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Adaptation of commensal proliferating Escherichia coli to the intestinal tract of young children with cystic fibrosis

ABSTRACT: E. coli isolates from different CF patients demonstrate increased growth rate when grown with glycerol, a major component of fecal fat, as the sole carbon source compared to E. coli from healthy controls. CF and control E. coli isolates have differential gene expression when grown in minimal media with glycerol as the sole carbon source. While CF isolates display a growth promoting transcriptional profile, control isolates engage stress and stationary phase programs, which likely results in slower growth rates.

ORGANISM(S): Escherichia coli

PROVIDER: GSE108846 | GEO | 2018/01/09

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA428927

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Transcriptome analyses using a wild-type strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were performed to assess the overall pattern of gene expression during the transition from glucose-based fermentative to glycerol-based respiratory growth. These experiments revealed a complex suite of metabolic and structural changes associated with the adaptation process. Alterations in gene expression leading to remodeling of various membrane transport systems and the cortical actin cytoskeleton were observed. Transition to respiratory growth was accompanied by alterations in transcript patterns demonstrating not only a general stress response, as seen in earlier studies, but also the oxidative and osmotic stress responses. In some contrast to earlier studies, these experiments identified modulation of expression for many genes specifying transcription factors during the transition to glycerol-based growth. Importantly and unexpectedly, an ordered series of changes was seen in transcript levels from genes encoding components of the TFIID, SAGA (Spt-Ada-Gcn5-Acetyltransferase), and SLIK (Saga LIKe) complexes and all three RNA polymerases, suggesting a modulation of structure for the basal transcriptional machinery during adaptation to respiratory growth. In concert with data given in earlier studies, the results presented here highlight important aspects of metabolic and other adaptations to respiratory growth in yeast that are common to utilization of multiple carbon sources. Importantly, they also identify aspects specific to adaptation of this organism to growth on glycerol as sole carbon source. A time-series illustrating the transition from fermentation using glucose (dextrose) as sole carbon source to respiration using glycerol as sole carbon source. Time points of 15 minutes, 30 minutes and 60 minutes as well as growth on dextrose, glycerol or ethanol as sole carbon source from a starter culture. Three biological replicates of the 30 minute time point and growth on glycerol from starter culture.

Project description:Transcriptome profiling of E. coli MG1655, E. coli EDL933, E. coli ECOR26, and E. coli Nissle 1917 grown on mouse cecal mucus as carbon source The carbon sources that support growth of pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 in the mammalian intestine have not previously been investigated. In vivo, pathogenic E. coli EDL933 primarily grows as dispersed single cells within the mucus layer that overlies the mouse cecal epithelium. We therefore compared the pathogen and commensal E. coli MG1655 for their mode of metabolism in vitro on a mixture of the sugars known to be present in cecal mucus and found that the two strains used the thirteen sugars in a similar order and co-metabolized as many as nine sugars at a time. We conducted a systematic mutational analysis of E. coli EDL933 and E. coli MG1655 with lesions in the pathways used for catabolism of thirteen mucus-derived sugars and five other compounds for which the corresponding gene system was induced in the transcriptome of cells grown on cecal mucus. Each of 18 catabolic mutants in both genetic backgrounds was fed to streptomycin-treated mice together with the respective wildtype parent strain and their colonization was monitored in fecal plate counts. None of the mutations corresponding to the five compounds not found in mucosal polysaccharides resulted in colonization defects. Based on the mutations that caused colonization defects, we determined that both E. coli EDL933 and E. coli MG1655 used arabinose, fucose, and N-acetylglucosamine in the intestine. In addition, E. coli EDL933 used galactose, hexuronates, mannose and ribose, whereas E. coli MG1655 used gluconate and N-acetylneuraminic acid. The colonization defects of six catabolic lesions were found to be additive in E. coli EDL933, but not E. coli MG1655. The data indicate that pathogenic E. coli EDL933 uses sugars that are not used by commensal E. coli MG1655 to colonize the mouse intestine. The results suggest a strategy whereby invading pathogens gain advantage by simultaneously consuming several sugars that may be available because they are not consumed by the commensal intestinal microbiota. Keywords: growth condition: carbon source was mouse cecal mucus

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Adaptation of commensal proliferating Escherichia coli to the intestinal tract of young children with cystic fibrosis

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