CfDNA dataset from extracelular vesicles and paired non-fractionated samples
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PROVIDER: EGAS00001006848 | EGA |
REPOSITORIES: EGA
Similar Datasets
Project description:<p>We performed whole genome sequencing and whole-exome sequencing of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and whole-exome sequencing of matched tumor biopsies and germline DNA from patients with metastatic cancer. Using ichorCNA, a software tool that quantifies tumor content in ultra-low pass whole genome sequencing (~0.1x) of cfDNA without prior genomic characterization of the tumor, we show genome-wide concordance between cfDNA and tumor biopsies and detectability of high tumor fractions (>0.1) in the cfDNA of many patients with metastatic cancer. We then established that whole-exome sequencing of cfDNA can enable comprehensive profiling of tumors from blood, with high tumor-content cfDNA samples demonstrating concordance of clonal somatic mutations, copy number alterations, mutational signatures, and neoantigens with matched tumor biopsies. This study introduces a new method to identify patients that could be eligible for tumor profiling from cfDNA and sheds light on the concordance between metastatic tissue and blood biopsies.</p>
| phs001417 | dbGaP
Project description:Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (BS-Seq) measures cytosine methylation changes at single-base resolution and can be used to profile cell-free DNA (cfDNA). In plasma, ultrashort single-stranded cfDNA (uscfDNA, ~50 nt) has been identified together with 167 bp double-stranded mononucleosomal cell-free DNA (mncfDNA). However, the methylation profile of uscfDNA has not been described. Conventional BS-Seq workflows may not be helpful because bisulfite conversion degrades larger DNA into smaller fragments, leading to erroneous categorization as uscfDNA. We describe the “5mCAdpBS-Seq” workflow in which pre-methylated 5mC (5-methylcytosine) single-stranded adapters are ligated to heat-denatured cfDNA before bisulfite conversion. This method retains only DNA fragments that are unaltered by bisulfite treatment, resulting in less biased uscfDNA methylation analysis. Using 5mCAdpBS-Seq, uscfDNA had lower levels of DNA methylation (~15%) and was enriched in promoters and CpG islands. Hypomethylated uscfDNA fragments were enriched in upstream transcription start sites (TSSs), and the intensity of enrichment positively affected gene expression of hemopoietic cells. Using tissue-of-origin deconvolution, we inferred that uscfDNA is derived primarily from eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocytes. As proof-of-principle, we show that characteristics of the methylation profile of uscfDNA can distinguish non-small cell lung carcinoma from non-cancer samples. The 5mCAdpBS-Seq workflow is recommended for any cfDNA methylation-based investigations.
2024-03-28 | GSE252088 | GEO
Project description:As a non-invasive blood testing, the detection of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylation in plasma is raising increasing interest due to its diagnostic and biology applications. Although extensively used in cfDNA methylation analysis, bisulfite sequencing is less cost-effective. Through enriching methylated cfDNA fragments with MeDIP followed by deep sequencing, we aimed to characterize cfDNA methylome in cancer patients. In this study, we investigated the cfDNA methylation patterns in lung cancer patients by MeDIP-seq. MEDIPS package was used for the identification of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between patients and normal ones. Overall, we identified 330 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in gene promoter regions, 33 hypermethylation and 297 hypomethylation respectively, by comparing lung cancer patients and healthy individuals as controls. The 33 hypermethylation regions represent 32 genes. Some of the genes had been previously reported to be associated with lung cancers, such as GAS7, AQP10, HLF, CHRNA9 and HOPX. Taken together, our study provided an alternative method of cfDNA methylation analysis in lung cancer patients with potential clinical applications.
2019-03-31 | E-MTAB-7163 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Nucleosomes are the basic unit of packaging of eukaryotic chromatin, and nucleosome positioning can differ substantially between cell types. Here, we sequence 14.5 billion plasma-borne cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragments (700-fold coverage) to generate genome-wide maps of in vivo nucleosome occupancy. We identify 13 million local maxima of nucleosome protection, spanning 2.53 gigabases (Gb) of the human genome, whose positions and spacings correlate with nuclear architecture, gene structure and gene expression. We further show that short cfDNA fragments - poorly recovered by standard protocols - directly footprint the in vivo occupancy of DNA-bound transcription factors such as CTCF. The sequence composition of cfDNA has previously been used to noninvasively monitor cancer, pregnancy and organ transplantation, but a key limitation of this paradigm is its dependence on genotypic differences to distinguish between contributing tissues. We show that nucleosome spacing in gene bodies and cis-regulatory elements, inferred from cfDNA in healthy individuals, correlates most strongly with transcriptional and epigenetic features of lymphoid and myeloid cells, consistent with hematopoietic cell death as the normal source of cfDNA. We build on this observation to show how in vivo nucleosome footprints can be used to infer the cell types that contribute to circulating cfDNA in pathological states such as cancer. Because it does not rely on genotypic differences, this strategy may enable the noninvasive cfDNA-based monitoring of a much broader set of clinical conditions than is currently possible. Sequencing of cfDNA libraries from healthy individuals, pooled healthy individuals and individuals with disease for the identification of nucleosomes and protection from other DNA binding proteins.
2015-11-04 | E-GEOD-71378 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: Cell free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma has received increasing attention and has been studied in a broad range of clinical conditions implicating inflammation, cancer, and aging. However, few studies have focused on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the cell free form. This study characterized the size distribution and sequence characteristics of plasma cell free mtDNA (cf mtDNA) in humans.Methods and Results: We optimized DNA isolation and next-generation sequencing library preparation protocols to better retain short DNA fragments from plasma, and applied these optimized methods to plasma samples from patients with sepsis. After massive parallel sequencing, we verified that our methods can retain substantially shorter DNA fragments than the standard isolation method, resulting in an average of 11.5 fold increase in short DNA fragments yield (DNA < 100bp). We report that cf mtDNA in plasma is highly enriched in short-size cfDNA (30 ~ 60 bp), which is much shorter than the value previously reported (~140 bp). Motivated by this unique size distribution, we size-selected short cfDNA fragments from the sequencing library, which further increased the mtDNA recovery rate by an average of 10.4 fold. Using this approach we detected mixtures of different mtDNA sequences, termed heteroplasmy, in plasma from 3 patients. In one patient who previously received bone marrow transplantation, different minor allele frequencies were observed between plasma and white blood cells (WBC) at heteroplasmic mtDNA sites, consistent with mixed-tissue origin for plasma DNA.Conclusion: mtDNA in plasma exists as very short fragments that exhibit mtDNA heteroplasmy distribution differences from that found in a single organ/tissue. This study is the first report of genome wide identification of mtDNA heteroplasmy in human plasma. Our optimized method can be used to investigate the potential utility of cf mtDNA fragments and heteroplasmy as biomarkers in various diseases.
2016-05-07 | GSE81178 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. We previously showed that circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and tumor biopsy derived 5-hydroxymethylcytosime (5-hmC) profiles identified patients with neuroblastoma who experienced subsequent relapse. Here, we hypothesized that 5-hmC modifications selectively enriched in cfDNA compared with tumor biopsy samples would identify epigenetic changes associated with aggressive tumor behavior and identify novel biomarkers of outcome in patients with high- risk neuroblastoma. Methods: 5-hmC profiles from cfDNA (n = 64) and tumor biopsies (n = 48) were compared. Two neuroblastoma cell lines underwent chromatin immunopre- cipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-Seq) for H3K27me3, H3K4me3, and H3K27ac; kethoxal-associated single-stranded DNA sequencing; hmC-Seal for 5-hmC; and RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq). Genes enriched for both H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 in the included cell lines were defined as bivalent. Using bivalent genes defined in vitro, a bivalent signature was established in three publicly available cohorts of patients with neuroblastoma through gene set variation analysis. Differences between tumors with high or low bivalent signatures were assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models. Results: In cfDNA compared with tumor biopsy derived 5-hmC profiles, we found in- creased 5-hmC deposition on Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 target genes, a finding previously described in the context of bivalent genes. We identified 313 genes that bore bivalent chromatin marks, were enriched for mediators of neuronal differentiation, and were transcriptionally repressed across a panel of heterogeneous neuroblastoma cell lines. In three distinct clinical cohorts, low bivalent signature was significantly and independently associated with worse clinical outcome in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. Conclusion: Low expression of bivalent genes is a biomarker of worse outcome in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma.
2024-02-01 | GSE212874 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. We previously showed that circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and tumor biopsy derived 5-hydroxymethylcytosime (5-hmC) profiles identified patients with neuroblastoma who experienced subsequent relapse. Here, we hypothesized that 5-hmC modifications selectively enriched in cfDNA compared with tumor biopsy samples would identify epigenetic changes associated with aggressive tumor behavior and identify novel biomarkers of outcome in patients with high- risk neuroblastoma. Methods: 5-hmC profiles from cfDNA (n = 64) and tumor biopsies (n = 48) were compared. Two neuroblastoma cell lines underwent chromatin immunopre- cipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-Seq) for H3K27me3, H3K4me3, and H3K27ac; kethoxal-associated single-stranded DNA sequencing; hmC-Seal for 5-hmC; and RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq). Genes enriched for both H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 in the included cell lines were defined as bivalent. Using bivalent genes defined in vitro, a bivalent signature was established in three publicly available cohorts of patients with neuroblastoma through gene set variation analysis. Differences between tumors with high or low bivalent signatures were assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models. Results: In cfDNA compared with tumor biopsy derived 5-hmC profiles, we found in- creased 5-hmC deposition on Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 target genes, a finding previously described in the context of bivalent genes. We identified 313 genes that bore bivalent chromatin marks, were enriched for mediators of neuronal differentiation, and were transcriptionally repressed across a panel of heterogeneous neuroblastoma cell lines. In three distinct clinical cohorts, low bivalent signature was significantly and independently associated with worse clinical outcome in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. Conclusion: Low expression of bivalent genes is a biomarker of worse outcome in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma.
2024-02-01 | GSE212877 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. We previously showed that circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and tumor biopsy derived 5-hydroxymethylcytosime (5-hmC) profiles identified patients with neuroblastoma who experienced subsequent relapse. Here, we hypothesized that 5-hmC modifications selectively enriched in cfDNA compared with tumor biopsy samples would identify epigenetic changes associated with aggressive tumor behavior and identify novel biomarkers of outcome in patients with high- risk neuroblastoma. Methods: 5-hmC profiles from cfDNA (n = 64) and tumor biopsies (n = 48) were compared. Two neuroblastoma cell lines underwent chromatin immunopre- cipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-Seq) for H3K27me3, H3K4me3, and H3K27ac; kethoxal-associated single-stranded DNA sequencing; hmC-Seal for 5-hmC; and RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq). Genes enriched for both H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 in the included cell lines were defined as bivalent. Using bivalent genes defined in vitro, a bivalent signature was established in three publicly available cohorts of patients with neuroblastoma through gene set variation analysis. Differences between tumors with high or low bivalent signatures were assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models. Results: In cfDNA compared with tumor biopsy derived 5-hmC profiles, we found in- creased 5-hmC deposition on Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 target genes, a finding previously described in the context of bivalent genes. We identified 313 genes that bore bivalent chromatin marks, were enriched for mediators of neuronal differentiation, and were transcriptionally repressed across a panel of heterogeneous neuroblastoma cell lines. In three distinct clinical cohorts, low bivalent signature was significantly and independently associated with worse clinical outcome in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. Conclusion: Low expression of bivalent genes is a biomarker of worse outcome in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma.
2024-02-01 | GSE212882 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. We previously showed that circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and tumor biopsy derived 5-hydroxymethylcytosime (5-hmC) profiles identified patients with neuroblastoma who experienced subsequent relapse. Here, we hypothesized that 5-hmC modifications selectively enriched in cfDNA compared with tumor biopsy samples would identify epigenetic changes associated with aggressive tumor behavior and identify novel biomarkers of outcome in patients with high- risk neuroblastoma. Methods: 5-hmC profiles from cfDNA (n = 64) and tumor biopsies (n = 48) were compared. Two neuroblastoma cell lines underwent chromatin immunopre- cipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-Seq) for H3K27me3, H3K4me3, and H3K27ac; kethoxal-associated single-stranded DNA sequencing; hmC-Seal for 5-hmC; and RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq). Genes enriched for both H3K27me3 and H3K4me3 in the included cell lines were defined as bivalent. Using bivalent genes defined in vitro, a bivalent signature was established in three publicly available cohorts of patients with neuroblastoma through gene set variation analysis. Differences between tumors with high or low bivalent signatures were assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models. Results: In cfDNA compared with tumor biopsy derived 5-hmC profiles, we found in- creased 5-hmC deposition on Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 target genes, a finding previously described in the context of bivalent genes. We identified 313 genes that bore bivalent chromatin marks, were enriched for mediators of neuronal differentiation, and were transcriptionally repressed across a panel of heterogeneous neuroblastoma cell lines. In three distinct clinical cohorts, low bivalent signature was significantly and independently associated with worse clinical outcome in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. Conclusion: Low expression of bivalent genes is a biomarker of worse outcome in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma.
2024-02-01 | GSE212881 | GEO
Project description:We have previously developed an approach that fractionates genomic DNA fragments depending on their CpG density (methyl-CpG-immunoprecipitation, MCIp), and adapted this approach to identify regions that are differentially methylated in the two closely related regulatory T-cells (Treg cells) and conventional T-cells (Tconv cells). Because Treg cells naturally occur at a relatively low frequency, we used a previously established protocol to expand Treg cells from a stable naïve Treg population that is characterized by the co-expression of CD4, CD25 and CD45RA. We separated gDNA of both expanded T cell lineages (Tregexp and Tconvexp) into unmethylated (CpG) and methylated pools (mCpG) using MCIp and compared cell type-specific differences in DNA methylation by co-hybridization of the two umethylated or the two methylated DNA subpopulations of Treg and Tconv, respectively, to these locus-wide custom tiling arrays. As enriched DNA-fragments from a cell type in the methylated fraction should be depleted in the unmethylated fraction, the signal intensities in CpG pool and mCpG pool hybridizations should complement themselves (âMirror-Imageâ approach) and thereby allow the identification of differentially methylated regions (DMR). Because we expected to find lineage-specific methylation differences with greater probability in regions associated with differential transcriptional activity, we limited our analysis to gene loci that showed cell type-specific gene expression in Treg versus Tconv cells plus a handful of control regions that were equally expressed in both cell types. The microarray used in this study covered 12 megabases of the human genome and contained 69 regions (with a median size of 100.000 kb) and 128 proximal promoter regions and 181 genes, which included a number of well known and functionally relevant genes like CD40LG, IFNG, FOXP3, IL2RA and CTLA4. Keywords: MCIp-on-chip; comparative genomic hybridization With MCIp gDNA from Treg or Tconv cells was separated into hypo- and hypermethylated pools. On each array, wheather the two hypomethylated fractions- one from Treg, the other from Tconv cells- or the two hypermethylated fractions were cohybridized. Two biological replicates.
2010-05-18 | E-GEOD-14233 | biostudies-arrayexpress