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Myc and the Tip60 chromatin remodeling complex control neuroblast maintenance and polarity in Drosophila

ABSTRACT: Transcriptomic analyses of wild type and Domino knockdown 3rd instar larval neural cells

ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster

PROVIDER: GSE112395 | GEO | 2018/05/15

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Myc and the Tip60 chromatin remodeling complex control neuroblast maintenance and polarity in Drosophila

Project description:Stem cells establish cortical polarity and divide asymmetrically to simultaneously maintain themselves and generate differentiating offspring cells. Several chromatin modifiers have been identified as stemness factors in mammalian pluripotent stem cells, but whether these factors control stem cell polarity and asymmetric division has not been investigated so far. We addressed this question in Drosophila neural stem cells called neuroblasts. We identified the Tip60 chromatin remodeling complex and its interaction partner Myc to regulate target genes required for neuroblast maintenance. Knockdown of members of this complex results in loss of cortical polarity, symmetric neuroblast division and premature differentiation through nuclear entry of the transcription factor Prospero. We found that aPKC is the key target gene of Myc and the Tip60 complex subunit Domino regulating neuroblast polarity. Our transcriptome analysis further showed that Domino regulates the expression of mitotic spindle genes which were identified before as direct Myc targets. Our findings reveal an evolutionarily conserved functional link between Myc, the Tip60 complex and the molecular network controlling cell polarity and asymmetric cell division.

2018-07-06 | PXD009939 | Pride

Myc and the Tip60 chromatin remodeling complex control neuroblast maintenance and polarity in Drosophila.

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Myc and the Tip60 chromatin remodeling complex control neuroblast maintenance and polarity in Drosophila

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Project description:Sleep disruptions are among the most commonly-reported symptoms across neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), but mechanisms linking brain development to normal sleep are largely unknown. From a Drosophila screen of human NDD-associated risk genes, we identified the chromatin remodeler Imitation SWItch/SNF (ISWI) to be required for adult fly sleep. To better understand the mechanisms by which ISWI regulates sleep, we performed RNA-Seq analysis on mid-3rd instar larval central nervous systems (central brain + ventral nerve cord) in the setting of pan-neuronal ISWI knockdown (elav-GAL4>UAS-ISWI RNAi) compared to controls (elav-GAL4;+). We chose mid-3rd instar because temporal mapping revealed ISWI knockdown during this pre-adult developmental stage led to adult fly sleep deficits.

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Identification of (E)-β-farnesene impair the development and survival of Chilo suppressalis larval by disrupting insect hormone balance

Project description:In this study, an artificial feeding study containing (E)-β-farnesene (0.8g/kg) with C. suppressalis larvae was conducted to investigate its physical performance, and results revealed that the average 2nd instar duration in C. suppressalis significantly increased from 4.78 days to 6.31 days after Eβf treatment (P<0.001), and in 3rd instar C. larvae also significantly increased from 5.70 days to 8.00 days (P<0.001). There were no significant differences in 4th and 5th C. suppressalis larval between Eβf treatment and control(P>0.05). The mortality rates of 2nd C. suppressalis larvae were increased by 21.00-fold, compared with control(P<0.001), 3rd C. suppressalis larval increased by 6.39-fold(P<0.001). Comparative transcriptome analysis also showed that multiple DEGs involved in insect hormone biosynthesis pathway, the results of hormone assay in 3rd instar larvae showed the balance between juvenile hormones and ecdysteroids was disrupted. Eβf treatment increased juvenile hormones titers, but not the ecdysteroids. The results of qPCR were consistent with RNA-seq. Taken together, Eβf impairs the development and survival of C. suppressalis larvae by disrupting insect hormone balance. Moreover, the altered pathways were associated with carbohydrates, xenobiotics and cofactors and vitamins in C. suppressalis larvae. Altogether, our findings identify Eβf impair the development and survival of C. suppressalis larvae. Additionally, our data also revealed a potential mechanism that Eβf impaired the development and survival of C. suppressalis larval by disrupting insect hormone balance. These findings may contribute to the integrated control of C. suppressalis.

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mRNA microarray of Drosophila melanogaster extratced from cephalic complexes of lgl27S3/lglE2S31 (lgl-null) and FRT82B (wild-type) 3rd instar larvae

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Expression data from larvae body wall expressing LaminC transgenes

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Developmental time-course study of Drosophila melanogaster, D. sechellia, D. simulans, and D. sim x D.s sec hybrids

Project description:In order to test the hypothesis that adult hybrid misexpression results from the cascading effect of earlier-expressed developmentally important improperly regulated genes, as well as address whether Von Baer’s 3rd law (suggesting that earlier stages of development should be more similar between species than later stages) holds at the level of gene expression, we conducted whole-transcriptome Drosophila melanogaster cDNA microarray-based expression profiling of males of D. melanogaster, D. sechellia, and D. simulans, at four synchronized developmental time-points (3rd instar larval [larval], early pupal, late pupal, and newly-emerged adult [adult]). D. simulans and D. sechellia shared a most recent common ancestor (MRCA) ~0.5 to 1.0 million years ago (MYA) and form a clade that shared an MRCA with D. melanogaster approximately 5.4 MYA. In addition, we also performed the same analysis on the male interspecific F1 hybrids of the D. simulans (♀) × D. sechellia (♂) cross.

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