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Induced expression of PD-L1 in spermatogonial stem cells by self-renewal division allows allogeneic offspring production

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE129659 | GEO | 2022/04/11

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Induced expression of PD-L1 in spermatogonial stem cells by self-renewal division allows allogeneic offspring production [Sequencing]

Project description:Testis immune privilege is thought to be mediated by somatic cells. However, it is not strong enough to protect allogeneic spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) transplanted into the seminiferous tubules. Here we report successful production of allogeneic offspring by inducing PD-L1 in SSCs. Activation of self-renewal division induced PD-L1 and B7-H3 expression in cultured SSCs, which produced sperm after allogeneic transplantation. While B7-H3 depletion did not influence colonization, PD-L1 depletion prevented donor-derived spermatogenesis. PD-L1 expression was induced by BCL6B via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, suggesting that self-renewal stimulation confers immune privilege by ROS. In contrast, reduced ROS or Mapk14 deficiency downregulated PD-L1 expression. Allogeneic offspring were produced by SSC transplantation into congenitally infertile mice and busulfan-treated wild-type mice. Therefore, SSCs can escape rejection when their self-renewal division is stimulated.

2022-04-11 | GSE129658 | GEO

Induced expression of PD-L1 in spermatogonial stem cells by self-renewal division allows allogeneic offspring production [microarray]

2022-04-11 | GSE129546 | GEO

Allogeneic offspring produced by induction of PD-L1 in spermatogonial stem cells via self-renewal stimulation.

Project description:The testis is an immune-privileged organ. It is considered that the testis somatic microenvironment is responsible for immune suppression. However, immunological properties of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) have remained unknown. Here, we report the birth of allogeneic offspring by enhanced expression of immunosuppressive PD-L1 in SSCs. In vitro supplementation of GDNF and FGF2 increased expression of PD-L1 in SSCs. Cultured SSCs maintained allogeneic spermatogenesis that persisted for >1 year. However, depletion or gene editing of Pd-l1 family genes in SSCs prevented allogeneic spermatogenesis, which suggested that germ cells are responsible for suppression of the allogeneic response. PD-L1 was induced by activation of the MAPK14-BCL6B pathway, which drives self-renewal by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. By contrast, reduced ROS or Mapk14 deficiency downregulated PD-L1. Allogeneic offspring were born after SSC transplantation into congenitally infertile and chemically castrated mice. Thus, SSCs have unique immunological properties, which make allogeneic recipients into "surrogate fathers."

| S-EPMC10147552 | biostudies-literature

Induced expression of PD-L1 in spermatogonial stem cells by self-renewal division allows allogeneic offspring production

Project description:Induced expression of PD-L1 in spermatogonial stem cells by self-renewal division allows allogeneic offspring production

| PRJNA532403 | ENA

Induced expression of PD-L1 in spermatogonial stem cells by self-renewal division allows allogeneic offspring production [Sequencing]

Project description:Induced expression of PD-L1 in spermatogonial stem cells by self-renewal division allows allogeneic offspring production [Sequencing]

| PRJNA532406 | ENA

Induced expression of PD-L1 in spermatogonial stem cells by self-renewal division allows allogeneic offspring production [microarray]

Project description:Induced expression of PD-L1 in spermatogonial stem cells by self-renewal division allows allogeneic offspring production [microarray]

| PRJNA531697 | ENA

Glutamine protects mouse spermatogonial stem cells against NOX1-derived ROS for sustaining self-renewal division in vitro.

Project description:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated from NADPH oxidases and mitochondria; they are generally harmful for stem cells. Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are unique among tissue-stem cells because they undergo ROS-dependent self-renewal via NOX1 activation. However, the mechanism by which SSCs are protected from ROS remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate a crucial role for Gln in ROS protection using cultured SSCs derived from immature testes. Measurements of amino acids required for SSC cultures revealed the indispensable role of Gln in SSC survival. Gln induced Myc expression to drive SSC self-renewal in vitro, whereas Gln deprivation triggered Trp53-dependent apoptosis and impaired SSC activity. However, apoptosis was attenuated in cultured SSCs that lacked NOX1. In contrast, cultured SSCs lacking Top1mt mitochondria-specific topoisomerase exhibited poor mitochondrial ROS production and underwent apoptosis. Gln deprivation reduced glutathione production; supra-molar Asn supplementation allowed offspring production from SSCs cultured without Gln. Therefore, Gln ensures ROS-dependent SSC-self-renewal by providing protection against NOX1 and inducing Myc.

| S-EPMC10698750 | biostudies-literature

ROS amplification drives mouse spermatogonial stem cell self-renewal.

Project description:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play critical roles in self-renewal division for various stem cell types. However, it remains unclear how ROS signals are integrated with self-renewal machinery. Here, we report that the MAPK14/MAPK7/BCL6B pathway creates a positive feedback loop to drive spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) self-renewal via ROS amplification. The activation of MAPK14 induced MAPK7 phosphorylation in cultured SSCs, and targeted deletion of Mapk14 or Mapk7 resulted in significant SSC deficiency after spermatogonial transplantation. The activation of this signaling pathway not only induced Nox1 but also increased ROS levels. Chemical screening of MAPK7 targets revealed many ROS-dependent spermatogonial transcription factors, of which BCL6B was found to initiate ROS production by increasing Nox1 expression via ETV5-induced nuclear translocation. Because hydrogen peroxide or Nox1 transfection also induced BCL6B nuclear translocation, our results suggest that BCL6B initiates and amplifies ROS signals to activate ROS-dependent spermatogonial transcription factors by forming a positive feedback loop.

| S-EPMC6448598 | biostudies-literature

Myc/Mycn-mediated glycolysis enhances mouse spermatogonial stem cell self-renewal.

Project description:Myc plays critical roles in the self-renewal division of various stem cell types. In spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), Myc controls SSC fate decisions because Myc overexpression induces enhanced self-renewal division, while depletion of Max, a Myc-binding partner, leads to meiotic induction. However, the mechanism by which Myc acts on SSC fate is unclear. Here we demonstrate a critical link between Myc/Mycn gene activity and glycolysis in SSC self-renewal. In SSCs, Myc/Mycn are regulated by Foxo1, whose deficiency impairs SSC self-renewal. Myc/Mycn-deficient SSCs not only undergo limited self-renewal division but also display diminished glycolytic activity. While inhibition of glycolysis decreased SSC activity, chemical stimulation of glycolysis or transfection of active Akt1 or Pdpk1 (phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 ) augmented self-renewal division, and long-term SSC cultures were derived from a nonpermissive strain that showed limited self-renewal division. These results suggested that Myc-mediated glycolysis is an important factor that increases the frequency of SSC self-renewal division.

| S-EPMC5204355 | biostudies-literature

CARF promotes spermatogonial self-renewal and proliferation through Wnt signaling pathway.

Project description:Collaborator of ARF (CARF) regulates cell proliferative fate through both p53-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Recently, we reported a new function of CARF as a positive regulator of Wnt signaling. Despite these findings, the physiological function of CARF has not been well studied. Here, we generated CARF knockout mice and found that male CARF-/- mice exhibited significantly impaired fertility and Sertoli-cell-only (SCO) syndrome phenotypes. Further studies revealed that loss of CARF in Sertoli cells led to decreased GDNF expression, which hindered spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) self-renewal. Meanwhile, CARF loss in undifferentiated spermatogonia impaired their proliferation. These two mechanisms together led to SCO syndrome phenotypes, which could be functionally rescued by pharmacological or genetic reactivation of Wnt signaling. Finally, we identified CARFS351F as a potential pathogenic mutation in an SCO patient. Overall, our findings reveal important roles of CARF in spermatogonial self-renewal and proliferation through the Wnt signaling pathway.

| S-EPMC7674451 | biostudies-literature

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