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Paxillin regulates genomic networks in prostate cancer [PC3]

ABSTRACT: We report that the adaptor protein, paxillin, regulates some proliferative and apoptotic genes in the castration resistant prostate cancer cell line, PC3.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE131730 | GEO | 2019/08/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Paxillin regulates genomic networks in prostate cancer [LNCaP]

Project description:We report that the adaptor protein, paxillin, regulates some androgen responsive genes in the castration sensitive prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP.

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Nuclear Paxillin Modulates Alternative Splicing Programs in Neurons during Sensitive Periods of Brain Development

Project description:During sensitive postnatal periods, brain neural circuits undergo significant refinement coincident with widespread neuronal alternative splicing events in which hundreds of genes alter their splice site selection to generate isoforms essential for synaptic plasticity. Here, we reveal that neuronal activity-dependent serine119 phosphorylation of paxillin (p-paxillin S119) acts as a molecular switch in the nucleus to modulate alternative splicing during this period. We report that following NMDA receptor activation, nuclear p-paxillin S119 is recruited to nuclear speckles, where it interacts with U2AFs and splicing factors. Neuronal paxillin expression is required for timely alternative splicing of synaptic factors, including Snap25. Consequently, young mice lacking paxillin S119 phosphorylation exhibit significantly reduced levels of Snap25-5b isoforms, impaired presynaptic function at hippocampal Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses, and deficits in short-term learning and memory. These findings support the idea that nuclear p-paxillin S119 is a critical mediator of alternative splicing programs in postnatal neurons during a sensitive period essential for neural plasticity.

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Paxillin regulated genomic networks in prostate cancer.

Project description:Paxillin is extensively involved in focal adhesion signaling and kinase signaling throughout the plasma membrane and cytoplasm. However, recent studies in prostate cancer suggest that paxillin also plays a critical role in regulating gene expression within the nucleus, serving as a liaison between cytoplasmic and nuclear MAPK and Androgen Receptor (AR) signaling. Here we used RNA-seq to examine the paxillin-regulated transcriptome in several human prostate cancer cell lines. First, we examined paxillin effects on androgen-mediated transcription in control or paxillin-depleted AR-positive LNCaP and C4-2 human prostate cancer cells. In androgen-dependent LNCaP cells, we found over 1000 paxillin-dependent androgen-responsive genes, some of which are involved in endocrine therapy resistance. Most paxillin-dependent AR-mediated genes in LNCaP cells were no longer paxillin-dependent in androgen-sensitive, castration-resistant C4-2 cells, suggesting that castration-resistance may markedly alter paxillin effects on genomic AR signaling. To examine the paxillin-regulated transcriptome in the absence of androgen signaling, we performed RNA-seq in AR-negative PC3 human prostate cancer cells. Paxillin enhanced several pro-proliferative pathways, including the CyclinD/Rb/E2F and DNA replication/repair pathways. Additionally, paxillin suppressed pro-apoptotic genes, including CASP1 and TNFSF10. Quantitative PCR confirmed that these pathways are similarly regulated by paxillin in LNCaP and C4-2 cells. Functional studies showed that, while paxillin stimulated cell proliferation, it had minimum effect on apoptosis. Thus, paxillin appears to be an important transcriptional regulator in prostate cancer, and analysis of its transcriptome might lead to novel approaches toward the diagnosis and treatment of this important disease.

| S-EPMC6802295 | biostudies-literature