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Detection of Gene Fusions using Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Ã¢Â€Â“ a Comparative Evaluation

ABSTRACT: Gene fusions represent promising targets for cancer therapy in lung cancer. Reliable detection of multiple gene fusions is therefore essential. Here, five commercially available parallel sequencing assays were evaluated for their ability to detect gene fusions in eight cell lines and 18 FFPE tissue samples carrying a variety of known gene fusions. Four RNA-based assays and one DNA-based assay were compared; two were hybrid capture-based, TruSight Tumor 170 Assay (Illumina) and SureSelect XT HS Custom Panel (Agilent), and three were amplicon-based, Archer FusionPlex Lung Panel (ArcherDX), QIAseq RNAscan Custom Panel (Qiagen) and Oncomine Focus Assay (Thermo Fisher Scientific).

PROVIDER: EGAS00001004934 | EGA |

REPOSITORIES: EGA

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Project description:Purpose: Assessment of the performance characteristics of an RNA-Seq assay designed to detect gene fusions in 573 genes to aid in the management of cancer patients. Methods: Polyadenylated RNA was converted to cDNA which was then used to prepare NGS libraries that were sequenced on a HiSeq 2500 instrument and analyzed with an in-house developed bioinformatic pipeline. Results: The assay identified 38 of 41 (93%) gene fusions previously detected by a different laboratory using FISH, RT-PCR, or RNA-Seq for a sensitivity of 93%. No false positive gene fusions were identified in 15 normal tissue specimens and 10 tumor specimens that were negative for fusions by RNA-Seq in a different laboratory (100% specificity). The assay also identified 22 fusions in 17 tumor specimens that had not been detected by other methods. Nineteen of the 22 fusions had not previously been described. Good intra- and inter-assay reproducibility was observed with complete concordance for the presence or absence of gene fusions in replicates. The analytical sensitivity of the assay was tested by diluting RNA isolated from gene fusion positive cases with fusion negative RNA. Gene fusions were generally detectable down to 12.5% dilutions for most fusions and as little as 3% for some fusions. The assay identified 38 of 41 (93%) gene fusions previously detected by a different laboratory using FISH, RT-PCR, or RNA-Seq for a sensitivity of 93%. No false positive gene fusions were identified in 15 normal tissue specimens and 10 tumor specimens that were negative for fusions by RNA-Seq in a different laboratory (100% specificity). The assay also identified 22 fusions in 17 tumor specimens that had not been detected by other methods. Nineteen of the 22 fusions had not previously been described. Good intra- and inter-assay reproducibility was observed with complete concordance for the presence or absence of gene fusions in replicates. The analytical sensitivity of the assay was tested by diluting RNA isolated from gene fusion positive cases with fusion negative RNA. Gene fusions were generally detectable down to 12.5% dilutions for most fusions and as little as 3% for some fusions. This assay should be useful for identifying cancer patients that may benefit from both FDA-approved and investigational targeted therapies.

Project description:DNA methylation in CpG context is fundamental to the epigenetic regulation of gene expression in high eukaryotes. Disorganization of methylation status is implicated in many diseases, cellular differentiation, imprinting, and other biological processes. Techniques that enrich for biologically relevant CpG-rich genomic regions are desired since, depending on the size of an oragnism's methylome, the depth of sequencing required to cover all CpGs can be prohibitively expensive. Currently, restriction-enzyme based Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing and its modified protocols are widely used to study methylation differences. Recently, Agilent Technologies and Roche NimbleGen have aimed to both reduce sequencing costs and capture CpGs of known biological relevance by marketing in-solution custom-capture hybridization platforms. These three methods target approximately 10-13% of the human methylome. For each platform - restriction-enzyme based enhanced reduced representation (ERRBS), capture based Agilent SureSelect Methyl-seq (SSMethylseq), and capture based Roche NimbleGen SeqCap Epi CpGiant (CpGiant) - we used human lung fibroblast cell line IMR90 DNA to make libraries according to each protocol and sequenced to equivalent depth. Overall, SSMethylSeq and CpGiant covered >95% of their designed capture regions whereas ERRBS covered 70% of its expected MspI regions. Methylation levels were concordant across the platforms. The concordance of annotations of CpG units for genomic features, displayed roughly the same proportions of genomic features. SSMethylSeq and CpGiant are most similar and cover marginally more annotated regions than ERRBS. However, the number of CpG units shared by all methods was low, ~26% of any platform. We conclude that captured based methods are largely consistent in terms of covered CpG loci although ERRBS provides comparable data at a significantly reduced price. Furthermore, library preparation for ERRBS can be performed with as little as 75ngs of starting material, whereas micrograms are needed for the capture hybridization techniques. Libraries were made from human lung fibroblast cell line IMR90 DNA for each protocol of ERRBS, Agilent SureSelect Methyl-seq, Roche NimbleGen SeqCap Epi CpGiant, and WGBS, then sequenced as paired-end 100bp on an Illumina HiSeq 2500.

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Detection of Gene Fusions using Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Ã¢Â€Â“ a Comparative Evaluation

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