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Malignant rhabdoid tumors originating within and outside the central nervous system are clinically and molecularly heterogeneous

ABSTRACT: Multifocal synchronous or metachronous central nervous system (CNS) and extra-CNS malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRTs) are rare and deadly cancers. To further understand these cancers, we performed genome-wide DNA methylation and CNA analysis in 27 tumors (16 of which were paired samples). 26 samples were newly generated and one sample was from a previously published cohort of MRTs. We compared our results with the previously published reference group of 150 atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors. We showed that that CNS and extra-CNS MRTs for the most part clustered in distinct methylation groups and had heterogeneous molecular characteristics.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE107946 | GEO | 2017/12/12

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA421983

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Mammalian SWI/SNF-related complexes have been implicated in cancer based on some of the subunits physically interacting with RB and other proteins involved in carcinogenesis. Additionally, several subunits are mutated or not expressed in tumor-derived cell lines. Strong evidence for a role in tumorigenesis in vivo, however, has been limited to SNF5 mutations that result primarily in malignant rhabdoid tumors (MRTs) in humans and MRTs as well as other sarcomas in mice. We previously generated a null mutation of the Brg1 catalytic subunit in the mouse and reported that homozygotes die during embryogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that Brg1 heterozygotes are susceptible to mammary tumors that are fundamentally different than Snf5 tumors. First, mammary tumors are carcinomas not sarcomas. Second, Brg1+/- tumors arise because of haploinsufficiency rather than loss of heterozygosity (LOH). Third, Brg1+/- tumors exhibit genomic instability but not polyploidy based on array CGH results. We monitored Brg1+/-, Brm-/- double-mutant mice but did not observe any tumors resembling those from Snf5 mutants, indicating that the Brg1+/- and Snf5+/- tumor phenotypes do not differ simply because Brg1 has a closely related paralog whereas Snf5 does not. These findings demonstrate that BRG1 and SNF5 are not functionally equivalent but protect against cancer in different ways. We also demonstrate that Brg1+/- mammary tumors have relatively heterogeneous gene expression profiles with similarities and differences compared to other mouse models of breast cancer. The Brg1+/- expression profiles are not particularly similar to mammary tumors from Wap-T121 transgenic line where RB is perturbed. We were also unable to detect a genetic interaction between the Brg1+/- and Rb+/- tumor phenotypes. These latter findings do not support a BRG1-RB interaction in vivo. Experiment Overall Design: 14 microarrays consisting of 12 unique Brg1+/- murine mammary Experiment Overall Design: tumors

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Malignant rhabdoid tumors originating within and outside the central nervous system are clinically and molecularly heterogeneous

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