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Staphylococcus aureus gene expression during infection and antibiotic treatment with moxifloxacin in a guinea pig biofilm infection model

ABSTRACT: Staphylococcus aureus is a major agent in device related infections. Upon infection, it upregulates virulence factors and adapts to host environment. We investigated the gene expression profile of S. aureus in a guinea pig infection model. Four Teflon® cages were placed subcutaneously in each of 12 animals prior to inoculation of a S. aureus strain from a patient with prosthetic joint infection (PJI). The animals were divided into two groups of six, one treated with moxifloxacin after three days of infection and for four days, and the other untreated. Cage fluid and cages were collected for RNA sequencing analysis and metabolomics. The gene expression profiles in untreated controls on day 7 and 9 were not differentiable and resemble the profile reported for the PJI case from where the strain originated. Compared to the profiles from day 3, we found upregulation of ammonia production through urea degradation, arginine deiminase and acetoin biosynthesis pathways on day 7 and 9, while several virulence genes were downregulated. Interestingly, the transcriptome seven day after termination of moxifloxacin treatment resembled infection day 3. Overall, the gene expression profiles showed adaptation to hypoxic and acidic environment during infection development. We deem the model to be suitable for pathogenesis studies.

ORGANISM(S): Staphylococcus aureus

PROVIDER: GSE118015 | GEO | 2018/08/02

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), a devastating complication of total joint replacement, is of incompletely understood pathogenesis and may sometimes be challenging to clinically distinguish from other causes of arthroplasty failure. We characterized human gene expression in 93 specimens derived from surfaces of resected arthroplasties, comparing transcriptomes of subjects with infection- versus non-infection-associated arthroplasty failure. Differential gene expression analysis confirmed 28 previously reported potential biomarkers of PJI, including bactericidal/permeability increasing protein (BPI), cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP), C-C-motif chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3), 4(CCL4), and C-X-C-motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2), colony stimulating factor 2 receptor beta (CSF2RB), colony stimulating factor 3 (CSF3), alpha-defensin (DEFA4), Fc fragment of IgG receptor 1B (CD64B), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), interferon gamma (IFNG), interleukin 13 receptor subunit alpha 2 (IL13RA2), interleukin 17D (IL17D), interleukin 1 (IL1A, IL1B, IL1RN), interleukin 2 receptors (IL2RA, IL2RG), interleukin 5 receptor (IL5RA), interleukin 6 (IL6), interleukin 8 (IL8), lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), lipocalin (LCN2), lactate dehydrogenase C (LDHC), lactotransferrin (LTF), matrix metallopeptidase 3 (MMP3), peptidase inhibitor 3 (PI3), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), and identified three novel molecules of potential diagnostic use for detection of PJI, namely C-C-motif chemokine ligand CCL20, coagulation factor VII (F7), and B cell receptor FCRL4. Comparative analysis of infections caused by staphylococci versus bacteria other than staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus versus Staphylococcus epidermidis showed elevated expression of interleukin 13 (IL13), IL17D, and MMP3 in staphylococcal infections, and of IL1B, IL8, and platelet factor PF4V1 in S. aureus compared to S. epidermidis infections. Pathway analysis of over-represented genes suggested activation of host immune response and cellular maintenance and repair functions in response to invasion of infectious agents. The data presented provides new potential targets for diagnosis of PJI and for differentiation of PJI caused by different infectious agents.

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Staphylococcus aureus gene expression during infection and antibiotic treatment with moxifloxacin in a guinea pig biofilm infection model

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