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RNA-Seq analysis of galaninergic neurons from ventrolateral preoptic nuleus identifies expression changes between sleep and wake

ABSTRACT: Galanin neurons at ventrolateral preoptic nuleus (VLPO) have been hypothesized to be sleep-active neurons. With the use of laser capture microdissection (LCM), we specifically isolated single galanin neurons, and our goal was to assess expression changes in VLPO galanin cells between sleeping mice and mice kept awake using gentle handling.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE132308 | GEO | 2020/08/27

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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RNA-Seq analysis of galaninergic neurons from ventrolateral preoptic nuleus identifies expression changes between sleep and wake

Project description:RNA-Seq analysis of galaninergic neurons from ventrolateral preoptic nuleus identifies expression changes between sleep and wake

| PRJNA547578 | ENA

Estrogen receptor-α expressing neurons in the ventrolateral VMH regulate glucose balance

Project description:Background: Brain glucose-sensing neurons detect glucose fluctuations and prevent severe hypoglycemia, but mechanisms mediating functions of these glucose-sensing neurons are unclear. Methods: We combined mouse genetics, electrophysiology, neural tracing, optogenetics and Patch-RNA-seq to demonstrate how glucose-sensing neurons in the ventrolateral VMH regulate glucose balance. Results: Here we report that estrogen receptor-α (ERα)-expressing neurons in the ventrolateral subdivision of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (vlVMH) are glucose-sensing neurons to a 5-1-5mM glucose fluctuation, being glucose-inhibited neurons (GI-ERαvlVMH) or glucose-excited neurons (GE-ERαvlVMH). Hypoglycemia activates GI-ERαvlVMH neurons via the anoctamin 4 channel, and inhibits GE-ERαvlVMH neurons through opening the ATP-sensitive potassium channel. Further, we show that GI-ERαvlVMH neurons preferentially project to the medioposterior arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (mpARH) and GE-ERαvlVMH neurons preferentially project to the dorsal Raphe nuclei (DRN). Activation of ERαvlVMH-mpARH circuit and inhibition of ERαvlVMH-DRN circuit both increase blood glucose. Conclusions: Our results indicate that ERαvlVMH neurons detect glucose fluctuations and prevent severe hypoglycemia in mice.

2020-04-01 | GSE146543 | GEO

Genetic markers for temperature-sensitive neurons in mouse preoptic area

Project description:This study combined single-cell RNA-seq with whole-cell patch-clamp recording to profile the neurons in mouse preoptic area with characterized temperature-sensitivity

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Project description: Not available

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A Distinct Population of Thirst-Associated Preoptic Neurons Encodes an Aversive Motivational Drive

Project description:We FACS-isolated single thirst-associated neurons from the median preoptic hypothalamus of mice and determined their individual transcriptomes. This characterization revealed a molecularly distinct population of excitatory thirst-associated neurons that is responsible for producing thirst motivational dirve.

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Single-nucleus RNA-seq identifies one galanin neuronal subtype in mouse preoptic hypothalamus activated during recovery sleep after sleep deprivation

Project description:The preoptic area of hypothalamus plays an important role in sleep homeostasis. We used snRNA-seq to identify neurons involved in homeostatic sleep response.

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Identification of preoptic sleep-promoting neurons based on projection target

Project description:The preoptic area (POA) of the hypothalamus is known to be crucial for sleep generation, but the spatial intermingling of sleep- and wake-promoting neurons makes it difficult to dissect the sleep control circuit. Here we identified a population of POA sleep-promoting neurons based on their projection target. Using a lentivirus for retrograde labeling with channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) followed by optogenetic manipulation and recording, we found that the POA GABAergic neurons projecting to the tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) are both sleep active and sleep promoting. Cell type- and projection-specific rabies tracing revealed the presynaptic inputs to these neurons, including an amygdala GABAergic input that promotes wakefulness. Using single-cell RNA-seq, we identified several molecular markers for these neurons, and optogenetic activation of the POA neurons labeled by these markers confirmed their sleep-promoting effects. Together, these findings define a group of sleep-promoting neurons functionally, anatomically, and genetically.

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Estrogen receptor-α expressing neurons in the ventrolateral VMH regulate glucose balance

Project description:Estrogen receptor-α expressing neurons in the ventrolateral VMH regulate glucose balance

| PRJNA610836 | ENA

Genetic markers for temperature-sensitive neurons in mouse preoptic area

Project description:Genetic markers for temperature-sensitive neurons in mouse preoptic area

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Estrogen-Sensitive Medial Preoptic Area Neurons Coordinate Hypothermia and Hypometabolism in Mice

Project description:Homeotherms maintain a stable internal body temperature despite changing environments. During energy deficiency, some species can cease to defend their body temperature and enter a hypothermic and hypometabolic state known as torpor. Despite recent advances in our understanding of thermoregulation, the precise neurons that coordinate these profound thermoregulatory and metabolic changes remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that estrogen-sensitive neurons in the medial preoptic area (MPA) are key drivers of hypothermia and hypometabolism in mice. We find that selectively activating estrogen-sensitive MPA neurons was sufficient to drive a coordinated depression of metabolic rate and body temperature similar to torpor, as measured by body temperature, physical activity, indirect calorimetry, heart rate, and brain activity. Inducing torpor with a prolonged fast revealed larger and more variable calcium transients from estrogen-sensitive MPA neurons during bouts of hypothermia. Finally, selective ablation of estrogen-sensitive MPA neurons demonstrated that these neurons are required for the full expression of fasting-induced torpor. Together, these findings suggest a role for estrogen-sensitive MPA neurons in directing the thermoregulatory and metabolic responses to energy deficiency.

2020-10-29 | GSE153350 | GEO

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