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Nuclear control of mitochondrial function mediated by Zbtb11

ABSTRACT: Zbtb11 is an uncharacterised transcription factor that is conserved in vertebrates. Mutations in its human gene cause a form of inherited intellectual disablity, while in zebrafish Zbtb11 mutations lead to impaired hematopoesis and neruonal development. We used a combination of functional genomics approaches to determine its functions. To determine the genomic Zbtb11 binding locations, we carried out ChIP-seq using FLAG antibodies in a cell line with the endogenous Zbtb11 N-terminally tagged with FLAG (Zbtb11 FLAG/FLAG), as well as using an anti-Zbtb11 antibody in a wild type line. To determine the genes regulated by Zbtb11 we generated an inducible KO line (Zbtb11 lox/lox, Rosa26 ERt2-Cre) that allows the rapid depletion of Zbtb11 upon treatment with 4-hydroxytamoxyfen (4OHT). We treated Zbtb11 lox/lox, Rosa26 ERt2-Cre cells either with 4OHT (Zbtb11 KO) or ethanol (EtOH) as control, and subsequently performed directional RNA-seq from samples collected 48 hours post-treatment. As control for the effect of 4OHT on gene expression, we also compared Zbtb11 KO cells to wild type cells treated with 4OHT. The two ChIP-seq approaches showed very good overlap and allowed us to generate a set of high-confidence Zbtb11 binding sites common to both peak sets. We found Zbtb11 preferentially binds to a subset of house-keeping genes among which genes encoding proteins with mitochondrial functions are enriched. Upon Zbtb11 deletion, 154 genes changed expression 48 hours later, the vast majority of them down-regulated. Integration of ChIP-seq and RNA-seq data allowed us to identify the genes directly regulated by Zbtb11, and these were significantly enriched in genes with mitochondrial functions, with respiratory complex I and mitoribosome biogenesis being the overrepresented pathways. Subsequent biochemical experiments confirmed Zbtb11 is required for respiratory complex I assembly and for mitochondrial translation. In agreement with these findings Zbtb11 KO led to impaired respiration, proliferation arrest and cell death.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE125047 | GEO | 2020/01/14

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The mammalian FoxO transcription factors - FoxO1, FoxO3, FoxO4 - function in the nucleus to direct transcription of specific gene targets governing cellular survival, proliferation, metabolism, differentiation and oxidative defense. Activation of PI3K by extracellular growth factors leads to AKT-mediated phosphorylation of FoxO1, FoxO3 and FoxO4, resulting in their sequestration in the cytoplasm such that they are unable to regulate their gene targets. Our study identified FoxOs as novel tumor suppressors in kidney cancer (Gan et al, 2010, Cancer Cell). To understand the tumor suppression function of FoxOs in kidney cancer cells, we performed gene expression profiling in human kidney cancer cells upon FoxO1 or FoxO3 reactivation in order to identify the key transcriptomic alterations mediating FoxO tumor suppression function in kidney cancer cells. We generated RCC4 and UMRC2 cell lines (two human kidney cancer cells with low endogenous FoxO1 and FoxO3 expression) with stable expression of FoxO1(TA)ERT2 or FoxO3(TA)ERT2 construct, which expressed a fusion protein consisting of FoxO(TA) (containing three Ser/Thr AKT phosphorylation sites mutated to alanine) fused to the T2-modified estrogen receptor (ERT2) moiety. We documented that the FoxO(TA)ERT2 fusion protein sequestered FoxO(TA) in the cytoplasm and that 4OHT treatment resulted in rapid translocation of FoxO(TA)ERT2 into the nucleus. We also established stable cell lines with ERT2 expression as control cell lines. (For simplicity, ERT2, FoxO1(TA)ERT2 and FoxO3(TA)ERT2 cell lines will be referred to as EV (empty vector), FoxO1 and FoxO3, respectively, hereafter). We then conducted comparative transcriptome analysis (using the Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array) of EV, FoxO1, or FoxO3-expressing RCC4 and UMRC2 cells at 12 hours with or without 100 nm 4OHT treatment (cultured in DMEM+10% FBS with puromycin selection). To enrich for more proximal actions of FoxO, we selected the 12 hour time point as time course studies revealed dramatic transcriptional changes of known FoxO targets (such as Cyclin D1), yet no discernable cellular phenotypes (apoptosis and cell cycle arrest). We generated 4 transcriptome datasets: FoxO1 RCC4, FoxO3 RCC4, FoxO1 UMRC2, and FoxO3 UMRC2 (by comparing transcriptome data with or without 4OHT treatment), and normalized these transcriptome data against 4OHT-treated EV cells, which show modest 4OHT-induced transcriptional changes.

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Nuclear control of mitochondrial function mediated by Zbtb11

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