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Analysis of Transcriptional Responses to Altitude-Induced Hypoxia in Bronchial Epithelium, Bronchio-Alveolar Cells, and Blood Reveals Differences Between Smokers and Nonsmokers [blood]

ABSTRACT: Blood, bronchial epithelium, and bronchio-alveolar cells were collected in a double blind study. Individuals were exposed to 'ground' and 'flight' conditions using a hypobaric chamber for approximately 5 hours. Blood samples were collected over 4 time points and both bronchial cells were collected at the last time point. Overall design: Samples were collected from 20 individuals, comprised of 10 smokers and 10 nonsmokers. Both subgroups of smokers and nonsmokers were comprised of 5 males and 5 females each. Collection timepoint 1 = taken at time 0, before exposure to 'altitude' Collection timepoint 2 = taken after 30 minutes exposure to 'altitude' Collection timepoint 3 = taken after 4 hours exposure to 'altitude' Collection timepoint 4 = taken 1.5 hours after exposure to 'altitude' ended

INSTRUMENT(S): [HTA-2_0] Affymetrix Human Transcriptome Array 2.0 [transcript (gene) version]

ORGANISM(S): Homo Sapiens

SUBMITTER: Susan Kasko Munster

PROVIDER: GSE120906 | GEO | 2021-09-14

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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			Action	DRS
	GSE120906_RAW.tar	Raw
	filelist.txt	Txt

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Monitoring disparities in secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is important for tailoring smoke-free policies to the needs of different groups. We examined disparity and trends in SHS exposure among both nonsmokers and smokers at Japanese workplaces between 2002 and 2012. METHODS:A total of 32,940 employees in nationally representative, population-based, repeated cross-sectional surveys in 2002, 2007 and 2012 in Japan was analyzed. Adjusted rate ratios for workplace SHS exposure from other people ("everyday" and "everyday or sometimes") were calculated according to covariates, using log-binomial regression models with survey weights. In this survey, employees who do not smoke at workplace are defined as workplace-nonsmokers; and those smoke at workplace are used as workplace-smokers. SHS exposure for smokers does not involve their own SHS. RESULTS:While everyday SHS exposure prevalence in workplace-nonsmokers decreased markedly (33.2% to 11.4%), that in workplace-smokers decreased only slightly (63.3% to 55.6%). Workplace-smokers were significantly more likely to report everyday SHS exposure than workplace-nonsmokers, and the degree of association increased over time: compared with the nonsmokers (reference), covariates-adjusted rate ratio (95% confidence interval) for the smokers increased from 1.70 (1.62-1.77) in 2002 to 4.16 (3.79-4.56) in 2012. Similar results were observed for everyday or sometimes SHS exposure. Compared with complete workplace smoking bans, partial and no bans were consistently and significantly associated with high SHS exposure among both nonsmokers and smokers. We also observed disparities in SHS exposure by employee characteristics, such as age group and worksite scale. CONCLUSIONS:Although overall SHS exposure decreased among Japanese employees between 2002 and 2012, the SHS exposure disparity between nonsmokers and smokers widened. Because smokers reported more frequent SHS exposure than nonsmokers, subsequent mortality due to SHS exposure may be higher in smokers than in nonsmokers. This information may be useful for advocating workplace smoke-free policies.

Project description:BACKGROUND:The notion that smoking cannabis may damage the respiratory tract has been introduced in recent years but there is still a paucity of studies on this subject. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cannabis smoking, pneumothorax and bullous lung disease in a population of operated patients. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We performed a retrospective study on patients operated on for spontaneous pneumothorax. Patients were divided into three groups according to their smoking habit: cannabis smokers, only-tobacco smokers and nonsmokers. Cannabis lifetime exposure was expressed in dose-years (1d/y = 1 gram of cannabis/week for one year). Clinical, radiological and perioperative variables were collected. The variables were analyzed to find associations with smoking habit. The impact of the amount of cannabis consumption was also investigated by ROC curves analysis. Of 112 patients, 39 smoked cannabis, 23 smoked only tobacco and 50 were nonsmokers. Median cannabis consumption was 28 dose/years, median tobacco consumption was 6 pack/years. Cannabis smokers presented with more severe chronic respiratory symptoms and bullous lung disease and with a higher incidence of tension pneumothorax than both tobacco smokers and nonsmokers. Cannabis smokers also developed a larger pneumothorax, experienced prolonged postoperative stay and demonstrated a higher incidence of pneumothorax recurrence after the operation than nonsmokers did. The risk of occurrence of chronic respiratory symptoms and bullous lung disease in cannabis smokers was dose-related. CONCLUSIONS:Cannabis smoking seems to increase the risk of suffering from respiratory complaints and can have detrimental effects on lung parenchyma, in a dose-dependent manner. Cannabis smoking also negatively affected the outcome of patients operated for spontaneous pneumothorax. A history of cannabis abuse should always be taken in patients with pneumothorax. There may be need for a specific treatment for pneumothorax in cannabis smokers.

Dataset Information

Analysis of Transcriptional Responses to Altitude-Induced Hypoxia in Bronchial Epithelium, Bronchio-Alveolar Cells, and Blood Reveals Differences Between Smokers and Nonsmokers [blood]

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