Transcriptional responses of melanoma cells to BRAF inhibition
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE110054 | GEO | 2018/06/07
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:BRAF targeted drug vemurafenib have shown very good clinical benefit in melanoma patient containing BRAF V600E mutation. However, resistance always occurs in patient. Early stage of the resistance development require the tumor cell adapted to the targeted drug. We are trying to study the kinetic of melanoma cell adaptation towards vemurafenib. 10 melanoma cell lines with BRAF mutation are treated with targeted therapy vemurafenib. RNA-seq samples are collected after drug treatment for different time (day3 and day21) to compare with DMSO-treated control samples for each cell line. Except innate resistant cell line M381, all other cell lines shows inhibition of proliferation. However, a small cluster of cell lines (M397, M229 and M263) shows some other unique transcriptomic change. For cell line M397, M229 and M263, we also collected the RNA-seq data for long-term (73day/90day) drug treatment condition where the cells developed resistance to vemurafenib treatment. Dedifferentiation is enriched in these unique transcriptomic change within these 3 cell lines. Similar cell state dedifferentiation phenomenon is also reported to cause resistance towards immunotherpay where the resistant de-differentiated melanoma cells are induced by TNF which is secreted by tumor-infiltrating T cells. We also treat our cultured melanoma cells with TNF and collected the treated sample for RNA-seq experiment.
2019-06-22 | E-MTAB-5493 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Vemurafenib is a BRAF inhibitor with specificity for the most common BRAF mutant encountered in melanomas (BRAFV600E). Vemurafenib suppresses the proliferation of BRAF mutant human melanoma cells by suppressing downstream activation of the MEK/ERK mitogen activated protein kinases. We used microarrays to examine the transcriptional response of a vemurafenib-sensitive BRAFV600E human melanoma cell line (A375) to vemurafenib in order to further delineate the mechanisms by which BRAFV600E drives cell proliferation and energy metabolism in human melanoma. BRAFV600E A375 human melanoma cells were treated with vehicle (0.1% DMSO) or 10 uM vemurafenib for 24 h after which total RNA was extracted. Cells were prepared and RNA was extracted in 3 separate batches (three different cell stocks on three separate days) providing three independent replicates (n=3). Paired replicates (prepared from the same stock of cells on the same day) are denoted by A, B and C.
2014-05-20 | E-GEOD-42872 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer with increasing incidence worldwide. The development of BRAF kinase inhibitors as targeted treatments for patients with BRAF-mutant tumours contributed profoundly to an improved overall survival of patients with metastatic melanoma. Despite these promising results, the emergence of rapid resistance to targeted therapy remains a serious clinical issue. To investigate the impact of BRAF inhibitors on miRNomes and transcriptomes, we used in vitro melanoma models consisting of BRAF inhibitor-sensitive and -resistant cell lines generated in our laboratory. miRNA and gene expression were assessed by microarray analyses of the BRAF inhibitor sensitive melanoma cells A375, IGR37, and 501Mel, as well as on the vemurafenib (PLX4032) - resistant cells A375_XP, IGR37_XP, 501Mel_XP, and dabrafenib (GSK2118436) - resistant cells A375_GP, IGR37_GP, 501Mel_GP. For each cell line the microarray experiment was performed in duplicates.
2017-03-06 | E-MTAB-5510 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer with increasing incidence worldwide. The development of BRAF kinase inhibitors as targeted treatments for patients with BRAF-mutant tumours contributed profoundly to an improved overall survival of patients with metastatic melanoma. Despite these promising results, the emergence of rapid resistance to targeted therapy remains a serious clinical issue. To investigate the impact of BRAF inhibitors on miRNomes and transcriptomes, we used in vitro melanoma models consisting of BRAF inhibitor-sensitive and -resistant cell lines generated in our laboratory. miRNA and gene expression were assessed by microarray analyses of the BRAF inhibitor sensitive melanoma cells A375, IGR37, and 501Mel, as well as on the vemurafenib (PLX4032) - resistant cells A375_XP, IGR37_XP, 501Mel_XP, and dabrafenib (GSK2118436) - resistant cells A375_GP, IGR37_GP, 501Mel_GP. For each cell line the microarray experiment was performed in duplicates.
2017-03-06 | E-MTAB-5511 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:CGH profiling of M249 melanoma cell line treated with step-wise increasing Vemurafenib and Selumetinib to develop resistance (VSR). The resistance mechanims was through BRAF amplification in double minute (DM) format. The control cell line is untreated M249.
2021-12-20 | GSE153526 | GEO
Project description:Vemurafenib is a BRAF inhibitor with specificity for the most common BRAF mutant encountered in melanomas (BRAFV600E). Vemurafenib suppresses the proliferation of BRAF mutant human melanoma cells by suppressing downstream activation of the MEK/ERK mitogen activated protein kinases. We used microarrays to examine the transcriptional response of a vemurafenib-sensitive BRAFV600E human melanoma cell line (A375) to vemurafenib in order to further delineate the mechanisms by which BRAFV600E drives cell proliferation and energy metabolism in human melanoma.
2014-05-20 | GSE42872 | GEO
Project description:BRAF is the most frequently mutated gene in melanoma. Constitutive activation of mutant BRAFV600E leads to aberrant Ras-independent MAPK signaling and cell transformation. Inhibition of mutant BRAF is a current front-line therapy for such cases, with improved survival compared with chemotherapy. Unfortunately, reactivation of MAPK signaling by several mechanisms has been shown to cause drug resistance and disease recurrence. In this work, we describe the co-occurrence of an in-frame deletion within an amplified BRAFV600E locus, and a missense point mutation of the transcriptional repressor BCORL1, in vemurafenib-resistant A375 melanoma cells. Functional data confirmed that truncated p47BRAFV600E and mutant BCORL1Q1076H both contribute to resistance. Interestingly, either endogenous BCORL1 silencing or ectopic BCORL1Q1076H expression mimicked the effects of a CRISPR/Cas9-edited BCORL1Q1076H locus, suggesting a change-of-function mutation. Transcriptomic data confirmed this hypothesis. Finally, we show that the pan-RAF inhibitor sorafenib is not affected by expression of BRAF deletion variant and effectively synergizes with vemurafenib to block resistant cells, suggesting a possible intervention for this class of mutants.
2018-11-27 | GSE107370 | GEO
Project description:M238P BRAFV600E mutant melanoma cells sensitive to the BRAF inhibitor Vemurafenib (PLX4032) and the corresponding resistant M238R cell line were cultured in standard conditions. RNA samples were then harvested and sequenced with the Nanopore long-reads protocol.
2021-12-29 | GSE171882 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: Identification of miRNAs that enable resistance to BRAF inhibitors in melanoma suggests a mechanism-based strategy to limit resistance and improve clinical outcomes. Methods: We generated A375 melanoma cells resistant to Vemurafenib (VMF) with the goal of investigating changes in miRNA expression patterns that might contribute to resistance. Results: Increased expression of miR-204-5p and miR-211-5p occurring in VMF-resistant cells was determined to impact VMF response.
2018-01-18 | GSE107576 | GEO
Project description:Multiple BRAF inhibitor resistance mechanisms have been described, however their relative frequency, clinical correlates, and effect on subsequent therapy have not been assessed in patients with metastatic melanoma. Excised progressing BRAFV600 mutant melanoma metastases (Prog) from patients treated with dabrafenib (n=22) or vemurafenib (n=8) were analyzed for known resistance mechanisms. Oncogenic signaling in Prog and matched pre-treatment tumors was examined using gene expression analysis. Resistance mechanisms were correlated with clinicopathologic features and outcome. A resistance mechanism was identified in 21/38 (55%) Prog samples from 30 patients; BRAF splice variants (n=12, 32%), N-RAS mutations (n=3, 8%), BRAF amplification (n=3, 8%), MEK1/2 mutations (n=3, 8%) and an AKT1 mutation (n=1, 3%). Four Progs tumours displayed multiple resistance mechanisms, and four patients with multiple Progs demonstrated inter-tumoral heterogeneity of resistance mechanisms. Six (21%) of 29 Progs showed loss of MAPK activity by gene expression analysis. These MAPK-inhibited Progs had unknown resistance mechanisms, and these patients had a shorter progression-free survival than patients with MAPK re-activated Progs. There were no responses to subsequent targeted therapy, even when the identified mechanism of resistance was predicted to be responsive. Heterogeneity of resistance mechanisms was common between patients, within patients and within individual tumors. The MAPK pathway remained inhibited in a subset of resistant tumors with unknown mechanisms of resistance, and the outcomes of patients with these tumors are poor. The use of sequential targeted therapies based on the molecular characteristics of a single progressing biopsy is unlikely to provide improved clinical outcomes. Total RNA was obtained from fresh-frozen melanoma tumour samples from patients before commencing treatment with dabrafenib or vemurafenib and at time of tumour progression.
2014-02-19 | E-GEOD-50509 | biostudies-arrayexpress