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Single cell transcriptomic profiling of pluripotent stem cell-derived SCGB3A2+ airway epithelium reveals fate plasticity* - Fluidigm C1: bronchospheres day 27*

ABSTRACT: Many lung diseases involve alterations in the cellular identity of the lung epithelium. Improved insight into airway development and the changes to cellular identity that result from abnormal signaling may therefore improve understanding of the etiology of these complex diseases. We have previously described a protocol to generate epithelial airway spheres from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), but still poorly understand the identity, development, and heterogeneity of these early airway cells. Here we use novel murine and human PSC lines to study developing secretory cells derived in vitro from hPSCs. Using an SCGB3A2CherryPicker (SC) reporter system together with population-based or single-cell global transcriptomic profiling we track, purify, and analyze hPSC-derived putative secretory airway progenitors and find that SC+ cells are enriched for expression of airway epithelial markers, including secretory cell markers, SCGB3A2 and SCGB1A1. Unexpectedly, some SC+ human cells also co-express distal type 2 cell genes, including SFTPC, ABCA3, NAPSA, CTSH and functional lamellar bodies, suggesting a significant level of plasticity within the hPSC-derived secretory population relative to concurrently generated proximal airway TP63+ cells or distal alveolar SFTPC+ cells. We establish that this plasticity is minimized by inhibiting low levels of endogenous canonical Wnt signaling post-lung specification, thus depleting the co-expressed type 2 cell program. Taken together, these findings suggest that, similar to in vivo mouse genetic models and diseased human lungs, hPSC-derived airway cells exhibit cellular plasticity in response to signaling cues, providing a human model system in which to study cellular identity in a disease-relevant context.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE103919 | GEO | 2018/02/28

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Human pancreatic stellate cells (HPSCs) are an essential stromal component and are the mediators of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) progression. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are membrane-enclosed nanoparticles released from stellate cells adjacent to the PDAC. sEVs are believed to play a key role in cell-cell communications and may play a critical role in disease progression. The role of membrane proteins of HPSC sEVs in the PDAC tumor microenvironment is unclear and to date, there has not been a quantitative proteomic comparison of sEVs from normal pancreatic stellate cells (HPaStec) and from PDAC-associated stellate cells (HPSCs). We hypothesized there would be differences in sEVs secretion and membrane protein expression between the 2 conditions that might contribute to PDAC biology. To test these hypotheses, we isolated sEVs using ultracentrifugation followed by characterization by electron microscopy and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis. HPSCs secreted more sEVs compared to HPaStec, and these sEVs were enriched with exosomal markers, which was confirmed by Western blotting and flow cytometry. HPSC-sEVs also restore the activation of normal stellate cells. Next, we showed that intact membrane-associated proteins may be essential for sufficient uptake of stellate cell sEVs by both normal epithelial and cancer cells. Importantly, we demonstrated that stellate cells in general modulate the cellular proliferations of pancreatic cancer cells although stellate cell sEVs did not change the proliferation of cancer cells. We then compared sEV proteins isolated from HPSCs and HPaStecs cells using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Most of the 1,481 protein groups identified were shared with the exosome database, ExoCarta (http://exocarta.org/; curated by the Mathivanan Lab). Eighty-seven protein groups were differentially expressed (selected by 2-fold difference and adjusted P value ≤ 0.05) between HPSC and HPaStec sEVs. HPSC sEVs contained dramatically more CSE1L, a poor prognostic marker for pancreatic cancer. In conclusion, our findings using mass spectrometry–based proteomics may direct further studies to understand the biology and role of protein composition of HPSC sEVs in PDAC progression or to develop novel strategies based on delivery of exosome cargo to PDAC tumor cells.

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Single cell transcriptomic profiling of pluripotent stem cell-derived SCGB3A2+ airway epithelium reveals fate plasticity* - Fluidigm C1: bronchospheres day 27*

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