Specificity of enhancer selection by IRF3, IRF5 and IRF9 in dendritic cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE125340 | GEO | 2019/07/31
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:The Interferon Regulatory Factors (IRFs) are essential regulators of the innate immune response to viruses. IRFs 3, 5, and 7 drive type-1-interferon and cytokine production in a cell-type and stimulus-specific manner, suggesting regulatory complexity. IRFs 3, 5 and 7 bind DNA as phosphorylation-activated dimers and are classically described as binding a doublet of the canonical IRF binding site: 5'-AANNGAAA-3’. IRF3/5/7 have both common and distinct gene targets and the simple canonical motif does not capture the regulatory complexity of IRF-dependent gene expression. Previous studies, both low and high throughput, have refined our understanding of IRF regulation, yet a systematic comparison of DNA binding preferences for active, dimeric IRF complexes has not been performed. To address this, we designed an IRF-specific, custom protein-binding microarray (PBM) that includes synthetic IRF binding sites as well as type-1-interferon and cytokine promoters. Using constitutively active, phosphomimetic IRF3, 5 and 7 dimers, we find key DNA binding differences for these factors with implications for IRF-dependent gene regulation.
2018-01-12 | GSE109117 | GEO
Project description:To investigate the role of the IRF family in the regulation of interferon stimulated genes, we conducted CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing of Irf3, Irf7 or Irf9 in sgScd2 Th1 cells. We then performed gene expression profiling analysis using data obtained from RNA-seq of control, sgScd2, sgScd2/sgIrf3, sgScd2/sgIrf7 or sgScd2/sgIrf9 Th1 cells.
2022-08-03 | GSE200636 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptomic analyses of pDCs show that the partitioning of TLR/IRF5 and RLR/IRF3 pathways confers differential gene expression and immune cytokine production in pDCs, linking IRF5 with immune regulatory and proinflammatory gene expression.
2017-12-27 | GSE108526 | GEO
Project description:Synthetic oligonucleotides (ODNs) containing CpG motifs stimulate human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) to produce type-1 interferons (IFN) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Previous studies demonstrated that interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) played a central role in mediating CpG-induced pDC activation. This work explores the inverse effects of IRF-5 and IRF-8 on CpG dependent gene expression. Results from RNA interference and microarray studies indicate that IRF-5 up-regulates TLR9-driven gene expression whereas IRF-8 down-regulates the same genes. Several findings support the conclusion that IRF-8 inhibits TLR9 dependent gene expression by directly blocking the activity of IRF-5. First, the inhibitory activity of IRF-8 is only observed when IRF-5 is present. Second, proximity ligation analysis shows that IRF-8 and IRF-5 co-localize within the cytoplasm of resting human pDC and co-translocate to the nucleus after CpG stimulation. Taken together, these findings suggest that two transcription factors with opposing functions control TLR9 signaling in human pDCs.
2016-06-01 | GSE70429 | GEO
Project description:Interferon (IFN) β and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) α are key players in immunity against pathogens as well as in the development of autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Accordingly, their molecular pathways have attracted much interest as therapeutic targets. Compelling evidence has shown that the antiviral and inflammatory transcriptional response induced by IFNβ is reprogrammed by crosstalk with TNFα. IFNβ typically induces interferon-stimulated genes by the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway leading to activation of the canonical ISGF3 transcriptional complex, composed of STAT1, STAT2 and IRF9. The signaling pathways engaged downstream of the combination of IFNβ and TNFα remain elusive, but previous observations suggested the existence of a response independent of STAT1. Here, using genome-wide transcriptional analysis by RNASeq, we observed a broad antiviral and immunoregulatory response initiated in the absence of STAT1 upon IFNβ and TNFα costimulation. Additional stratification of this transcriptional response with respect to the role of STAT2 and IRF9 revealed that they mediate the expression of a wide spectrum of genes. While a subset of genes was regulated by the concerted action of STAT2 and IRF9, other gene sets were independently regulated by STAT2 or IRF9. Collectively, our data supports a model in which STAT2 and IRF9 act through non-canonical parallel pathways to regulate distinct pool of genes in response to IFNβ and TNFα. This study provides novel insights into the molecular pathways leading to antiviral and immunoregulatory gene expression in conditions where elevated levels of both IFNβ and TNFα are present.
2018-02-28 | GSE111195 | GEO
Project description:Synthetic oligonucleotides (ODNs) containing CpG motifs stimulate human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) to produce type-1 interferons (IFN) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Previous studies demonstrated that interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) played a central role in mediating CpG-induced pDC activation. This work explores the inverse effects of IRF-5 and IRF-8 on CpG dependent gene expression. Results from RNA interference and microarray studies indicate that IRF-5 up-regulates TLR9-driven gene expression whereas IRF-8 down-regulates the same genes. Several findings support the conclusion that IRF-8 inhibits TLR9 dependent gene expression by directly blocking the activity of IRF-5. First, the inhibitory activity of IRF-8 is only observed when IRF-5 is present. Second, proximity ligation analysis shows that IRF-8 and IRF-5 co-localize within the cytoplasm of resting human pDC and co-translocate to the nucleus after CpG stimulation. Taken together, these findings suggest that two transcription factors with opposing functions control TLR9 signaling in human pDCs. CAL-1 cells were transfected with siRNA targeting IRF-5 (IRF-5si) and left unstimulated (n=4, technical repeats) or stimulated with K-type CpG ODN (n=4, technical repeats). CAL-1 cells were transfected with siRNA targeting IRF-8 (IRF-8si) and left unstimulated (n=4, technical repeats) or stimulated with K-type CpG ODN (n=4, technical repeats). CAL-1 cells were transfected with control siRNA (Contsi) and left unstimulated (n=4, technical repeats) or stimulated with K-type CpG ODN (n=4, technical repeats).
2016-06-01 | E-GEOD-70429 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Genetic variants in IRF5 are associated with multiple immune-mediated diseases. IRF5 has been predominantly focused on for its regulation of myeloid-derived cells. We found that IRF5 contributes to CD4+ T cell outcomes and that it regulates early T cell receptor-initiated signaling and subsequently translocates to the nucleus where it binds to promoters of various genes regulated with T cell activation. We report the chromatin state of freshly isolated and activated IRF5+/+ and IRF5-/- CD4+ T cells in vitro. While there are minimal differential peaks between freshly isolated IRF5+/+ and IRF5-/- CD4+ T cells, once activated multiple differential peaks are observed between IRF5+/+ and IRF5-/- CD4+ T cells.
2020-06-29 | GSE148672 | GEO
Project description:Interferon-regulatory factors (IRFs) are a family of transcription factors (TFs) that play critical roles in translating viral recognition into antiviral responses, including type I IFN production. Dengue virus (DENV) and other clinically important flaviviruses are controlled by functional type I interferon (IFN) responses. Using an experimental model of DENV infection that recapitulates key aspects of the human disease in mice, we demonstrate that while mice lacking the type I IFN receptor (Ifnar1-/-) succumb to DENV infection, mice that are deficient in IRF-3, IRF-5, and IRF-7 – the three transcription factors thought to regulate type I IFN production – survive DENV challenge. Genome-wide RNA-seq analysis of WT, Irf3(-/-)×Irf7(-/-) (DKO), Irf3-/-xIrf5-/-xIrf7-/- (TKO), and Ifnar1-/- (AB6) splenocytes identified minimal type I IFN production but a robust type II IFN (IFN-γ) response in DKO and TKO mice later shown to be dependent on IRF-1. These results reveal a key role for IRF-1 in antiviral defense by activating both type I and II IFN responses during DENV infection.
2017-11-07 | GSE104189 | GEO
Project description:Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have a crucial role in the recognition of pathogens and initiation of immune responses. Here we show that a previously uncharacterized protein encoded by CXorf21—a gene that is associated with systemic lupus erythematosus—interacts with the endolysosomal transporter SLC15A4, an essential but poorly understood component of the endolysosomal TLR machinery also linked to autoimmune disease. Loss of this type-I-interferon-inducible protein, which we refer to as ‘TLR adaptor interacting with SLC15A4 on the lysosome’ (TASL), abrogated responses to endolysosomal TLR agonists in both primary and transformed human immune cells. Deletion of SLC15A4 or TASL specifically impaired the activation of the IRF pathway without affecting NF-κB and MAPK signalling, which indicates that ligand recognition and TLR engagement in the endolysosome occurred normally. Extensive mutagenesis of TASL demonstrated that its localization and function relies on the interaction with SLC15A4. TASL contains a conserved pLxIS motif (in which p denotes a hydrophilic residue and x denotes any residue) that mediates the recruitment and activation of IRF5. This finding shows that TASL is an innate immune adaptor for TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9 signalling, revealing a clear mechanistic analogy with the IRF3 adaptors STING, MAVS and TRIF. The identification of TASL as the component that links endolysosomal TLRs to the IRF5 transcription factor via SLC15A4 provides a mechanistic explanation for the involvement of these proteins in systemic lupus erythematosus.
2020-05-13 | GSE133317 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: To characterise the transcriptomic landscape in monocytes associated with IRF5 expression Methods: RNA sequencing from FACS sorted IRF5+ and IRF5- CD14+ monocytes Results: Differential expression based on IRF5 postiivity provides insight into its roles in monocyte function and in type-2 diabetes Conclusions: This study represents the first analyses of IRF5-dependent transcriptome in circulating monocytes from patients with Type-2 diabetes
2022-07-22 | GSE176216 | GEO