Genome-wide small RNAs analysis of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infected cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Human alphaherpesvirus 1 Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE102470 | GEO | 2017/08/10
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA397789
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The goal of this study was to compare the whole transcriptional profile (RNA-seq) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infected and mock infected human fibroblast KMB17 strain at 48 hours post infection.There is increasing evidence that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in diverse pathogenesis processes; however, their roles in virus infection remain unclear. Here, we profiled global changes of circRNAs, genes and microRNA (miRNAs) under herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection by RNA-seq. Numerous dysregulated transcripts comprised of 536 circRNAs, 3,885 genes and 207 miRNAs were found during viral infection. The dysregulated genes were enriched to NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, Jak-STAT signaling pathway and pathways of apoptosis, cell cycle progression and cell death, all of which may be implicated in viral pathogenesis and cellular immunity. Further integration analysis of circRNAs, genes and miRNAs reveals putative involvement of circRNAs in viral pathogenesis and antiviral immunity by circRNA-miRNA-gene regulatory axis. This work provides a comprehensive view for dysregulated circRNAs induced by HSV-1 and their interplay with miRNAs and genes, thus offering new insights into the mechanisms of interactions between HSV-1 and its host.
2017-09-13 | GSE103763 | GEO
Project description:Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a 152 Kb double stranded DNA alpha-herpesvirus, which establishes long life latent infection in sensory neurons. Most of our knowledge regarding HSV-1 latency comes from in vivo studies using small animal models, mainly rodents and rabbits, which are not naturally infected by HSV-1. Furthermore, these animal models do not fully recapitulate the species specific effects of human HSV-1 infection. Human cellular models utilize trigeminal ganglia removed from cadavers or, alternatively, neuron-like cells derived from cancerous cell lines that do not fully reflect effects on normal human neurons. This limitation poses the need to develop an in vitromodel to investigate molecular details of the mechanisms underlying quiescence and reactivation in human neurons. Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) celltechnologies offer an unprecedented opportunity to generate unlimited supplies of neurons and the facility to manipulate such cells in vitro. In this study, we developed an in vitro HSV-1 infection model in human iPS-derived neurons, which displays the main hallmarks of latency defined in animal models and in humans. Our results show for the first time that: i) persistent infection cannot be established in neural progenitor cells (NPCs); ii) the ability of HSV-1 to establish persistent infection is extended to glutamatergic neurons, and not limited to sensory neurons; iii) in neuronal cultures persistently infected with HSV-1, viral genome is localized at the nuclear periphery; iv) HSV-1 acute infection reduces RNA editing at the GluRB site. These results highlight the importance of iPS-based platforms to elucidate unknown aspects of HSV-1 quiescence in human neurons. NPCs were 70-80% confluence
2014-05-02 | E-GEOD-46042 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The overall goal of the study was to use in vivo data combined with functional genomics to define gene expression signatures representative of a spectrum of HSV CNS infections. Innate immune deficiencies result in a spectrum of severe clinical outcomes following infection. In particular, there is a strong association between loss of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) pathway, breach of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and virus-induced neuropathology. The gene signatures that characterize resistance, disease, and mortality in the virus-infected nervous system have not been defined. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is commonly associated with encephalitis in humans, and humans and mice lacking Stat1 display increased susceptibility to HSV central nervous system (CNS) infections. In this study, two HSV-1 strains were used, KOS (wild type [WT]), and Δvhs, an avirulent recombinant lacking the virion host shutoff (vhs) function. In addition, two mouse strains were used: strain 129 (control) and a Stat1-deficient (Stat1(-/-)) strain. Using combinations of these virus and mouse strains, we established a model of infection resulting in three different outcomes: viral clearance without neurological disease (Δvhs infection of control mice), neurological disease followed by viral clearance (Δvhs infection of Stat1(-/-) mice and WT infection of control mice), or neurological disease followed by death (WT infection of Stat1(-/-) mice). Through the use of functional genomics on the infected brain stem and liver, we determined gene signatures that were representative of the three infection outcomes. Gender matched, 6- to 8- week old immunocompetent, control 129S6 and 129S6 Stat1 knockout mice were infected corneally with 2x10^6 PFU of either wild type HSV-1, a vhs-null HSV virus, or mock-infected. Brain stems and liver of individual mice were isolated at days 1, 3, 5 and 7 post-inoculation for microarray analysis. For microarray analysis, samples were collected from n=2 animals (1 male, 1 female) per mouse strain and virus strain for each time point. Equal masses of tissue were pooled from two mock-infected mice per time point and run on microarray.
2012-02-21 | E-GEOD-35943 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Chronic viral infections are difficult to treat and new approaches, particularly those involving enhancing immune responses are needed. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) establishes latency, reactivates frequently, and breakthrough reactivation can occur despite suppressive antiviral therapy. Virus-specific T cells are important to control HSV, and activated T cells require increased metabolism of glutamine for their proliferation. We found that treatment of HSV-1 latently infected mice and HSV-2 infected guinea pigs with supplemental oral glutamine reduced virus reactivation. Transcriptome analysis of mice treated with glutamine showed that several interferon (IFN)-γ inducible genes were upregulated. Unlike wild-type mice, supplemental glutamine was ineffective in reducing the rate of HSV-1 reactivation in IFN-γ knock-out mice. Mice treated with glutamine had higher numbers of HSV-specific IFN-γ producing CD8 T cells in latently infected ganglia. Thus, glutamine may enhance the IFN-γ-associated immune response and reduce the rate of reactivation of latent virus infection.
2017-08-30 | GSE95715 | GEO
Project description:Chronic viral infections are difficult to treat and new approaches, particularly those involving enhancing immune responses are needed. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) establishes latency, reactivates frequently, and breakthrough reactivation can occur despite suppressive antiviral therapy. Virus-specific T cells are important to control HSV, and activated T cells require increased metabolism of glutamine for their proliferation. We found that treatment of HSV-1 latently infected mice and HSV-2 infected guinea pigs with supplemental oral glutamine reduced virus reactivation. Transcriptome analysis of mice treated with glutamine showed that several interferon (IFN)-γ inducible genes were upregulated. Unlike wild-type mice, supplemental glutamine was ineffective in reducing the rate of HSV-1 reactivation in IFN-γ knock-out mice. Mice treated with glutamine had higher numbers of HSV-specific IFN-γ producing CD8 T cells in latently infected ganglia. Thus, glutamine may enhance the IFN-γ-associated immune response and reduce the rate of reactivation of latent virus infection.
2017-08-30 | GSE95714 | GEO
Project description:Chronic viral infections are difficult to treat and new approaches, particularly those involving enhancing immune responses are needed. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) establishes latency, reactivates frequently, and breakthrough reactivation can occur despite suppressive antiviral therapy. Virus-specific T cells are important to control HSV, and activated T cells require increased metabolism of glutamine for their proliferation. We found that treatment of HSV-1 latently infected mice and HSV-2 infected guinea pigs with supplemental oral glutamine reduced virus reactivation. Transcriptome analysis of mice treated with glutamine showed that several interferon (IFN)-γ inducible genes were upregulated. Unlike wild-type mice, supplemental glutamine was ineffective in reducing the rate of HSV-1 reactivation in IFN-γ knock-out mice. Mice treated with glutamine had higher numbers of HSV-specific IFN-γ producing CD8 T cells in latently infected ganglia. Thus, glutamine may enhance the IFN-γ-associated immune response and reduce the rate of reactivation of latent virus infection.
2017-08-30 | GSE95713 | GEO
Project description:Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a 152 Kb double stranded DNA alpha-herpesvirus, which establishes long life latent infection in sensory neurons. Most of our knowledge regarding HSV-1 latency comes from in vivo studies using small animal models, mainly rodents and rabbits, which are not naturally infected by HSV-1. Furthermore, these animal models do not fully recapitulate the species specific effects of human HSV-1 infection. Human cellular models utilize trigeminal ganglia removed from cadavers or, alternatively, neuron-like cells derived from cancerous cell lines that do not fully reflect effects on normal human neurons. This limitation poses the need to develop an in vitro model to investigate molecular details of the mechanisms underlying latency and reactivation in human neurons. Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell technologies offer an unprecedented opportunity to generate unlimited supplies of neurons and the facility to manipulate such cells in vitro. In this study, we developed an in vitro HSV-1 infection model in human iPS-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and neurons, which displays the main hallmarks of latency defined in animal models and in humans. Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells were generated from human skin biopsy samples
2014-05-02 | E-GEOD-46041 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) lytic infection results in global changes to the host cell proteome and the proteins associated with host chromatin. We present a system level characterization of proteome dynamics during infection by performing a multi-dimensional analysis during HSV-1 lytic infection of human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cells. Our study includes identification and quantification of the host and viral proteomes, phosphoproteomes, chromatin bound proteomes and post-translational modifications (PTMs) on cellular histones during infection. We analyzed proteomes across six time points of virus infection (0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 hours post-infection) and clustered trends in abundance using fuzzy c-means. Globally, we accurately quantified more than 4,000 proteins, 200 differently modified histone peptides and 9,000 phosphorylation sites on cellular proteins. In addition, we identified 67 viral proteins and quantified 571 phosphorylation events (465 with high confidence site localization) on viral proteins, which is currently the most comprehensive map of HSV-1 phosphoproteome. We investigated chromatin bound proteins by proteomic analysis of the high-salt chromatin fraction and identified 510 proteins that were significantly different in abundance during infection. We found 53 histone marks significantly regulated during virus infection, including a steady increase of histone H3 acetylation (H3K9ac and H3K14ac). Our data provide a resource of unprecedented depth for human and viral proteome dynamics during infection. Collectively, our results indicate that the proteome composition of the chromatin of HFF cells is highly affected during HSV-1 infection, and that phosphorylation events are abundant on viral proteins. We propose that our epi-proteomics approach will prove to be important in the characterization of other model infectious systems that involve changes to chromatin composition.
2017-02-10 | PXD005467 | Pride
Project description:Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a 152 Kb double stranded DNA alpha-herpesvirus, which establishes long life latent infection in sensory neurons. Most of our knowledge regarding HSV-1 latency comes from in vivo studies using small animal models, mainly rodents and rabbits, which are not naturally infected by HSV-1. Furthermore, these animal models do not fully recapitulate the species specific effects of human HSV-1 infection. Human cellular models utilize trigeminal ganglia removed from cadavers or, alternatively, neuron-like cells derived from cancerous cell lines that do not fully reflect effects on normal human neurons. This limitation poses the need to develop an in vitromodel to investigate molecular details of the mechanisms underlying quiescence and reactivation in human neurons. Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) celltechnologies offer an unprecedented opportunity to generate unlimited supplies of neurons and the facility to manipulate such cells in vitro. In this study, we developed an in vitro HSV-1 infection model in human iPS-derived neurons, which displays the main hallmarks of latency defined in animal models and in humans. Our results show for the first time that: i) persistent infection cannot be established in neural progenitor cells (NPCs); ii) the ability of HSV-1 to establish persistent infection is extended to glutamatergic neurons, and not limited to sensory neurons; iii) in neuronal cultures persistently infected with HSV-1, viral genome is localized at the nuclear periphery; iv) HSV-1 acute infection reduces RNA editing at the GluRB site. These results highlight the importance of iPS-based platforms to elucidate unknown aspects of HSV-1 quiescence in human neurons.
2014-05-02 | GSE46042 | GEO
Project description:Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a 152 Kb double stranded DNA alpha-herpesvirus, which establishes long life latent infection in sensory neurons. Most of our knowledge regarding HSV-1 latency comes from in vivo studies using small animal models, mainly rodents and rabbits, which are not naturally infected by HSV-1. Furthermore, these animal models do not fully recapitulate the species specific effects of human HSV-1 infection. Human cellular models utilize trigeminal ganglia removed from cadavers or, alternatively, neuron-like cells derived from cancerous cell lines that do not fully reflect effects on normal human neurons. This limitation poses the need to develop an in vitro model to investigate molecular details of the mechanisms underlying latency and reactivation in human neurons. Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell technologies offer an unprecedented opportunity to generate unlimited supplies of neurons and the facility to manipulate such cells in vitro. In this study, we developed an in vitro HSV-1 infection model in human iPS-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and neurons, which displays the main hallmarks of latency defined in animal models and in humans.
2014-05-02 | GSE46041 | GEO