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Twin DNA methylation profiling reveals flare-dependent interferon signature and B-cell promoter hypermethylation in systemic lupus erythematosus

ABSTRACT: Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has limited monozygotic (MZ) twin concordance, implying a role for other pathogenic factors than genetic variation, such as epigenetic changes. Using the disease discordant twin model, we investigated genome-wide DNA methylation changes in sorted CD4+ T-cells, monocytes, granulocytes and B-cells in twin pairs with at least one SLE-affected twin. Methods: Peripheral blood from 15 SLE twin pairs (six MZ, nine dizygotic (DZ)) was processed using gradient density centrifugation for the granulocyte fraction. CD4+ T-cells, monocytes and B-cells were further isolated using magnetic beads. Genome-wide DNA methylation was analysed using Infinium HumanMethylation450K BeadChips. Probes with a p-value <0.01 between SLE twins and co-twins were considered statistically significant and a median DNA methylation difference >7% biologically relevant. Findings were validated using pyrosequencing and replicated in an independent case-control sample. Results: In paired analyses of discordant SLE twins restricted to the gene promoter and start region, we identified 55, 327, 247 and 1628 genes with differentially methylated CpGs in CD4+ T-cells, monocytes, granulocytes and B-cells, respectively. All cell types displayed marked hypomethylation in interferon-regulated genes, such as IFI44L, PARP9 and IFITM1, which was more pronounced in twins with flare within the past two years. In contrast to the other cell types, differentially methylated CpGs in B-cells were predominantly hypermethylated, where the most important upstream regulators included TNF and EP300. Conclusion: Hypomethylation of interferon-regulated genes occurs in all major cellular compartments in SLE twins. The observed B-cell promoter hypermethylation is a novel finding with potential significance for SLE pathogenesis.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE110607 | GEO | 2018/03/19

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:DNA methylation appears to play an essential mechanistic role in the pathogenesis of ALL, thereby potentiate its use as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis (Milani, Lundmark et al. 2010; Geng, Brennan et al. 2012; Sandoval, Heyn et al. 2013), and even a potential target of novel therapeutic approaches in ALL. In present study, we collected blood specimens for 4 pairs of monozygotic twins (MZ) and 1 pair of dizygotic twin (DZ) that are discordant for ALL. We sought to comprehensively assess the magnitude of genetic and epigenetic differences between ALL-affected and unaffected twins. we conducted whole genome and whole methylome sequencing on these five pairs of ALL-discordant twins. We also examined both the MZ and DZ twins using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). At first, the methylation differences across the genome were addressed globally by Circos software. And then tried to characterize the co-twin methylation divergence in specific genomic regions between ALL-discordant twin pairs. These patterns of dynamic co-twin methylation changes in these discordant ALL samples were generally consistent among MZ and DZ twins, indicating similarities of methylation abnormalities. As a result, 780, 566, 309, 293 and 2110 DMRs were identified, with a similar distribution pattern across different genomic elements among the five twin pairs.Then we annotate whether these DMRs were located in regulatory elements and identification of genes with recurring methylation alterations in a cohort of ALL patients. We collected blood specimens from 4 pairs of MZ twins and 1 pair of DZ twin that are discordant for ALL. At first, the methylation differences across the genome were addressed globally by Circos software. And then tried to characterize the co-twin methylation divergence in specific genomic regions and differentially methylated gene regions (DMRs) were identified between ALL-discordant twin pairs. Then we annotate whether these DMRs were located in regulatory elements and identification of genes with recurring methylation alterations in a cohort of ALL patients.

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Twin DNA methylation profiling reveals flare-dependent interferon signature and B-cell promoter hypermethylation in systemic lupus erythematosus

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