLC) were analyzed by LC-MS/MS for glycoproteomics and proteomics, respectively. We identified a total of 3,255 N-glycopeptides which were quantified on 550 glycosylation sites of 407 glycoproteins. A site specific aberrant glycosylation was observed for several extracellular matrix and cell adhesion proteins. By using quantitative proteomics, we detected 8,041 proteins. The alteration in expression of several proteins separated the affected individuals and controls. This is the first glycoproteomic study in patient derived NGLY1-CDDG fibroblasts. The glycoproteomics and proteomics analysis in NGLY1-CDDG provides the potential biomarkers and will increase our general understanding of its pathogenesis.
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Project description:This laboratory focuses on the molecular mechanisms of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders Our goal is to elucidate mechanisms by which regulated expression of proteoglycans and glycosylation-related genes contribute to neurodegenerative diseases involving the striatum. A number of studies have demonstrated that neural proteoglycans are involved structural organization of the striatum and formation of dopaminergic connections to and from the striatum. Several proteoglycans are also associated with neuronal regeneration and some have been shown to be components of filamentous inclusions found in neurodegenerative disorders. In addition, the localization and proper function of dopamine receptors, which are predominantly expressed in the striatum, are governed by N-linked glycosylation events. Huntingtonís Disease (HD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, results in selective degeneration of the striatum. This is caused by a mutation in the protein, huntingtin, however, the mechanisms responsible for neuronal degeneration remain unknown. Similar to the brains of HD patients, HD transgenic mice exhibit huntingtin protein aggregation and nuclear inclusions, selective degeneration of dopamine neurons in the striatum and dopamine receptor dysfunction. In this study, the gene expression patterns of HD transgenic mice were analyzed. Four groups, pre-symptomatic HD mice (6 weeks old), WT control (6 weeks), post symptomatic HD (16 weeks), and WT control (16 weeks), were hybridized and analyzed using the GLYCOv2 array. Each group was hybridized in triplicate.
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Project description:In this project, CSF samples from healthy volunteers and patients diagnosed with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) were analyzed with MS-based glycoproteomics to characterize the glycoproteome in the two cohorts. In order to identify highly truncated glycopeptides and glycopeptides that show the complete loss of glycosylation, we chose to not perform a glycopeptide enrichment. Using the high identification rate of the timsTOF Pro including PASEF fragmentation, we were able to detect over 800 unique glycopeptides. We show that changes in protein N-glycosylation of CDG patients can be different on brain-derived proteins compared to blood derived proteins.
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Project description:Protein glycosylation is an essential posttranslational modification in all domains of life. Its impairment in human can result in severe diseases named Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDGs). Most of the glycosyltransferases (GTs) responsible for proper glycosylation are polytopic membrane proteins that represent challenging targets in proteomics. We established a multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) assay to comprehensively quantify GTs involved in the processes of N-glycosylation, O- and C-mannosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum. High robustness was achieved by using an enriched membrane protein fraction of isotopically labeled HEK 293T cells as an internal protein standard. The analysis of primary skin fibroblasts from eight CDG type I patients with impaired ALG1, ALG2, or ALG11 genes revealed substantial reduction in the levels of corresponding proteins. The abundance of the other GTs, however, remained unchanged on transcript as well as on protein level, indicating that there is no fail-safe mechanism for this essential pathway. The established MRM assay is easily shared with the scientific community via the open source Skyline software environment, including Skyline Batch for automated data analysis. We demonstrate that another research group could easily reproduce all analysis steps even while using different LC-MS hardware.
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Project description:Imprinting disorders are congenital diseases caused by dysregulation of genomic imprinting, affecting growth, neurocognitive development, metabolism and cancer predisposition. Overlapping clinical features are often observed among this group of diseases. In rare cases, two fully expressed imprinting disorders may coexist in the same patient. A dozen cases of this type have been reported so far. Most of them are represented by individuals affected by Beckwith-Wiedemann spectrum (BWSp) and Transient Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus (TNDM) or BWSp and Pseudo-hypoparathyroidism type 1B (PHP1B). All these patients displayed multilocus imprinting disturbances (MLID). Here, we report the first case of co-occurrence of BWS and PHP1B in the same individual in absence of MLID. Genome-wide methylation and SNP-array analyses demonstrated loss of methylation of the KCNQ1OT1:TSS-DMR on chromosome 11p15.5 as molecular cause of BWSp, and upd(20)pat as cause of PHP1B. The absence of MLID and the heterodisomy of chromosome 20 suggests that BWSp and PHP1B arose through distinct and independent mechanism in our patient.
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Project description:Glycosylation of proteins is an important post-translational modification that comprises two major stages: synthesis and attachment of glycans in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and glycan remodeling in the ER and Golgi apparatus (GA). Genetic disorders impairing a step of this process give rise to a group of pathologies named congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). The most common CDG type is PMM2-CDG, caused by mutations on PMM2 (phosphomannomutase 2) genes. PMM2-CDG clinical presentation vary among affected individuals. CDG condition is considered a form of chronic ER stress. Inhibition of glycosylation results in the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER, which induces a complex protective reaction known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), which includes translational repression, transcriptional activation of ER chaperones, and ER-associated degradation of unfolded proteins. In search for CDG biomarkers, EBV-transformed CDG B-lymphoblastoid cell lines (B-LCL) were used as cellular models due to two main advantages: first, B-LCL are secretory cells that are forced to continuously synthetize proteins such as immunoglobulins, cytokines or other cell to cell communication molecules, so their ER is chronically stressed; second, as immune system cells, they express common genes and share common regulatory mechanisms with nervous system cells such as neurons (affected cell in most CDG patients). In this work we generated a collection of 7 EBV-transformed PMM2-CDG B-LCL by culture of patients' purified blood B lymphocytes with supernatants of the marmoset EBV-leukocyte cell line B95-8, and compared their transcriptome with that of 7 EBV-transformed healthy B-LCL. Our analysis revealed 348 significantly up-regulated and 106 down-regulated protein-coding genes compared to non-CDG cell lines, which included response to stress, transcription factors, glycosylation, motility and cell junction, development and cell (neuron) differentiation and synapse genes. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) identified biological consequences associated to gene expression changes in PMM2-CDG cells related to the unfolded protein response (UPR), RNA metabolism and the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and mitochondria components. Dysregulated important genes were MAN1A1, MGAT2, CHST4, LARGE, ADAM23, SEMA4D, UNC13C, AUTS2, CA2, SMN1, EXOSC2 expressed not only in the immune system but in other tissues including the nervous system that were compatible with CDG pathophysiology. Our results confirm PMM2-CDG EBV-transformed B-LCL as a suitable cell model that expands both our knowledge and tools to study CDG pathology at the cellular level, useful for functional characteristics and potential therapeutic drugs testing.
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