Reciprocal Reprogramming of Cancer Cells and Associated Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Gastric Cancer.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE111556 | GEO | 2018/10/31
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Mutations in APC or β-catenin that cause aberrant activation of Wnt signaling are responsible for the initiation of colorectal tumor development. LGR5 is specifically expressed in stem cells of the intestine, stomach and hair follicle, and plays essential roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis. LGR5-positive stem cells have been shown to be responsible for the intestinal adenoma initiated by some mutations in APC . Furthermore, it has recently been reported that Lgr5, which is associated with the Frizzled/Lrp Wnt receptor complex, interacts with R-spondins and thereby activates Wnt signaling. However, the function of LGR5 in colorectal tumorigenesis has been unclear. Here we show that LGR5 is required for the tumorigenicity of colorectal cancer cells. We also show that the transcription factor GATA6 directly enhances the expression of LGR5. DLD1 cells were infected with a lentivirus expressing an shRNA targeting GATA6 or LGR5.
2011-10-17 | E-GEOD-32987 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Mutations in APC or β-catenin that cause aberrant activation of Wnt signaling are responsible for the initiation of colorectal tumor development. LGR5 is specifically expressed in stem cells of the intestine, stomach and hair follicle, and plays essential roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis. LGR5-positive stem cells have been shown to be responsible for the intestinal adenoma initiated by some mutations in APC . Furthermore, it has recently been reported that Lgr5, which is associated with the Frizzled/Lrp Wnt receptor complex, interacts with R-spondins and thereby activates Wnt signaling. However, the function of LGR5 in colorectal tumorigenesis has been unclear. Here we show that LGR5 is required for the tumorigenicity of colorectal cancer cells. We also show that the transcription factor GATA6 directly enhances the expression of LGR5.
2011-10-18 | GSE32987 | GEO
Project description:Constitutive activation of the Wnt pathway leads to adenoma formation, an obligatory step towards intestinal cancer. In view of the established role of Wnt in regulating stemness, we attempted the isolation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) from Apc- and Apc/KRAS-mutant intestinal tumours. Whereas CSCs are present in malignant Apc/KRAS–mutant carcinomas, they appear to be very rare (<10-6) in the benign Apc–mutant adenomas. In contrast, the Lin-CD24hiCD29+ subpopulation of adenocarcinoma cells appear to be enriched in CSCs with increased levels of active -catenin. Expression profiling analysis of the CSC-enriched subpopulation confirmed their enhanced Wnt activity and revealed additional differential expression of other signalling pathways, growth factor binding proteins, and extracellular matrix components. As expected, genes characteristic of the Paneth cell lineage (e.g. defensins) are co-expressed together with stem cell genes (e.g. Lgr5) within the CSC-enriched subpopulation. This is of interest as it may indicate a cancer stem cell niche role for tumor-derived Paneth-like cells, similar to their role in supporting Lgr5+ stem cells in the normal intestinal crypt. Overall, our results indicate that oncogenic KRAS activation in Apc-driven tumours results in the expansion of the CSCs compartment by increasing b-catenin intracellular stabilization. To identify molecular differences between stem-like and more differentiated (bulk) tumour cells from Apc1638N/+ and Apc1638N/+/KRASV12G intestinal adenomas and adenocarcinomas, we isolated total RNA from 104 Lin-CD24hiCD29+, Lin-CD24medCD29+/Lin-CD24loCD29+ and Lin- (bulk) tumour cells from 5 individual mice of each genotype (Apc1638N/+ and Apc1638N/+/KRASV12G). Total RNA samples were then employed to hybridize oligonucleotide microarrays (Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430A 2.0 Array) according to conventional protocols.
2013-10-01 | E-GEOD-47772 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) display tumor tropism and have been addressed as vehicles for delivery of anti-cancer agents. As cellular components of the tumor microenvironment, MSC also influence tumor progression. However, the contribution of MSC in brain cancer is not well understood since either oncogenic or tumor suppressor effects have been reported for these cells. Here, MSC were found capable of stimulating human Glioblastoma (GBM) cell proliferation through a paracrine effect mediated by TGFB1. Moreover, when in direct cell-cell contact with GBM cells, MSC elicited an increased proliferative and invasive tumor cell behavior under 3D conditions, as well as accelerated tumor development in nude mice, independently of paracrine TGFB1. A secretome profiling of MSC-GBM co-cultures identified 126 differentially expressed proteins and 10 proteins exclusively detected under direct cell-cell contact conditions. Most of these proteins are exosome cargos and are involved in cell motility and tissue development. These results indicate a dynamic interaction between MSC and GBM cells, favoring aggressive tumor cell traits through alternative and independent mechanisms. Overall, these findings indicate that MSC may exert pro-tumorigenic effects when in close contact with tumor cells, which must be carefully considered when employing MSC in targeted cell therapy protocols against cancer
2018-06-13 | PXD008035 | Pride
Project description:This a model from the article:
A mathematical model for IL-6-mediated, stem cell driven tumor growth and targeted treatment
Fereshteh Nazari, Alexander T. Pearson, Jacques Eduardo Nor, Trachette L. Jackson. PloS Computational Biology, 2018 Jan.
Abstract:
Targeting key regulators of the cancer stem cell phenotype to overcome their critical influence on tumor growth is a promising new strategy for cancer treatment. Here we present a modeling framework that operates at both the cellular and molecular levels, for investigating IL-6 mediated, cancer stem cell driven tumor growth and targeted treatment with anti-IL6 antibodies. Our immediate goal is to quantify the influence of IL-6 on cancer stem cell self-renewal and survival, and to characterize the subsequent impact on tumor growth dynamics. By including the molecular details of IL-6 binding, we are able to quantify the temporal changes in fractional occupancies of bound receptors and their influence on tumor volume. There is a strong correlation between the model output and experimental data for primary tumor xenografts. We also used the model to predict tumor response to administration of the humanized IL-6R monoclonal antibody, tocilizumab (TCZ), and we found that as little as 1mg/kg of TCZ administered weekly for 7 weeks is sufficient to result in tumor reduction and a sustained deceleration of tumor growth.
Author Summary:
A small population of cancer stem cells that share many of the biological characteristics of normal adult stem cells are believed to initiate and sustain tumor growth for a wide variety of malignancies. Growth and survival of these cancer stem cells is highly influenced by tumor micro-environmental factors and molecular signaling initiated by cytokines and growth factors. This work focuses on quantifying the influence of IL-6, a pleiotropic cytokine secreted by a variety of cell types, on cancer stem cell self-renewal and survival. We present a mathematical model for IL-6 mediated, cancer stem cell driven tumor growth that operates at the following levels: (1) the molecular level—capturing cell surface dynamics of receptor-ligand binding and receptor activation that lead to intra-cellular signal transduction cascades; and (2) the cellular level—describing tumor growth, cellular composition, and response to treatments targeted against IL-6.
This model originates from BioModels Database: A Database of Annotated Published Models (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels/). It is copyright (c) 2005-2011 The BioModels.net Team.
For more information see the terms of use.
To cite BioModels Database, please use: Li C, Donizelli M, Rodriguez N, Dharuri H, Endler L, Chelliah V, Li L, He E, Henry A, Stefan MI, Snoep JL, Hucka M, Le Novère N, Laibe C (2010) BioModels Database: An enhanced, curated and annotated resource for published quantitative kinetic models. BMC Syst Biol., 4:92.
2019-10-02 | BIOMD0000000819 | BioModels
Project description:Constitutive activation of the Wnt pathway leads to adenoma formation, an obligatory step towards intestinal cancer. In view of the established role of Wnt in regulating stemness, we attempted the isolation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) from Apc- and Apc/KRAS-mutant intestinal tumours. Whereas CSCs are present in malignant Apc/KRAS–mutant carcinomas, they appear to be very rare (<10-6) in the benign Apc–mutant adenomas. In contrast, the Lin-CD24hiCD29+ subpopulation of adenocarcinoma cells appear to be enriched in CSCs with increased levels of active -catenin. Expression profiling analysis of the CSC-enriched subpopulation confirmed their enhanced Wnt activity and revealed additional differential expression of other signalling pathways, growth factor binding proteins, and extracellular matrix components. As expected, genes characteristic of the Paneth cell lineage (e.g. defensins) are co-expressed together with stem cell genes (e.g. Lgr5) within the CSC-enriched subpopulation. This is of interest as it may indicate a cancer stem cell niche role for tumor-derived Paneth-like cells, similar to their role in supporting Lgr5+ stem cells in the normal intestinal crypt. Overall, our results indicate that oncogenic KRAS activation in Apc-driven tumours results in the expansion of the CSCs compartment by increasing b-catenin intracellular stabilization.
2013-10-01 | GSE47772 | GEO
Project description:While BM-MSC remain the most commonly studied MSC subtype and were the focus of original MSC polarization paradigm reports, MSC derived from other tissues may provide advantages for clinical use such as higher relative abundance and differential functional potential. In our previous work, we had identified phenotypical and functional consequences of TLR3 or TLR4 priming on ASC that partially resembled those previously reported for BM-MSC. In our assessment, LPS-priming of ASC rendered them immunostimulatory in immune killing assay coculture assays in the presence of human prostate adenocarcinoma cells and stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Understanding that tumorigenesis is a complex process involving many other tumor microenvironment components and other supportive tissues, we aimed to evaluate the consequences of TLR-priming in an immunocompetent model of androgen independent prostate cancer by assessing changes in tumor progression, gene expression and immune composition of tumors treated with TLR-primed ASC. The present work expands upon the impact of primed ASC on the prostate tumor microenvironment.
2023-11-14 | GSE245489 | GEO
Project description:To further elucidate the role of the intestinal stem cell marker Leucine-rich-repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) in colorectal cancer (CRC), we exposed Lgr5-EGFP-IRES-Cre-ERT2 mice to azoxymethane/dextrane sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) which induces inflammation-driven colon tumors. Tumors were then flow-sorted into fractions of epithelial cells that expressed high or low levels of Lgr5 and were characterized using gene expression profiling. In the AOM/DSS-induced mouse colon tumors Lgr5 high cells showed higher levels of several stem cell-associated genes and higher Wnt signaling than Lgr5 low tumor cells and Lgr5 high normal colon epithelial cells. To further elucidate the role of the intestinal stem cell marker Leucine-rich-repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) in colorectal cancer (CRC), we transduced SW480 CRC cells with lentiviral shRNA constructs to silence LGR5 expression. This resulted in a depletion of spheres but did not affect adherently growing cells. Spheres expressed higher levels of several stem cell-associated genes than adherent cells. Notch signaling was down-regulated upon LGR5 silencing. This was confirmed by immunohistochemistry against cleaved NOTCH1. Normal mouse colons and AOM/DSS-induced mouse colon tumors were flow-sorted into Lgr5 high and low cells before gene expression was measured. Fifteen independent experiments were performed using seven individual mice for normal colons and eight for tumors. Appropriate LGR5 status was confirmed by real-time qRT-PCR before measuring silencing induced gene expression. Three independent experiments were performed for each cell fraction using separately cultured cells for each experiment.
2013-04-19 | E-GEOD-46200 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Using EphB2 or the ISC marker Lgr5, we have FACS-purified and profiled intestinal stem cells (ISCs), crypt proliferative progenitors and late transient amplifying cells to define a gene expression program specific for normal ISCs. A frequent complication in colorectal cancer (CRC) is regeneration of the tumor after therapy. The intestinal stem cell signature predicts disease relapse in CRC and identifies a stem cell-like population that displays robust tumor- initiating capacity in immunodeficient mice as well as long-term self-renewal potential. We FACS purified mouse intestinal crypt cells according to their EphB2 or Lgr5 contents. We used Affymetrix chips to hybridize 2 samples from EphB2 high, 2 samples from EphB2 medium and 2 samples from EphB2 low cells (one sample from each group in a first hybridization on February 2009 plus an additional sample from each group on March 2009). Additionally, we hybridized one sample from Lgr5-EGFP high and one sample from Lgr5-EGFP low cells, obtained from Lgr5-EGFP knock-in mice (Barker et al., 2007).
2011-03-14 | E-GEOD-27605 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Ovarian cancer develops early intra-peritoneal metastasis establishing a pro-tumorigenic tumor microenvironment (TME) through reprogramming normal mesenchymal stem cells into carcinoma-associated mesenchymal stem cells (CA-MSCs). CA-MSCs are the stromal stem cell of the TME, supporting cancer growth, increasing desmoplasia, angiogenesis and chemotherapy resistance. We demonstrate epigenetic rewiring drives CA-MSC formation via enhancer-enriched DNA hypermethylation, altered chromatin accessibility and differential histone modifications inducing a partial mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) increasing tumor cell adhesion. Direct CA-MSC:tumor cell interactions, confirmed in patient ascites, facilitate ovarian cancer metastasis through co-migration. WT1, a developmental mediator of MET, and EZH2, mediate CA-MSC epigenetic reprogramming. WT1 overexpression induces CA-MSC conversion while WT1 knock-down, in combination with EZH2 inhibition, blocks CA-MSC formation. EZH2 inhibition subsequently decreases intra-abdominal metastasis.
2020-12-22 | GSE138072 | GEO