SIN3 LIKE genes mediate long-day induction of flowering but inhibit the floral transition in short days through histone deacetylation in Arabidopsis
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana
PROVIDER: GSE131808 | GEO | 2019/06/28
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Floral transition and flower development are regulated by numerous environmental and endogenous signals, which are integrated at a relatively small number of floral integrators, such as FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and SUPPRESSOR OF CONSTANS OVEREXPRESSION 1 (SOC1). Of the environmental factors, photoperiod is regarded the most important one in promoting floral transition in Arabidopsis thaliana and most labstrains will flower earlier under long day (LD) conditions than under short day (SD) conditions. Arabidopsis is therefore considered a facultative LD plant. To monitor gene expression changes during floral transition and early flower development plants were grown under SD (9 hr light, 15 hr dark) for 30 days. Plants were then shifted to LD (16 hr light, 8 hr dark) conditions to induce flowering. RNA was isolated from micro-dissected apical tissue harvested 0, 3, 5, and 7 days after the shift to LD and double-stranded cDNA was synthesized. Biotinylated cRNA probes were prepared and hybridized to the Affymetrix ATH1 array in duplicate (biological replicates). To study floral transition, we not only analyzed response of wildtype Landsberg erecta (Ler) plants, but also the effect of mutants in the flowering time genes CONSTANS (CO; co-2) and FT (ft-2). Early flower development was analyzed by comparing Col-0 wildtype plants with the meristem identity mutant lfy-12 (Col-0).
2022-11-20 | E-AFMX-8 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Summary StSP6A is a protein with sequence homology to the Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). FT is a main component of the long range flowering promoting signal or florigen that induces photoperiodic flowering under long days (LDs). In potato, short days (SDs) promote tuber induction, and wild subspecies like Solanum tuberosum ssp andigena (wild type line 7540) are strictly dependent on SDs to tuberize. StSP6A transcription is induced in leaves and stolons at early stages upon transfer to SD inductive conditions, priotr to visible solon swelling. Transgenic andigena lines over-expressing the StSP6A gene under the control of the 35S promoter are able to tuberize under LD non-inductive conditions, whereas silencing of this gene by means of an specific RNAi construct are strongly delayed in tuber induction in SD inductive conditions. This data indicate that StSP6A plays a central role in the control of tuber induction.
2011-10-06 | GSE31178 | GEO
Project description:Summary StSP6A is a protein with sequence homology to the Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). FT is a main component of the long range flowering promoting signal or florigen that induces photoperiodic flowering under long days (LDs). In potato, short days (SDs) promote tuber induction, and wild subspecies like Solanum tuberosum ssp andigena (wild type line 7540) are strictly dependent on SDs to tuberize. StSP6A transcription is induced in leaves and stolons at early stages upon transfer to SD inductive conditions, priotr to visible solon swelling. Transgenic andigena lines over-expressing the StSP6A gene under the control of the 35S promoter are able to tuberize under LD non-inductive conditions, whereas silencing of this gene by means of an specific RNAi construct are strongly delayed in tuber induction in SD inductive conditions. This data indicate that StSP6A plays a central role in the control of tuber induction. For each sample of the two comparisons (35S-StSP6A versus Wild Type and StSP6A-RNAi versus Wild Type) two biological replicates were prepared. In the case of 35S-StSP6A and StSP6A-RNAi each replicate was composed by a pool of several transgenic lines.
2011-10-05 | E-GEOD-31178 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Optimised flowering time is an important trait ensuring successful plant adaptation and crop productivity. SOC1-like genes encode MADS transcription factors known to play important roles in flowering control in many plants. This includes the best characterised eudicot model Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) where SOC1 promotes flowering and functions as a floral integrator gene integrating signals from different flowering time regulatory pathways. Medicago truncatula (Medicago) is a temperate reference legume with strong genomic and genetic resources used to study flowering pathways in legumes. Interestingly, despite responding to the similar floral-inductive cues of extended cold (vernalisation) followed by warm long days, as winter annual Arabidopsis, Medicago lacks FLC and CO which are key regulators of flowering in Arabidopsis. Unlike Arabidopsis with one SOC1 gene, multiple gene duplication events have given rise to three MtSOC1 paralogs within the Medicago genus in legumes; one Fabaceae group A SOC1 gene, MtSOC1a, and two tandemly-repeated Fabaceae group B SOC1 genes, MtSOC1b and MtSOC1c. Previously, we showed that MtSOC1a has unique functions in floral promotion in Medicago. The Mtsoc1a Tnt1 retroelement insertion single mutant showed moderately delayed flowering in long and short day photoperiods, with and without prior vernalization, compared with wild type. On the other hand, Mtsoc1b Tnt1 single mutants did not have altered flowering time or flower development, indicating that it was redundant in an otherwise wild type background. Here, we describe the generation of Mtsoc1 triple mutant plants by CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. Two independent Mtsoc1 homozygous triple mutants were non-flowering and bushy in floral inductive VLD. Phenotyping and gene expression analyses by RNA-seq and RT-qPCR indicate that the Mtsoc1 triple mutants remain vegetative. Thus overall, the Mtsoc1 triple mutants are dramatically different from the single Mtsoc1a mutant and the Arabidopsis soc1 mutant; implicating multiple MtSOC1 genes in critical overlapping roles in the transition to flowering in Medicago.
2024-02-26 | GSE247931 | GEO
Project description:Photoperiod regulated flowering is a well understood developmental pathway in the intensively studied Brassicaceae species Arabidopsis thaliana and in the monocot rice, but less so in other angiosperm groups. One such group, the temperate legumes in the Fabaceae family which are important both agriculturally and ecologically, accelerate their flowering in response to long-day photoperiods (LD), but lack functional homologues of key regulatory genes present in A. thaliana such as CO. Curiously previous work in the reference legume Medicago truncatula has shown that floral activator MtFTa1, which is upregulated by LD and vernalisation, does not exhibit a peak in expression at dusk like its homologue in A. thaliana FLOWERING LOCUS T, instead MtFTa1 maintains a near constant pattern of expression. In addition legumes possess for other FT-like genes such as the MtFTb genes expressed in LD which may also act in the regulation of flowering time. This study utilises RNA-Seq to identify genes which may regulate or be co-expressed with these FT-like genes in Medicago truncatula. Following a shift from short-day photoperiods to inductive long-days genes which alter their pattern of expression are distinguished from those which just alter their magnitude of expression (and those that do neither). Specifically this study focuses on the first few hours of the day in the young leaves which coincides with the first diurnal peak of the FTb genes. It goes on to categorise these genes into groups with similar patterns of expression using c-means clustering. In the process this study identifies a number of potential candidate genes for future studies to consider.
2018-08-23 | GSE118893 | GEO
Project description:The floral transition in Arabidopsis is tightly controlled by complex genetic regulatory networks in response to endogenous and environmental flowering signals. SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) and SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP), two key MADS-domain transcription factors, perceive these signals and function as antagonistic flowering regulators. To understand how they mediate the floral transition, we mapped in vivo binding sites of SOC1 and SVP using chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by hybridization to whole-genome tiling arrays (ChIP-chip). Genes encoding proteins with transcription regulator activity and transcription factor activity were the most enriched groups of genes bound by SOC1 and SVP, indicating their central roles in flowering regulatory networks. In combination with gene expression microarray studies, we further identified the genes whose expression was directly regulated by SOC1 or SVP. Among the common direct targets identified, APETALA2 (AP2)-like genes that repress FT and SOC1 expression were downregulated by SOC1, but upregulated by SVP, revealing a complex feedback regulation among key genes determining the integration of flowering signals. SOC1 regulatory regions were also accessed by SOC1 itself and SVP, suggesting that self-activation and repression by SVP contribute to the regulation of SOC1 expression. In addition, ChIP-chip analysis demonstrated that miR156e and miR172a, which are involved in the regulation of AP2-like genes, were direct targets of SOC1 and SVP, respectively. Taken together, these findings reveal that feedback regulatory loops mediated by SOC1 and SVP are essential components of the gene regulatory networks underpinning the integration of flowering signals during the floral transition. soc1-101D and 35S:SVP ChIPed with SOC1 or SVP polyclonal antibody respectively vs. soc1-2 or svp-41 in Arabidopsis 9-day-old whole seedlings
2012-02-01 | E-GEOD-33297 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:SIN3 LIKE genes mediate long-day induction of flowering but inhibit the floral transition in short days through histone deacetylation in Arabidopsis
| PRJNA545224 | ENA
Project description:Plants show a high degree of developmental plasticity in response to external cues, including day length and environmental stress. Water scarcity in particular can interfere with photoperiodic flowering, resulting in the acceleration of the switch to reproductive growth in several species, a process called drought escape. However, other strategies are possible and drought stress can also delay flowering, albeit the underlying mechanisms have never been addressed at the molecular level. We investigated these interactions in rice, a short day species in which drought stress delays flowering. A protocol that allows the synchronization of drought with the floral transition was set up to profile the transcriptome of leaves subjected to stress under distinct photoperiods. We identified clusters of genes that responded to drought differently depending on day length. Exposure to drought stress under floral-inductive photoperiods strongly reduced transcription of EARLY HEADING DATE 1 (Ehd1), HEADING DATE 3a (Hd3a) and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1), primary integrators of day length signals, providing a molecular connection between stress and the photoperiodic pathway. However, phenotypic and transcriptional analyses suggested that OsGIGANTEA (OsGI) does not integrate drought and photoperiodic signals as in Arabidopsis, highlighting molecular differences between between long and short day model species.
2017-03-01 | GSE78972 | GEO
Project description:Pineapple (Ananas comosus var. comosus) and ornamental bromeliads are commercially induced to flower by treatment with ethylene or its analogs. The apex is transformed from a vegetative to a floral meristem and shows morphological changes in 8 to 10 days, with flowers developing 8 to 10 weeks later. During eight sampling stages ranging from 6 hours to 8 days after treatment, 7,961 genes were found to exhibit differential expression (DEG) after the application of ethylene. In the first 3 days after treatment, there was little change in ethylene synthesis or in the early stages of the ethylene response. Subsequently, three ethylene response transcription factors (ERTF) were up-regulated and the potential gene targets were predicted to be the positive flowering regulator CONSTANS (CO), a WUSCHEL gene, two APETALA1/FRUTFULL (AP1/FUL) genes, an epidermal patterning gene and a jasmonic acid synthesis gene. We confirm that pineapple has lost the flowering repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C. At the initial stages, the SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) was not significantly involved in this transition. Another WUSCHEL gene and a PHD homeobox transcription factor, though not apparent direct targets of ERTF, were up-regulated within a day of treatment, their predicted targets being the up-regulated CO, auxin response factors, SQUAMOSA, and histone H3 genes with suppression of abscisic acid response genes. The FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), TERMINAL FLOWER (TFL), AGAMOUS-like APETELAR (AP2) and SEPETALA (SEP) increased rapidly within 2 to 3 days after ethylene treatment. Two FT genes were up-regulated in the apex and not the leaf bases after treatment, suggesting that transport did not occur. These results indicated that the ethylene response in pineapple and possibly most bromeliads acts directly to promote the vegetative to flower transition via APETALA1/FRUITFULL (AP1/FUL) and its interaction with SPL, FT, TFL, SEP and AP2.
2023-11-22 | GSE239489 | GEO
Project description:Pineapple (Ananas comosus var. comosus) and ornamental bromeliads are commercially induced to flower by treatment with ethylene or its analogs. The apex is transformed from a vegetative to a floral meristem and shows morphological changes in 8 to 10 days, with flowers developing 8 to 10 weeks later. During eight sampling stages ranging from 6 hours to 8 days after treatment, 7,961 genes were found to exhibit differential expression (DEG) after the application of ethylene. In the first 3 days after treatment, there was little change in ethylene synthesis or in the early stages of the ethylene response. Subsequently, three ethylene response transcription factors (ERTF) were up-regulated and the potential gene targets were predicted to be the positive flowering regulator CONSTANS (CO), a WUSCHEL gene, two APETALA1/FRUTFULL (AP1/FUL) genes, an epidermal patterning gene and a jasmonic acid synthesis gene. We confirm that pineapple has lost the flowering repressor FLOWERING LOCUS C. At the initial stages, the SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1) was not significantly involved in this transition. Another WUSCHEL gene and a PHD homeobox transcription factor, though not apparent direct targets of ERTF, were up-regulated within a day of treatment, their predicted targets being the up-regulated CO, auxin response factors, SQUAMOSA, and histone H3 genes with suppression of abscisic acid response genes. The FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), TERMINAL FLOWER (TFL), AGAMOUS-like APETELAR (AP2) and SEPETALA (SEP) increased rapidly within 2 to 3 days after ethylene treatment. Two FT genes were up-regulated in the apex and not the leaf bases after treatment, suggesting that transport did not occur. These results indicated that the ethylene response in pineapple and possibly most bromeliads acts directly to promote the vegetative to flower transition via APETALA1/FRUITFULL (AP1/FUL) and its interaction with SPL, FT, TFL, SEP and AP2.
2023-11-22 | GSE241286 | GEO