Project description:This track shows probable locations of the specified histone modifications in the given cell types as determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high throughput sequencing (ChIP-Seq). Each experiment is associated with an input signal, which represents the control condition where immunoprecipitation with non-specific immunoglobulin was performed in the same cell type. For each experiment (cell type vs. antibody) this track shows a graph of enrichment for histone modification (Signal), along with sites that have the greatest evidence of histone modification, as identified by the PeakSeq algorithm (Peaks). For data usage terms and conditions, please refer to http://www.genome.gov/27528022 and http://www.genome.gov/Pages/Research/ENCODE/ENCODEDataReleasePolicyFinal2008.pdf Cells were grown according to the approved ENCODE cell culture protocols. For details on the chromatin immunoprecipitation protocol used, see Euskirchen et. al., (2007), Rozowsky et. al. (2009) and Auerbach et. al. (2009). DNA recovered from the precipitated chromatin was sequenced on the Illumina (Solexa) sequencing platform and mapped to the genome using the Eland alignment program. ChIP-seq data was scored based on sequence reads (length ~30 bps) that align uniquely to the human genome. From the mapped tags a signal map of ChIP DNA fragments (average fragment length ~ 200 bp) was constructed where the signal height is the number of overlapping fragments at each nucleotide position in the genome. For each 1 Mb segment of each chromosome, a peak height threshold was determined by requiring a false discovery rate <= 0.01 when comparing the number of peaks above said threshold to the number of peaks obtained from multiple simulations of a random null background with the same number of mapped reads (also accounting for the fraction of mapable bases for sequence tags in that 1 Mb segment). The number of mapped tags in a putative binding region is compared to the normalized (normalized by correlating tag counts in genomic 10 kb windows) number of mapped tags in the same region from an input DNA control. Using a binomial test, only regions that have a p-value <= 0.01 are considered to be significantly enriched compared to the input DNA control.

Project description:The tracks show enrichment of RNA sequence tags generated by high throughput sequencing (RNA-seq) and mapped to the human genome. Double stranded cDNA was synthesized from polyadenylated RNA (polyA+) . PCR amplified, adapter ligated cDNA, 150-300nt long, was sequenced on an Illumina GA sequencer. Where designated, cell lines received specific treatments prior to RNA isolation. As indicated, K562 cells were treated with either interferon-a or interferon-g for 30 minutes or 6 hours. These experiments were carried out in conjunction with ChIP-Seq experiments on the transcription factors STAT1 and STAT2 in order to examine the effects that inducers of a specific transcriptional response might have on gene expression and on transcription factor binding site discovery. K562 cells were treated with a-amanitin in order to examine the effects of RNA polymerase II inhibition on RNA polymerase III-mediated transcription. This track shows expression data generated as confirmation of the SYDH TFBS (http://genome-preview.ucsc.edu/cgi-bin/hgTrackUi?db=hg19&g=wgEncodeSydhTfbs) tracks currently available on genome-preview. For data usage terms and conditions, please refer to http://www.genome.gov/27528022 and http://www.genome.gov/Pages/Research/ENCODE/ENCODEDataReleasePolicyFinal2008.pdf Cells were grown according to the approved ENCODE cell culture protocols (http://hgwdev.cse.ucsc.edu/ENCODE/protocols/cell). Total RNA was extracted using TRIzol reagents (15596-018, Life Tech), following the manufacturer's protocol. For polyA+ samples, polyadenylated RNA was purified using the MicroPoly(A) Purist kit (AM1919, Life Tech) and fragmented using RNA Fragmentation Reagent (AM8740, Life Tech). Illumina adapters were ligated to double stranded cDNA which was synthesized using reagents from Life Tech (11917-010). PCR amplified adapter ligated cDNA (150-300 bp) was sequenced using Illumina GA. Sequence reads of 27-33nt long with 0-2 mismatches were mapped to the genome. The signal height corresponds to the number of overlapping fragments at each nucleotide position in the genome. Samples originally mapped to the hg18 version of the human genome were remapped to hg19 using the BWA aligner, version 0.5.7.

Project description:This data was generated by ENCODE. If you have questions about the data, contact the submitting laboratory directly (Philip Cayting mailto:pcayting@stanford.edu). If you have questions about the Genome Browser track associated with this data, contact ENCODE (mailto:genome@soe.ucsc.edu). This track shows probable binding sites of the specified transcription factors (TFs) in the given cell types as determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq). Each experiment is associated with an input signal, which represents the control condition where immunoprecipitation with non-specific immunoglobulin was performed in the same cell type. For each experiment (cell type vs. antibody) this track shows a graph of enrichment for TF binding (Signal), along with sites that have the greatest evidence of transcription factor binding, as identified by the PeakSeq algorithm (Peaks). The sequence reads, quality scores, and alignment coordinates from these experiments are available for download. For data usage terms and conditions, please refer to http://www.genome.gov/27528022 and http://www.genome.gov/Pages/Research/ENCODE/ENCODEDataReleasePolicyFinal2008.pdf Cells were grown according to the approved ENCODE cell culture protocols (http://hgwdev.cse.ucsc.edu/ENCODE/protocols/cell/mouse). For details on the chromatin immunoprecipitation protocol used, see Euskirchen et. al., (2007), Rozowsky et. al. (2009) and Auerbach et. al. (2009). DNA recovered from the precipitated chromatin was sequenced on the Illumina (Solexa) sequencing platform and mapped to the genome using the Eland alignment program. ChIP-seq data was scored based on sequence reads (length ~30 bps) that align uniquely to the human genome. From the mapped tags, a signal map of ChIP DNA fragments (average fragment length ~ 200 bp) was constructed where the signal height is the number of overlapping fragments at each nucleotide position in the genome. Reads were pooled from all submitted replicates to generate the Peak and Signal files. Per-replicate aligments and sequences are available for download at downloads page (http://hgdownload.cse.ucsc.edu/goldenPath/mm9/encodeDCC/wgEncodeSydhTfbs/). For each 1 Mb segment of each chromosome, a peak height threshold was determined by requiring a false discovery rate <= 0.01 when comparing the number of peaks above said threshold to the number of peaks obtained from multiple simulations of a random null background with the same number of mapped reads (also accounting for the fraction of mapable bases for sequence tags in that 1 Mb segment). The number of mapped tags in a putative binding region is compared to the normalized (normalized by correlating tag counts in genomic 10 kb windows) number of mapped tags in the same region from an input DNA control. Using a binomial test, only regions that have a p-value = 0.01 are considered to be significantly enriched compared to the input DNA control.

Project description:This data was generated by ENCODE. If you have questions about the data, contact the submitting laboratory directly (Philip Cayting mailto:pcayting@stanford.edu). If you have questions about the Genome Browser track associated with this data, contact ENCODE (mailto:genome@soe.ucsc.edu). This track shows probable binding sites of the specified transcription factors (TFs) in the given cell types as determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high throughput sequencing (ChIP-Seq). Included for each cell type is the input signal, which represents the control condition where no antibody targeting was performed. For each experiment (cell type vs. antibody) this track shows a graph of enrichment for TF binding (Signal), along with sites that have the greatest evidence of transcription factor binding (Peaks). For data usage terms and conditions, please refer to http://www.genome.gov/27528022 and http://www.genome.gov/Pages/Research/ENCODE/ENCODEDataReleasePolicyFinal2008.pdf Cells were grown according to the approved ENCODE cell culture protocols. Further preparations were similar to those previously published (Euskirchen et al., 2007) with the exceptions that the cells were unstimulated and sodium orthovanadate was omitted from the buffers. For details on the chromatin immunoprecipitation protocol used, see Euskirchen et al. (2007) and Rozowsky et al. (2009). DNA recovered from the precipitated chromatin was sequenced on the Illumina (Solexa) sequencing platform and mapped to the genome using the Eland alignment program. ChIP-seq data was scored based on sequence reads (length ~30 bps) that align uniquely to the human genome. From the mapped tags a signal map of ChIP DNA fragments (average fragment length ~ 200 bp) was constructed where the signal height is the number of overlapping fragments at each nucleotide position in the genome. For each 1 Mb segment of each chromosome a peak height threshold was determined by requiring a false discovery rate <= 0.05 when comparing the number of peaks above threshold as compared the number obtained from multiple simulations of a random null background with the same number of mapped reads (also accounting for the fraction of mapable bases for sequence tags in that 1 Mb segment). The number of mapped tags in a putative binding region is compared to the normalized (normalized by correlating tag counts in genomic 10 kb windows) number of mapped tags in the same region from an input DNA control. Using a binomial test, only regions that have a p-value <= 0.05 are considered to be significantly enriched compared to the input DNA control.

Project description:This data was generated by ENCODE. If you have questions about the data, contact the submitting laboratory directly (Peggy Farnham mailto:pfarnham@usc.edu for questions concerning data collection and usage and Philip Cayting mailto:pcayting@stanford.edu for data scoring and submission inquiries). If you have questions about the Genome Browser track associated with this data, contact ENCODE (mailto:genome@soe.ucsc.edu). This track, produced as part of the ENCODE Project, displays maps of histone modifications genome-wide using ChIP-seq in different cell lines. The ChIP-seq method involves first using formaldehyde to cross-link histones and other DNA-associated proteins to genomic DNA within cells. The cross-linked chromatin is subsequently extracted, sheared, and immunoprecipitated using specific antibodies. After reversal of cross-links, the immunoprecipitated DNA is sequenced and mapped to the human reference genome. The relative enrichment of each antibody-target (epitope) across the genome is inferred from the density of mapped fragments. Chemical modifications (e.g. methylation or acetylation) of the histone proteins present in chromatin influence gene expression by changing how accessible the chromatin is to transcription factors. Shown for each experiment (defined as a particular antibody and a particular cell type) is a track of enrichment for the specifically modified histone (Signal), along with sites that have the greatest enrichment (Peaks). Also included for each cell type is the input signal, which represents the control condition where no antibody targeting was performed. In general the following chemical modifications have associated genetic phenotypes: H3K4me3 and H3K9Ac are considered to be marks of active or potentially active promoter regions. H3K4me1 and H3K27Ac are considered to be marks of active or potentially active enhancer regions. H3K36me3 and H3K79me2 are considered to be marks of transcriptional elongation. H3K27me3 and H3K9me3 are considered to be marks of inactive regions. For data usage terms and conditions, please refer to http://www.genome.gov/27528022 and http://www.genome.gov/Pages/Research/ENCODE/ENCODEDataReleasePolicyFinal2008.pdf Cells were grown according to the approved ENCODE cell culture protocols. Briefly, cells were crosslinked, chromatin was extracted and sonicated using a Bioruptor sonicator (Diagenode) to an average size of 300-500bp, and individual ChIP assays were performed using antibodies to modified histones. For the K562 and Ntera2 histone ChIP-seq samples, immunoprecipitates were collected using protein G-coupled magnetic beads; a detailed ChIP and library protocol can be found at http://www.roadmapepigenomics.org/protocols. For the U2OS histone ChIP-seq samples, immunoprecipitates were collected using StaphA cells; a detailed protocol can be found at http://expression.genomecenter.ucdavis.edu/chip.html. Library DNA was quantitated using either a Nanodrop or a BioAnalyzer and sequenced on an Illumina GA2. The sequencing reads were mapped to the genome using the Eland alignment program. ChIP-seq data was scored based on sequence reads (length ~30 bps) that align uniquely to the human genome. From the mapped tags, a signal map of ChIP DNA fragments (average fragment length ~ 200 bp) was constructed where the signal height is the number of overlapping fragments at each nucleotide position in the genome. For each 1 Mb segment of each chromosome, a peak height threshold was determined by requiring a false discovery rate <= 0.05 when comparing the number of peaks above threshold as compared to the number obtained from multiple simulations of a random null background with the same number of mapped reads (also accounting for the fraction of mapable bases for sequence tags in that 1 Mb segment). The number of mapped tags in a putative binding region is compared to the normalized (normalized by correlating tag counts in genomic 10 kb windows) number of mapped tags in the same region from an input DNA control. Using a binomial test, only regions that have a p-value <= 0.05 are considered to be significantly enriched compared to the input DNA control.

Dataset Information

ENCODE Spike-In, Yale Group

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