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Project description:Pomalidomide inhibits PD-L1 induction to promote anti-tumor immunity
| PRJNA494725 | ENA
Project description:Blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 immunosuppressive pathway has shown promise in the treatment of certain cancers including melanoma. This study investigates differences in the gene expression profiles of human melanomas that do or do not display the immunosuppressive protein PD-L1. Further understanding of genes expressed within the tumor microenvironment of PD-L1+ tumors may lead to improved rationally designed treatments. Gene expression profiling was performed on total RNA extracted by laser capture microdissection from 11 archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) melanoma specimens, 5 of which were PD-L1 positive and 6 PD-L1 negative. Details of the design, and the gene signatures found are given in the paper associated with this GEO Series: Janis M. Taube, Geoffrey D. Young, Tracee L. McMiller, Shuming Chen, January T. Salas, Theresa S. Pritchard, Haiying Xu, Alan K. Meeker, Jinshui Fan, Chris Cheadle, Alan E. Berger, Drew M. Pardoll, and Suzanne L. Topalian, Differential expression of immune-regulatory genes associated with PD-L1 display in melanoma: implications for PD-1 pathway blockade, Clin Cancer Res 2015, in press.
2015-05-01 | E-GEOD-65041 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background & Aims: The liver is one of the organs most commonly affected by metastasis. The presence of liver metastasis is reported to be responsible for an immunosuppressive microenvironment and diminished immunotherapy efficacy. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of IL-10 in liver metastasis formation and decipher its therapeutic potential in affecting immunotherapy effectiveness. Methods: To induce spontaneous or forced liver metastasis in mice, murine cancer cells (MC38) or colon tumor organoids were injected into the cecum or the spleen, respectively. Mice with complete and cell-type specific deletion of IL-10- and IL-10Ra were used to identify the source and the target of IL-10 during metastasis formation. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-deficient mice were used to test the role of this checkpoint. Flow cytometry was applied to characterize the regulation of IL-10 on PD-L1. Results: We found that Il10-deficient mice and mice treated with IL-10Ra antibodies were protected against liver metastasis formation. Furthermore, by using IL-10 reporter mice, we demonstrated that Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) were the major cellular source of IL-10 in liver metastatic sites. Accordingly, deletion of IL-10 in Tregs, but not in myeloid cells, led to reduced liver metastasis. Mechanistically, IL-10 acted on Tregs in an autocrine manner, thereby further amplifying IL-10 production. Furthermore, IL-10 acted on myeloid cells, i.e., monocytes, and induced the upregulation of the immune checkpoint protein PD-L1. Finally, the PD-L1/PD-1 axis attenuated CD8-dependent cytotoxicity against metastatic lesions. Conclusions: Treg-derived IL-10 upregulates PD-L1 expression in monocytes, which in turn reduces CD8+ T-cell infiltration and related antitumor immunity in the context of colorectal cancer (CRC)-derived liver metastasis. These findings provide the basis for future monitoring and targeting of IL-10 in CRC-derived liver metastasis.
2024-02-09 | GSE247304 | GEO
Project description:Aberrant expression of immune checkpoint protein programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) promotes immune tolerance in cancer. RB is a tumor suppressor known to regulate the cell cycle, DNA damage response, and differentiation. Here, we demonstrate transient knockdown or homozygous deletion of RB markedly induces PD-L1 mRNA expression. RB binds to NFκB protein p65 and serine-249/threonine-252 (S249/T252) phosphorylation of RB is important for its interaction with p65 and suppression of PD-L1 expression. RNA-seq analysis identifies a subset of NFκB pathway genes including PD-L1 are selectively upregulated by RB knockdown. S249/T252-phosphorylated RB inversely correlates with PD-L1 expression in patient samples. Expression of a RB-derived S249/T252 phospho-mimicking peptide blocks radiation-induced PD-L1 expression and increases the anti-cancer efficacy of radiation in mice. Our findings reveal a previously unappreciated tumor suppressor function of hyperphosphorylated RB in inhibition of NFκB activity and PD-L1 expression, suggesting this regulatory module can be exploited to overcome cancer immune evasion.
2018-11-19 | GSE109724 | GEO
Project description:Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) is known to suppress immune system and to be an unfavorable prognostic factor in ovarian cancer. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the function of PD-L1 in peritoneal dissemination. Tumor cell lysis by CTLs was attenuated when PD-L1 on tumor cells was overexpressed and promoted when it was silenced. PD-L1 overexpression also inhibited gathering and degranulation of CTLs. Gene expression profile of mouse CTLs caused by PD-L1-overexpressing ovarian cancer was related to human CTLs exhaustion. In mouse ovarian cancer dissemination models, depleting PD-L1 expression on tumor cells resulted in inhibited tumor growth in the peritoneal cavity and prolonged survival. Restoring immune function by inhibiting immune-suppressive factors such as PD-L1 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for peritoneal dissemination. Genome-wide transcriptional changes in OT-1 mouse CD8+ T cells that were co-incubated with OVA peptide-loaded ID8 mouse ovarian cancer cell lines. CTLs from 4 mice were devided into 2 groups, and co-incubated with PD-L1-overexpressed ID8 or PD-L1-depleted ID8.
2012-07-09 | E-GEOD-39205 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 immunosuppressive pathway has shown promise in the treatment of certain cancers including melanoma. This study investigates differences in the gene expression profiles of human melanomas that do or do not display the immunosuppressive protein PD-L1. Further understanding of genes expressed within the tumor microenvironment of PD-L1+ tumors may lead to improved rationally designed treatments.
2015-05-01 | GSE65041 | GEO
Project description:PD-L1 Inhibitor Regulates the miR-33a-5p/PTEN Signaling Pathway and Can Be Targeted to Sensitize Glioblastomas to Radiation. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal brain tumor in adults. Ionizing radiation (IR) is a standard treatment for GBM patients and results in DNA damage. However, the clinical efficacy of IR is limited due to therapeutic resistance. The programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade has a shown the potential to increase the efficacy of radiotherapy by inhibiting DNA damage and repair responses. The miR-33a-5p is an essential microRNA that promotes GBM growth and self-renewal. In this study, we investigated whether a PD-L1 inhibitor (a small molecule inhibitor) exerted radio-sensitive effects to impart an anti-tumor function in GBM cells by modulating miR-33a-5p. U87 MG cells and U251 cells were pretreated with PD-L1 inhibitor. The PD-L1 inhibitor-induced radio-sensitivity in these cells was assessed by assaying cellular apoptosis, clonogenic survival assays, and migration. TargetScan and luciferase assay showed that miR-33a-5p targeted the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) 3' untranslated region. The expression level of PTEN was measured by western blotting, and was also silenced using small interfering RNAs. The levels of DNA damage following radiation was measured by the presence of γ-H2AX foci, cell cycle, and the mRNA of the DNA damage-related genes, BRCA1, NBS1, RAD50, and MRE11. Our results demonstrated that the PD-L1 inhibitor significantly decreased the expression of the target gene, miR-33a-5p. In addition, pretreatment of U87 MG and U251 cells with the PD-L1 inhibitor increased radio-sensitivity, as indicated by increased apoptosis, while decreased survival and migration of GBM cells. Mir-33a-5p overexpression or silencing PTEN in U87 MG and U251 cells significantly attenuated PD-L1 radiosensitive effect. Additionally, PD-L1 inhibitor treatment suppressed the expression of the DNA damage response-related genes, BRCA1, NBS1, RAD50, and MRE11. Our results demonstrated a novel role for the PD-L1 inhibitor in inducing radio- sensitivity in GBM cells, where inhibiting miR-33a-5p, leading to PTEN activated, and inducing DNA damage was crucial for antitumor immunotherapies to treat GBM.
2020-04-21 | E-MTAB-9007 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Although membrane-anchored Pd-l1 has been well-studied for its engagement with PD-1 on T cells to evade anti-tumor immunity, whether Pd-l1 regulate oncogenic signaling pathways in tumor cells remains elusive. In this experiment, to further dissect roles of the K262 residue acetylation for Pd-l1 nuclear function, we profiled RNA expression of WT or K262Q mutant mouse Pd-l1 re-expressed in CT26 KO Pd-l1 cells. Methods: Total RNA fromCT26/Vector, CT26/WT or CT26 Pd-l1 KO cells was purified using Qiagen RNeasy mini kit (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Library preparation and sequenceing analysis were performed by BGI-Hong Kong Co. Ltd. Conclusions: Our study indicates that Pd-l1 acetylation modification may affect its function in nuclear.
2020-06-07 | GSE146557 | GEO
Project description:The cell-autonomous balance of immune-inhibitory and -stimulatory signals is a critical process in cancer immune evasion. Using patient-derived co-cultures, humanized mouse models, and single cell RNA-sequencing of patient melanomas biopsied before and on immune checkpoint blockade, we find that intact cancer-cell-intrinsic expression of CD58 and ligation to CD2 is required for anti-tumor immunity and is predictive of treatment response. Defects in this axis promote immune evasion through diminished T cell activation, impaired intratumoral T cell infiltration and proliferation, and concurrently increased PD-L1 protein stabilization. Through CRISPR-Cas9 and proteomics screens, we identify and validate CMTM6 as critical for CD58 maintenance and upregulation of PD-L1 upon CD58 loss. Competition by CD58 and PD-L1 for CMTM6 (via both extracellular loop domains) determines their rate of endosomal recycling over lysosomal degradation. Overall, we describe an underappreciated yet critical axis of cancer immunity and provide a molecular basis for how cancer cells balance immune inhibitory and stimulatory cues.
2023-07-06 | PXD039710 | Pride
Project description:Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis has transformed the field of immune-oncology. While conventional wisdom initially postulated that PD-L1 serves as the inert ligand for PD-1, an emerging body of literature suggests that PD-L1 has cell‑intrinsic functions in immune and cancer cells. In line with these studies, here we show that PD-L1 potently inhibits the type I interferon pathway in cancer cells. Hampered type I interferon responses in PD-L1-expressing cells resulted in enhanced infection with oncolytic viruses in cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. PD-L1 expression marks tumor explants from cancer patients that are best infected by oncolytic viruses. Agonistic antibodies targeting PD-L1 further reduced type I IFN responses and enhanced oncolytic virus infection. Mechanistically, PD-L1 suppressed type I interferon by promoting Warburg metabolism, characterized by enhanced glucose uptake and glycolysis rate. Lactate generated from glycolysis was the key metabolite responsible for inhibiting type I interferon responses and enhancing oncolytic virus infection in PD‑L1‑expressing cells. In addition to adding mechanistic insight into PD-L1 intrinsic function and showing that PD-L1 has a broader impact on immunity and cancer biology besides acting as a ligand for PD-1, our results will also help guide the numerous efforts currently ongoing to combine PD-L1 antibodies with oncolytic virotherapy in clinical trials.
2023-06-28 | GSE210884 | GEO