Project description:This study was performed to determine the effects of dietary fat sources, i.e., beef tallow, soybean oil, olive oil and coconut oil (each 3% in feed), on the growth performance, meat quality and gene expression in growing-finishing pigs. The results of this study indicate that the type of dietary fat affects fatty acid composition and insulin signaling-related gene expression in the longissimus dorsi muscle of pigs. Effects of dietary fat types on meat quantity, meat quality and gene expression in pig.
Project description:Intramuscular (i.m.) fat content influencing consumer’s acceptability of pork is considered as a limiting factor for meat quality. To gain insight into the biological basis of individual variability in i.m. fat content, both gene expression profiling and proteomic investigation were associated in pig longissimus muscle (LM). Keywords: intramuscular fat, gene expression, pigs, proteomics, microarray, pork meat
Project description:This study was performed to determine the effects of dietary fat sources, i.e., beef tallow, soybean oil, olive oil and coconut oil (each 3% in feed), on the growth performance, meat quality and gene expression in growing-finishing pigs. The results of this study indicate that the type of dietary fat affects fatty acid composition and insulin signaling-related gene expression in the longissimus dorsi muscle of pigs.
Project description:Intramuscular (i.m.) fat content influencing consumerâs acceptability of pork is considered as a limiting factor for meat quality. To gain insight into the biological basis of individual variability in i.m. fat content, both gene expression profiling and proteomic investigation were associated in pig longissimus muscle (LM). Keywords: intramuscular fat, gene expression, pigs, proteomics, microarray, pork meat Animals were sampled from a population of 1,000 pigs generated as an F2 intercross between two production sire lines: FH016 (Pietrain type, France Hybrides SA, St Jean de Braye, France) and FH019 (Synthetic line, from Duroc, Hampshire and Large White founders, France Hybrides SA, St Jean de Braye, France).
Project description:Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is an important trait closely correlated with meat quality, which is highly variable among swine breeds from diverse genetic backgrounds. In order to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying porcine meat quality, we adopted RNA-sequencing to detect transcriptome in the longissimus dorsi muscle of Wei pigs (a Chinese indigenous breed) and Yorkshire pigs (a Western lean-type breed) with different IMF content. A total of 717 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in our study, with 323 up-regulated and 394 down-regulated genes in Wei pigs compared with Yorkshire pigs. GO analysis showed that DEGs significantly related to muscle proliferation and development, lipid storage and catabolic, extracellular matrix structural constituent, and neutral amino acid transmembrane transporter activity. Pathway analysis revealed that DEGs associated with fatty acid metabolism, steroid biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, protein digestion and absorption, and amino acid metabolism. Quantitative real time PCR confirmed the differential expression of 11 selected DEGs from both pig breeds. The results provide useful information to investigate the transcriptional profiling in skeletal muscle of different pig breeds with divergent phenotypes, and several DEGs can be taken as functional candidate genes for affecting pork quality.
Project description:In pigs, most of the lipogenic activity takes place in liver and the adipose tissue. Moreover, liver is responsible for the production and release of lipoproteins, which transports lipids from the liver to target tissues such as adipose and muscle. In the context of animal production, the amount and composition of lipoprotein have an implication in the accumulation of fat in adipose deposits but also in muscle in the form or intramuscular fat. These two events have consequences in the quality of the carcasses and meat. We have measured the level of liver gene expression in 104 commercial Duroc pigs belonging to two groups with extreme phenotypes for traits strongly related with lipid deposition and composition. This has allowed us to compare the physiological and metabolic implications of selecting for each of these extreme groups. This information has been complemented with genome-wide genotyping data in order to describe the implication of the liver transcriptome in the production traits which encompass the production and marketing of the products with consumer and industry-relevant added-value characteristics. 104 liver samples form pigs belonging to two groups of animals: HIGH group (n=53) had higher carcass, plasma and muscle fat content; LOW group (n=51) had lower carcass, plasma and muscle fat content
Project description:Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is the determining factor for meat taste. To reveal the genetic basis of IMF content, genetic studies have made some progress in lean-type pig breeds, but fewer studies have been conducted in Chinese fat-type pigs. The Luchuan pig is a fat-type local breed in southern China that is famous for its desirable meat quality. In the present study, we measured the IMF content for 265 crossed pigs of Duroc x Luchuan pigs, from which individuals with extremely high (6.03% ± 0.58%, n = 12) and low (1.67% ± 0.42%, n = 12) IMF contents were selected to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to IMF content in the longissimus dorsi. RNA sequencing for 24 samples in total identified 312 differentially expressed transcripts that were significantly enriched in triglyceride biosynthesis- and metabolism-related processes (p-value ≤ 0.05 and fold change ≥ 1.5). Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the PPAR signaling pathway was the most significantly enriched pathway (p-value = 0.024, represented by ADIPOQ, FABP3, FABP4, LPL, PLIN4 and SCD). When a more stringent condition was applied (gene-based q-value ≤ 0.2 and fold change ≥ 1.5), only 17 transcripts remained to be differentially expressed, including LEP, ATP6V1F, SDR16C5, TUSC5, MPZ, PRX, PTPN4, BEX1, MVB12B, ZFP62, P4HA2, IDH2, THOC7, KRT14, FCGRT, MYPN and LPL. Among these DEGs, TUSC5 was significantly upregulated in the group of high IMF contents (log2FC = 1.114, p-value = 3.02E-5) and was suspected as a strong new candidate gene affecting porcine IMF content since it was the target gene of PPAR-gamma. The present study provided new data and candidate genes for the genetic study of porcine IMF content.
Project description:Meat quality is one of the most important traits in pig production. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been involved in diverse biological processes such as muscle development through regulating gene expression. However, studies on lncRNAs lag behind and a comparatively small number of lncRNAs have been identified in pigs. Also, effects of lncRNAs on meat quality remains to be characterized. Here, we analyzed lncRNAs in longissimus thoracis (LT) and semitendinosus (ST) muscles, being different in meat quality, with RNA-sequencing technology. A total of 500 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) and 2094 protein-coding genes (DEGs) were identified. Through KEGG analysis on DELs we first made clear that fat deposition might be the main reason resulting in differential phenotype of LT and ST, on the basis of which 41 key DELs and 50 DEGs involved in differential fat deposition were characterized. One of the key genes, cAMP-response element binding protein 1, was selected to confirm its role in porcine adipogenesis with molecular biology methods and found that it promotes the differentiation of porcine preadipocytes, consistent with its higher expression level and intramuscular fat contents in LT than that in ST muscle. Furthermore, through integrated analysis of DELs and DEGs, transcription factors important for differential fat deposition were characterized among which BCL6 have the most target DEGs while MEF2A was targeted by the most DELs. The results provide candidate genes crucial for meat quality, which will contribute to revealing the molecular mechanisms underlying meat quality
Project description:In pigs, most of the lipogenic activity takes place in liver and the adipose tissue. Moreover, liver is responsible for the production and release of lipoproteins, which transports lipids from the liver to target tissues such as adipose and muscle. In the context of animal production, the amount and composition of lipoprotein have an implication in the accumulation of fat in adipose deposits but also in muscle in the form or intramuscular fat. These two events have consequences in the quality of the carcasses and meat. We have measured the level of liver gene expression in 104 commercial Duroc pigs belonging to two groups with extreme phenotypes for traits strongly related with lipid deposition and composition. This has allowed us to compare the physiological and metabolic implications of selecting for each of these extreme groups. This information has been complemented with genome-wide genotyping data in order to describe the implication of the liver transcriptome in the production traits which encompass the production and marketing of the products with consumer and industry-relevant added-value characteristics.