CREB mediates transient and sustained genomic responses to cAMP via distinct mechanisms [RNA-seq]
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus Rattus norvegicus
PROVIDER: GSE126557 | GEO | 2019/06/16
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:We investigated genome-wide occupancy of CREB, CREB coactivators, lineage determining transcription factors and histone acetylation to uncover mechanisms behind tissue-specific gene induction by cAMP in pancreatic islets. CREB mediates effects of cAMP on cellular gene expression. Most core CREB target genes are ubiquitously induced following recruitment of CREB and its coactivators to promoter proximal binding sites. We found that CREB stimulates the expression of pancreatic beta cell genes by binding to sites within distal enhancers. By contrast with its transient effects on core target genes, CREB stimulates pancreatic beta cell specific gene expression in a sustained manner, reflecting increases in the CBP-mediated acetylation of resident nucleosomes that recruit the chromatin reader BRD4. CREB cooperates with the lineage specific activator Neurod1 in establishing cAMP-responsive enhancers in beta cells. As deletion of a CREB-Neurod1 bound enhancer within the Lrrc10b-Syt7 super-enhancer locus disrupted the expression of both genes and decreased glucose-induced insulin secretion, our results demonstrate how cooperativity between signal dependent and lineage determining factors promotes the expression of cell type-specific gene programs in response to extracellular cues.
2019-06-16 | GSE126556 | GEO
Project description:Hormones and nutrients often induce genetic programs via signaling pathways that interface with gene-specific activators. Activation of the cAMP pathway, for example, stimulates cellular gene expression by means of the PKA-mediated phosphorylation of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) at Ser-133. Here, we use genome-wide approaches to characterize target genes that are regulated by CREB in different cellular contexts. CREB was found to occupy approximately 4,000 promoter sites in vivo, depending on the presence and methylation state of consensus cAMP response elements near the promoter. The profiles for CREB occupancy were very similar in different human tissues, and exposure to a cAMP agonist stimulated CREB phosphorylation over a majority of these sites. Only a small proportion of CREB target genes was induced by cAMP in any cell type, however, due in part to the preferential recruitment of the coactivator CREB-binding protein to those promoters. These results indicate that CREB phosphorylation alone is not a reliable predictor of target gene activation and that additional CREB regulatory partners are required for recruitment of the transcriptional apparatus to the promoter.
2006-05-09 | E-WMIT-11 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The CREB family of transcription factors stimulates cellular gene expression following phosphorylation at a conserved serine (Ser133 in CREB1) in response to cAMP and other extracellular signals. In order to characterize CREB target genes in various tissues, we give a cAMP agonist, forskolin (FSK), to cell lines or primary cultures and monitor the gene expression. To eliminate CREB-independent effects of FSK on cellular gene expression, we employed a dominant negative form of CREB called A-CREB, which dimerizes selectively with and blocks the DNA binding activity of CREB but not other bZIP family members. Therefore, genes that are induced by cAMP and the induction was blocked by A-CREB treatment likely represents CREB target genes. Notes:; 1) In HEK293T cells, besides the Control+FSK+(FSK-ACREB) experiments, a different set of experiments showing FSK effect on 1hr and 4hr is included. The two sets of data in HEK293T were generated at different times with different batch of cells, and comparison should be limited within each set. The cAMP induced genes at 1hr, however, was similar between the two sets. 2) These is no ACREB data for pancreatic islets or hepatocytes. For hepatocytes, however, we have included fasting liver and refed liver in additional to FSK treated primary hepatocytes. During fasting, glucagon induces cAMP increase in the liver and CREB is activated. Therefore, a more reliable list of CREB target genes in hepatocytes can be obtained by selecting those genes are that induced both during fasting and in FSK treated primary culture.
2008-06-12 | E-GEOD-2060 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Although persistent elevations in circulating glucose concentrations promote compensatory increases in pancreatic islet mass, unremitting insulin resistance causes a deterioration in beta cell function that disrupts glucose balance and signals the progression to diabetes 1. Glucagon like Peptide 1 (GLP1) agonists improve glucose tolerance in insulin resistance, although some individuals are unresponsive to treatment. Here we show that increases in GLP1 during feeding promote beta cell function in part through the PKA-mediated activation of CREB and its coactivator CRTC2 2. Mice with a knockout of CRTC2 in beta cells have impaired oral glucose tolerance due to decreases in circulating insulin concentrations. CRTC2 was found to promote beta cell function in part by stimulating the expression of the transcription factor MafA. Chronic hyperglycemia associated with high fat or high carbohydrate diet feeding disrupted cAMP signaling in pancreatic islets. Indeed, prolonged elevations in circulating glucose concentrations interfered with CREB signaling by activating the mTOR pathway and triggering the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF1)-dependent induction of the Protein Kinase A Inhibitor beta (PKIB), a potent inhibitor of PKA catalytic activity 3. As disruption of the PKIB gene restored glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in obesity, our results demonstrate how cross-talk between nutrient and hormonal pathways contributes to loss of pancreatic islet function in insulin resistance. Rat insulinoma cells were used to interrogate the impact of glucose exposure and CREB activity on cAMP dependent gene regulation in the pancreatic beta cells
2015-02-23 | E-GEOD-60158 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The CREB family of transcription factors stimulates cellular gene expression following phosphorylation at a conserved serine (Ser133 in CREB1) in response to cAMP and other extracellular signals. In order to characterize CREB target genes in various tissues, we give a cAMP agonist, forskolin (FSK), to cell lines or primary cultures and monitor the gene expression. To eliminate CREB-independent effects of FSK on cellular gene expression, we employed a dominant negative form of CREB called A-CREB, which dimerizes selectively with and blocks the DNA binding activity of CREB but not other bZIP family members. Therefore, genes that are induced by cAMP and the induction was blocked by A-CREB treatment likely represents CREB target genes. Notes: 1) In HEK293T cells, besides the Control+FSK+(FSK-ACREB) experiments, a different set of experiments showing FSK effect on 1hr and 4hr is included. The two sets of data in HEK293T were generated at different times with different batch of cells, and comparison should be limited within each set. The cAMP induced genes at 1hr, however, was similar between the two sets. 2) These is no ACREB data for pancreatic islets or hepatocytes. For hepatocytes, however, we have included fasting liver and refed liver in additional to FSK treated primary hepatocytes. During fasting, glucagon induces cAMP increase in the liver and CREB is activated. Therefore, a more reliable list of CREB target genes in hepatocytes can be obtained by selecting those genes are that induced both during fasting and in FSK treated primary culture. Keywords: parallel sample
2005-03-02 | GSE2060 | GEO
Project description:In this study we show that, in embryonic fibroblasts from mice on a high fat diet and treated with Forskolin, ionizing radiation exposure or both, phosphorylation of CREB-binding protein (CREB) by ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated) and casein kinases 1 and 2 (CK1 and CK2) on a cluster of five phosphorylation sites (the ATM/CK cluster) within the unstructured kinase-inducible domain (KID) provides an additional level of regulation through dynamic modulation of CREB DNA binding activity. Stoichiometric phosphorylation of the ATM/CK cluster in response to DNA damage inhibited cAMP-induced CREB target gene expression, CREB DNA binding activity, and CREB-CRTC2-DNA ternary complex formation proportional to the number of phosphate residues modified. Substoichiometric phosphorylation of the ATM/CK cluster promoted cAMP/Ca2+-regulated transcriptional coactivators (CRTCs) recruitment and CREB activation via an ATM-independent, PKA-dependent pathway. Mice expressing a non-phosphorylatable CREBS111A allele exhibited phenotypes consistent with CREB deregulation, including fasting hyperglycemia, susceptibility to diet-induced obesity, and reduced expression of gluconeogenic genes. Two genotypes: CREB+/+ (wild type) and CREBS111A (non-phosphorylatable CREB KID S111A mutant allele) each control treated, exposed to forskolin, ionizing radiation or both in triplicate and in two batches toataling 48 arrays
2016-07-01 | E-GEOD-83891 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:NEUROD1 is a transcription factor that helps maintain a mature phenotype of pancreatic β cells. Disruption of Neurod1 during pancreatic development causes severe neonatal diabetes; however, the exact role of NEUROD1 in the differentiation programs of endocrine cells is unknown. Here, we report a crucial role of the NEUROD1 regulatory network in endocrine lineage commitment and differentiation. Mechanistically, transcriptome and chromatin landscape analyses demonstrate that Neurod1 inactivation triggers a downregulation of endocrine differentiation transcription factors and upregulation of non-endocrine genes within the Neurod1-deficient endocrine cell population, disturbing endocrine identity acquisition. Neurod1 deficiency altered the H3K27me3 histone modification pattern in promoter regions of differentially expressed genes, which resulted in gene regulatory network changes in the differentiation pathway of endocrine cells, compromising endocrine cell potential, differentiation, and functional properties.
2023-08-17 | GSE236559 | GEO
Project description:In this study we show that, in embryonic fibroblasts from mice on a high fat diet and treated with Forskolin, ionizing radiation exposure or both, phosphorylation of CREB-binding protein (CREB) by ATM (ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated) and casein kinases 1 and 2 (CK1 and CK2) on a cluster of five phosphorylation sites (the ATM/CK cluster) within the unstructured kinase-inducible domain (KID) provides an additional level of regulation through dynamic modulation of CREB DNA binding activity. Stoichiometric phosphorylation of the ATM/CK cluster in response to DNA damage inhibited cAMP-induced CREB target gene expression, CREB DNA binding activity, and CREB-CRTC2-DNA ternary complex formation proportional to the number of phosphate residues modified. Substoichiometric phosphorylation of the ATM/CK cluster promoted cAMP/Ca2+-regulated transcriptional coactivators (CRTCs) recruitment and CREB activation via an ATM-independent, PKA-dependent pathway. Mice expressing a non-phosphorylatable CREBS111A allele exhibited phenotypes consistent with CREB deregulation, including fasting hyperglycemia, susceptibility to diet-induced obesity, and reduced expression of gluconeogenic genes.
2016-07-01 | GSE83891 | GEO
Project description:Populations of circulating immune cells are maintained in equilibrium through signals that enhance the retention or egress of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from bone marrow (BM). Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) stimulates HSC renewal and engraftment, for example, via induction of the cAMP pathway. Triggering of PGE2 receptors increases HSC survival in part via the PKA-mediated induction of the CREB signaling pathway. PKA stimulates cellular gene expression by phosphorylating CREB at Ser133 and by promoting the dephosphorylation of the cAMP Responsive Transcriptional Coactivators (CRTCs). We show here that disruption of both CRTC2 and CRTC3 causes embryonic lethality, and that a single allele of either CRTC2 or CRTC3 is sufficient for viability. CRTC2 knockout mice that express one CRTC3 allele (CRTC2/3m mice) develop neutrophilia and splenomegaly in adulthood due to the up-regulation of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF); these effects are reversed following administration of neutralizing anti-G-CSF antiserum. Adoptive transfer of CRTC2/3m BM conferred the splenomegaly/neutrophilia phenotype on WT recipients. Indeed, targeted disruption of both CRTC2 and CRTC3 in stromal cells with a mesenchymal Prx1-Cre transgene also promoted this phenotype. Depletion of CRTC2/3 was found to decrease the expression of Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 (SOCS3), leading to increases in STAT3 phosphorylation and to the induction of CEBPb, a key regulator of the G-CSF gene. As small molecule inhibition of JAK activity disrupted CEBPb induction and reduced G-CSF expression in CRTC2/3m stromal cells, our results demonstrate how cross-coupling between the CREB/CRTC and JAK/STAT pathways contributes to BM homeostasis.
2018-02-01 | GSE103999 | GEO
Project description:While diabetes incidence is gradually rising worldwide, novel therapeutical approaches are required in the search for a replacement of dysfunctional endocrine tissue, especially beta-cells. A promising potential lies in direct cellular reprogramming of similar cell types sharing common multipotent progenitors. With the knowledge of molecular mechanisms determining the endocrine cell fate commitment and endocrine lineage differentiation, other endocrine cells contained within the islets of Langerhans or closely related cells could be trans- or dedifferentiated either in situ or in vitro with their subsequent transplantation into the patient. NEUROD1 is a transcription factor situated on the base of the gene regulatory network of the developing endocrine precursors, directly downstream of endocrine lineage master regulator NEUROG3. While NEUROG3 initiates a rapid cascade of chromatin reorganization in numerous bivalent promoters resulting in spatiotemporal gene expression leading to differentiation of all endocrine cell subtypes from pancreatic multipotent progenitors, the role of NEUROD1 has yet to be clarified. Notably, NEUROD1 can induce neuronal program through pioneering and chromatin remodelling in other cell types. In this study, we performed advanced molecular and phenotypic analyses in early endocrine-specific Neurod1-deficient mouse model, including RNA and CUT&Tag sequencing and lightsheet microscopy, to gain insight into the NEUROD1-regulated transcription network driving endocrine lineage cell fate commitment. Besides a postnatal diabetic phenotype, disrupted endocrine differentiation and associated altered islet architecture, we observed an apparent elevation in the non-endocrine gene expression pattern and uncovered alterations in the epigenetic landscape of characteristic genes, specifically in the H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 distribution. Therefore, we provide evidence that NEUROD1 is critical player responsible for the establishment of the endocrine cell identity, which further affects endocrine development and may serve as a potent proendocrine reprogramming driver.
2023-08-17 | GSE212082 | GEO