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Casein Kinase 2 Mediated Phosphorylation of Spt6 Modulates Histone dynamics and Regulates Spurious Transcription (RNA-Seq)

ABSTRACT: CK2 is an essential protein kinase implicated in various cellular processes. In this study, we address a potential role of this kinase in chromatin modulations associated with transcription. We found that CK2 depletion from yeast cells leads to replication-independent increase of histone H3K56 acetylation and global activation of H3 turnover in coding regions. This suggests a positive role of CK2 in maintenance/recycling of the histone H3/H4 tetramers during transcription. Interestingly, strand-specific RNA-seq analyses show that CK2 inhibits global cryptic promoters driving both sense and antisense transcription. This further indicates a role of CK2 in the modulation of chromatin during transcription. Next, we showed that CK2 interacts with the major histone chaperone Spt6, and phosphorylates it in vivo and in vitro. CK2 phosphorylation of Spt6 is required for its cellular levels, for the suppression of histone H3 turnover and for the inhibition of spurious transcription. Finally, we show that CK2 and Spt6 phosphorylation sites are important to various transcriptional responses suggesting that cryptic intragenic and antisense transcript production may have an impact on cell adaptation to environmental cues. Altogether, our data indicate that CK2 mediated phosphorylation of Spt6 regulates chromatin dynamics associated with transcription, and prevents aberrant transcription.

ORGANISM(S): Saccharomyces cerevisiae

PROVIDER: GSE108482 | GEO | 2018/07/03

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Casein Kinase 2 Mediated Phosphorylation of Spt6 Modulates Histone dynamics and Regulates Spurious Transcription (ChIP-Seq)

Project description:CK2 is an essential protein kinase implicated in various cellular processes. In this study, we address a potential role of this kinase in chromatin modulations associated with transcription. We found that CK2 depletion from yeast cells leads to replication-independent increase of histone H3K56 acetylation and global activation of H3 turnover in coding regions. This suggests a positive role of CK2 in maintenance/recycling of the histone H3/H4 tetramers during transcription. Interestingly, strand-specific RNA-seq analyses show that CK2 inhibits global cryptic promoters driving both sense and antisense transcription. This further indicates a role of CK2 in the modulation of chromatin during transcription. Next, we showed that CK2 interacts with the major histone chaperone Spt6, and phosphorylates it in vivo and in vitro. CK2 phosphorylation of Spt6 is required for its cellular levels, for the suppression of histone H3 turnover and for the inhibition of spurious transcription. Finally, we show that CK2 and Spt6 phosphorylation sites are important to various transcriptional responses suggesting that cryptic intragenic and antisense transcript production may have an impact on cell adaptation to environmental cues. Altogether, our data indicate that CK2 mediated phosphorylation of Spt6 regulates chromatin dynamics associated with transcription, and prevents aberrant transcription.

2018-07-03 | GSE109078 | GEO

Spt6 regulates intragenic and antisense transcription, nucleosome positioning, and histone modifications genome-wide in fission yeast [ChIP-seq]

Project description:Spt6 is a highly conserved histone chaperone that interacts directly with both RNA polymerase II and histones to regulate gene expression. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the requirements for this critical factor, we have performed genome-wide analyses of transcription, chromatin structure, and histone modifications in an S. pombe spt6 mutant. Our results demonstrate several dramatic changes to transcription and chromatin structure in the spt6 mutant, including an elevation of antisense transcripts at over 70 percent of all genes and general loss of the +1 nucleosome. Furthermore, Spt6 is required for the trimethylation of histone H3 on lysines 4 and 36, marks associated with active transcription. Taken together, our results indicate that Spt6 is critical for the accuracy of transcription and the integrity of chromatin, likely via its direct interactions with RNA polymerase II and histones. ChIP-seq experiments were performed on wild type and spt6-1 strains on the following proteins: RNA polymerase II (Rpb1), Paf1 Complex (Ctr9), COMPASS (Swd1), Set2, Spt6, histones H2B and H3, histone modifications H3K4me3 and H3K36me3. Experiments were performed in replicates and matching inputs were also sequenced.

2013-10-09 | E-GEOD-49574 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Spt6 regulates intragenic and antisense transcription, nucleosome positioning, and histone modifications genome-wide in fission yeast [RNA-seq]

Project description:Spt6 is a highly conserved histone chaperone that interacts directly with both RNA polymerase II and histones to regulate gene expression. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the requirements for this critical factor, we have performed genome-wide analyses of transcription, chromatin structure, and histone modifications in an S. pombe spt6 mutant. Our results demonstrate several dramatic changes to transcription and chromatin structure in the spt6 mutant, including an elevation of antisense transcripts at over 70 percent of all genes and general loss of the +1 nucleosome. Furthermore, Spt6 is required for the trimethylation of histone H3 on lysines 4 and 36, marks associated with active transcription. Taken together, our results indicate that Spt6 is critical for the accuracy of transcription and the integrity of chromatin, likely via its direct interactions with RNA polymerase II and histones. RNA-seq experiments were performed on wild type and spt6-1 strains in replicate

2013-10-09 | E-GEOD-49573 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Spt6 regulates intragenic and antisense transcription, nucleosome positioning, and histone modifications genome-wide in fission yeast [Mnase-seq]

Project description:Spt6 is a highly conserved histone chaperone that interacts directly with both RNA polymerase II and histones to regulate gene expression. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the requirements for this critical factor, we have performed genome-wide analyses of transcription, chromatin structure, and histone modifications in an S. pombe spt6 mutant. Our results demonstrate several dramatic changes to transcription and chromatin structure in the spt6 mutant, including an elevation of antisense transcripts at over 70 percent of all genes and general loss of the +1 nucleosome. Furthermore, Spt6 is required for the trimethylation of histone H3 on lysines 4 and 36, marks associated with active transcription. Taken together, our results indicate that Spt6 is critical for the accuracy of transcription and the integrity of chromatin, likely via its direct interactions with RNA polymerase II and histones. MNase-seq experiments were performed on wild type and spt6-1 strains in replicate at two different MNase concentrations

2013-10-09 | E-GEOD-49572 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Casein Kinase II Phosphorylation of Spt6 Enforces Transcriptional Fidelity by Maintaining Spn1-Spt6 Interaction

Project description:Spt6 is a histone chaperone that associates with RNA polymerase II and deposits nucleosomes in the wake of transcription. Although Spt6 has an essential function in nucleosome deposition, it is not known whether this function is regulated by post-translational modification. Here, we report that casein kinase II (CKII) phosphorylation of Spt6 directs nucleosome reassembly at the 5’ ends of a broad range of genes to prevent aberrant antisense transcription and enforce transcriptional directionality. Mechanistically, we show that interaction of Spt6 with Spn1 – a constitutive binding partner required for chromatin reassembly and full recruitment of Spt6 to genes is positively regulated by CKII phosphorylation of Spt6. Together, our study defines a previously unknown function for CKII phosphorylation in transcription, and further, highlights the importance of post-translational modification as a mechanism to fine-tune the functions of histone chaperones.

2018-11-30 | GSE122620 | GEO

Spt6 regulates intragenic and antisense transcription, nucleosome positioning, and histone modifications genome-wide in fission yeast [ChIP-seq]

2013-10-09 | GSE49574 | GEO

Spt6 regulates intragenic and antisense transcription, nucleosome positioning, and histone modifications genome-wide in fission yeast [RNA-seq]

2013-10-09 | GSE49573 | GEO

Spt6 regulates intragenic and antisense transcription, nucleosome positioning, and histone modifications genome-wide in fission yeast [Mnase-seq]

2013-10-09 | GSE49572 | GEO

DSIF and RNA polymerase II CTD Phosphorylation Coordinate the Recruitment of Rpd3S to Actively Transcribed Genes

Project description:Histone deacetylase Rpd3 is part of two distinct complexes: the large (Rpd3L) and small (Rpd3S) complexes. While Rpd3L targets specific promoters for gene repression, Rpd3S is recruited to ORFs to deacetylate histones in the wake of RNA polymerase II, to prevent cryptic initiation within genes. Methylation of histone H3 at lysine 36 by the Set2 methyltransferase is thought to mediate the recruitment of Rpd3S. Here, we confirm by ChIP-Chip that Rpd3S binds active ORFs. Surprisingly, however, Rpd3S is not recruited to all active genes, and its recruitment is Set2-independent. However, Rpd3S complexes recruited in the absence of H3K36 methylation appear to be inactive. Finally, we present evidence implicating the yeast DSIF complex (Spt4/5) and RNA polymerase II phosphorylation by Kin28 and Ctk1 in the recruitment of Rpd3S to active genes. Taken together, our data support a model where Set2-dependent histone H3 methylation is required for the activation of Rpd3S following its recruitment to the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain. In order to examine the genome-wide localization of RNAPII and Spt6 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, RNAPII and Spt6 along with associated DNA sequences were immunoprecipitated using anti-8WG16 and anti-HA antibodies, respectively. The RNAPII and Spt6 chromatin immunoprecipitation was performed in duplicate from WT cells as described below. The extracted DNA was hybridized to a DNA microarray containing an average of 4 probes per kilobase across the whole yeast genome. The combined datasets are available in the supplemental files of the related publication.

2010-11-28 | E-GEOD-22636 | biostudies-arrayexpress

RNA-seq analysis in ssu72 and hos2 mutant cells

Project description:We report accumulation of cryptic antisense transcripts in ssu72 mutant cells. A histone deacetylase (Hos2) is not required to repress the cryptic transcription in SSU72+ strain however in ssu72 mutant cells, Hos2 has an important role in suppression of the cryptic transcription Phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain on heptad Y1S2P3T4S5P6S7 coordinates key events during transcription and when its deregulation leads to defects in transcription and RNA processing. Here we report that histone deacetylase complex activity of the fission yeast Hos2/Set3 complex plays an important role in suppressing cryptic initiation of the antisense transcription when the C-terminal domain phosphorylation is dysregulated due to the loss of Ssu72 phosphatase. Interestingly, while single hos2/set3 mutants have little effect, loss of hos2 or set3 in addition to ssu72? leads to synergistic increase in antisense transcription globally and correlates with increases genomic instability and formation of deleterious R-loop structures across these regions. We propose that Ssu72 is essential to suppress initiation of cryptic transcription in the 3?end of the RNA polymerase II transcribed regions. In the absence of Ssu72, antisense transcription is supressed by the Hos2/Set3 dependent surveillance mechanism to maintain genome stability.

2020-06-30 | GSE144592 | GEO

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