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Genomic alterations indicate tumor origin and varied metastatic potential of disseminated cells from prostate cancer

ABSTRACT: Disseminated epithelial cells can be isolated from the bone marrow of a far greater frac-tion of prostate-cancer patients than the fraction of patients who progress to metastatic disease. To provide a better understanding of these cells, we have characterized their genomic altera-tions. We first present an array comparative genomic hybridization method capable of detecting genomic changes in the small number of disseminated cells (10-20) that can typically be ob-tained from bone-marrow aspirates of prostate-cancer patients. We show multiple regions of copy-number change, including alterations common in prostate cancer, such as 8p loss, 8q gain, and gain encompassing the androgen-receptor gene on Xq, in the disseminated cell pools from 11 metastatic patients. We found fewer and less striking genomic alterations in the 48 pools of disseminated cells from patients with organ-confined disease. However, we identify changes shared by these samples with their corresponding primary tumors and prostate-cancer altera-tions reported in the literature, evidence that these cells, like those in advanced disease, are disseminated tumor cells (DTCs). We also demonstrate that DTCs from patients with advanced and localized disease share several abnormalities, including losses containing cell-adhesion genes and alterations reported to associate with progressive disease. These shared alterations might confer the capability to disseminate or establish secondary disease. Overall, the spectrum of genomic deviations is evidence for metastatic capacity in advanced-disease DTCs and varia-tion in that capacity in DTCs from localized disease. Our analysis lays the foundation for eluci-dation of the relationship between DTC genomic alterations and progressive prostate cancer. Keywords: array comparative genomic hybridization, prostate cancer, disseminated cells

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE11155 | GEO | 2008/08/17

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA106959

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The aim of this study was to establish a single-cell array comparative genomic hybridization (SCaCGH) method providing in-depth genomic analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs). The robustness and resolution limits of the method were estimated with different cell amounts of the breast cancer cell line SKBR3 using 44k and 244k arrays. Subsequent adjustments of the method were conducted analyzing the copy number profiles of 28 CTCs in combination with four hematopoietic cell (HC) controls from eight metastatic patients and of 24 DTCs, three probable HCs, and five HC controls from seven breast cancer patients and one healthy donor. The frequency of the major genomic gains and losses of the analyzed DTC revealed similarities to primary breast tumor samples with some evident differences. Three of the patients had available profiles for DTC and the corresponding primary tumor. In 2/3 of the examined DTCs, equivalent genomic changes and common aberration breakpoints were disclosed, both to each other and to the corresponding primary tumors. Interestingly, similar copy number changes were found in DTCs taken at time of diagnosis or in DTCs collected at 3-years relapse-free follow up. Residual immunomorphological characterized tumor cells showed balanced profiles with only minor aberrations. Three cells with unclear morphological identification showed either balanced profiles (n=2) or aberrations comparable to the primary tumor and DTC (n=1). SCaCGH may be a powerful tool for molecular characterisation of immunostained and morphological identified CTCs and DTCs to explore the malignant potential, therapeutic targets and tumor heterogeneity of single tumor cells. 24 DTCs, 3 probable HCs, and 5 HCs from 7 early-stage breast cancer patients, 28 CTCs and 4 HCs from 8 metastatic breast cancer patients, and 1 healthy donor were analysed. Comparison with the primary tumor was done in 3 patients. The reference for the patients was DNA from multiple anonymous female donors. This submission does not include the SKBR3 data obtained from the 44k array.

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Genomic alterations indicate tumor origin and varied metastatic potential of disseminated cells from prostate cancer

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