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A kinome-wide RNAi screen identifies ALK as a target to sensitize neuroblastoma cells for HDAC8-inhibitor treatment

ABSTRACT: The prognosis of advanced stage neuroblastoma patients remains poor and, despite intensive therapy, the 5-year survival rate remains less than 50%. We previously identified histone deacetylase (HDAC) 8 as an indicator of poor clinical outcome and a selective drug target for differentiation therapy in vitro and in vivo. Here we performed kinome-wide RNAi screening to identify genes that are synthetically lethal with HDAC8 inhibitors. These experiments identified the neuroblastoma predisposition gene ALK as a candidate gene. Accordingly, the combination of the ALK/MET inhibitor crizotinib and selective HDAC8 inhibitors (3-6μM PCI-34051 or 10μM 20a) efficiently killed neuroblastoma cell lines carrying wildtype ALK (SK-N-BE(2)-C, IMR5/75), amplified ALK (NB-1), and those carrying the activating ALK F1174L mutation (Kelly), and, in cells carrying the activating R1275Q mutation (LAN-5), combination treatment decreased viable cell count. The effective dose of crizotinib in neuroblastoma cell lines ranged from 0.05μM (ALK-amplified) to 0.8μM (wildtype ALK). The combinatorial inhibition of ALK and HDAC8 also decreased tumor growth in an in vivo zebrafish xenograft model. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that the mRNA expression level of HDAC8 was significantly correlated with that of ALK in two independent patient cohorts, the Academic Medical Center cohort (n=88) and the German Neuroblastoma Trial cohort (n=649), and co-expression of both target genes identified patients with very poor outcome. Mechanistically, HDAC8 and ALK converge at the level of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling and their downstream survival pathways, such as ERK signaling. Combination treatment of HDAC8 inhibitor with crizotinib efficiently blocked the activation of growth receptor survival signaling and shifted the cell cycle arrest and differentiation phenotype toward effective cell death of neuroblastoma cell lines, including sensitization of resistant models, but not of normal cells. These findings reveal combined targeting of ALK and HDAC8 as a novel strategy for the treatment of neuroblastoma.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE110817 | GEO | 2018/02/21

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:We used mass spectrometry-based proteomics to unravel anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) signaling in the ALK and MYCN amplified neuroblastoma cell line, NB1. We specifically measured the ALK interactome, phosphoproteome, phosphotyrosine interactome and proteome as outlined below. ALK Interactome and phosphoproteome: For each experiment, three SILAC conditions (‘Light’: Lys0,Arg0, ‘Medium’: Lys4,Arg6, ‘Heavy’: Lys8,Arg10) of NB1 cells were treated for 30 minutes with each of the following ALK-targeting small-molecule inhibitors: TAE684 (100 nM), crizotinib (500 nM), and LDK378 (250 nM). The experiments were performed as specified below: Experiment 1: Light: 500 nM crizotinib, Medium: 100 nM TAE684, Heavy: 0.1% DMSO Experiment 2: Light: 100 nM TAE684, Medium: 250 nM LDK378, Heavy: 0.1% DMSO Experiment 3: Light: 250 nM LDK378, Medium: 500 nM crizotinib, Heavy: 0.1% DMSO These three triple-SILAC experiments allowed the effect of each inhibitor to be measured in duplicates. ALK phosphotyrosine interactome: To identify phosphotyrosine-specific interaction partners of ALK we used a label-free mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach. Interacting proteins to the peptide sequences (phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated peptide) indicated in the table below were identified by a peptide pull-down assay and mass spectrometry. Peptide pull-downs were performed on NB1 cell lysate prepared from cells treated for 30 minutes with LDK378 (250 nM) or DMSO. Each peptide pull-down was performed on lysates from two biological replicates. Sample name (raw file) Gene Uniprot Site Peptide sequence A1 ALK Q9UM73 pY1078 ELQSPEpYKLSKLR A2 ALK Q9UM73 pY1092 RTIMTDpYNPNYSF A3 ALK Q9UM73 pY1096 TDYNPNpYSFAGKT A4 ALK Q9UM73 pY1131 GAFGEVpYEGQVSG A5 ALK Q9UM73 pY1278 GMARDIpYRASYYR A6 ALK Q9UM73 pY1282 DIYRASpYYRKGGS A7 ALK Q9UM73 pY1283 IYRASYpYRKGGSA A8 ALK Q9UM73 pY1359 RSPGPVpYRIMTQS A9 ALK Q9UM73 pY1507 RLWNPTpYGSWFTE A10 ALK Q9UM73 pY1584 RSGNVNpYGYQQQG A11 ALK Q9UM73 pY1604 APGAGHpYEDTILK A12 ALK Q9UM73 Y1078 ELQSPEYKLSKLR B1 ALK Q9UM73 Y1092 RTIMTDYNPNYSF B2 ALK Q9UM73 Y1096 TDYNPNYSFAGKT B3 ALK Q9UM73 Y1131 GAFGEVYEGQVSG B4 ALK Q9UM73 Y1278 GMARDIYRASYYR B5 ALK Q9UM73 Y1282 DIYRASYYRKGGS B6 ALK Q9UM73 Y1283 IYRASYYRKGGSA B7 ALK Q9UM73 Y1359 RSPGPVYRIMTQS B8 ALK Q9UM73 Y1507 RLWNPTYGSWFTE B9 ALK Q9UM73 Y1584 RSGNVNYGYQQQG B10 ALK Q9UM73 Y1604 APGAGHYEDTILK C3 IRS2 Q9Y4H2 pY675 SSRSDDpYMPMSPA C4 IRS2 Q9Y4H2 pY742 SPEDSGpYMRMWSG C5 IRS2 Q9Y4H2 pY978 RSPLSDpYMNLDFS C6 IRS2 Q9Y4H2 Y675 SSRSDDYMPMSPA C7 IRS2 Q9Y4H2 Y742 SPEDSGYMRMWSG C8 IRS2 Q9Y4H2 Y978 RSPLSDYMNLDFS Additional explanations to MS raw files: -1 extension indicates Control (DMSO lysate) replicate 1. -2 extension indicates LDK378 (treated lysate) replicate 1. -3 extension indicates Control (DMSO lysate) replicate 2. -4 extension indicates LDK378 (treated lysate) replicate 2. Proteome: The NB1 cell line proteome was measured by a label-free mass spectrometry-based approach. The analysis was performed in two biological replicates.

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A kinome-wide RNAi screen identifies ALK as a target to sensitize neuroblastoma cells for HDAC8-inhibitor treatment

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