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An atlas of vagal sensory neurons and their molecular specialization

ABSTRACT: Sensory functions of the vagus nerve are critical for specific aware perceptions and for monitoring visceral functions in the cardio-pulmonary and gastrointestinal systems. Here we present a comprehensive identification, classification, and validation of the neuron types in the neural crest (jugular) and placode (nodose) derived vagal ganglia by single cell transcriptomic (scRNA-seq) analysis. Our results reveal major differences between neurons derived from different embryonic origins. Jugular neurons exhibit fundamental similarities to the somatosensory spinal neurons, including major types such as C-low threshold mechanoreceptors (C-LTMRs), A-LTMRs, Aδ-nociceptors, cold-, and mechano-heat C-nociceptors. In contrast, the nodose ganglion contains 18 distinct types dedicated to surveying the physiological state of the internal body. Our results reveal a vast diversity of vagal neuron types including many previously unanticipated types as well as proposed types that are consistent with chemoreceptors, nutrient detectors, baroreceptors, and stretch and volume mechanoreceptors of the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and cardiovascular systems.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE124312 | GEO | 2019/05/20

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Sensory neurons are distinguished by distinct signaling networks and receptive characteristics. Thus, sensory neuron types can be defined by linking transcriptome-based neuron typing with the sensory phenotypes. Here we classify somatosensory neurons of the mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) by high-coverage single-cell RNA-sequencing (10 950 Â± 1 218 genes per neuron) and neuron size-based hierarchical clustering. Moreover, single DRG neurons responding to cutaneous stimuli are recorded using an in vivo whole-cell patch clamp technique and classified by neuron-type genetic markers. Small diameter DRG neurons are classified into one type of low-threshold mechanoreceptor and five types of mechanoheat nociceptors (MHNs). Each of the MHN types is further categorized into two subtypes. Large DRG neurons are categorized into four types, including neurexophilin 1-expressing MHNs and mechanical nociceptors (MNs) expressing BAI1-associated protein 2-like 1 (Baiap2l1). Mechanoreceptors expressing trafficking protein particle complex 3-like and Baiap2l1-marked MNs are subdivided into two subtypes each. These results provide a new system for cataloging somatosensory neurons and their transcriptome databases. RNA-seq of mRNA levels in 197 individual DRG neurons We performed RNA-seq on total 203 individual DRG neurons. Six of them were not qualified and thus, were excluded for further analysis. To evaluate the quality of RNA-seq, we randomly devided No.72 neurons into two parts and performed RNA-seq seperately. Thus, we had 204 individual samples from 203 individual DRG and 198 individual qualified samples from 197 individual DRG. To evaluate the homogeneity of RNA-seq data from different mice at the same age just as used, we performed RNA-seq on 5 single DRG from different mice. Here, these data from DRG were also considered as experimental control. The 'DRG_neurons_RNA_Seq.txt' contains processed data for 204 samples and 'DRG_RNA_Seq.txt' for 5 samples.

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An atlas of vagal sensory neurons and their molecular specialization

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