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In vivo evaluation of the 94 GHz-chronic exposure effect on Hairless rat skin gene expression [C1]

ABSTRACT: Millimeter waves are new broadband frequencies that start to be used in several applications such as future wireless communications, medical, and also non-lethal weapons (the 94-GHz band in Active Denial Systems). However, low information are available on their potential effects on human. These frequencies belong to radiofrequency and they have the property to be stopped by the first layer of the skin. Therefore our studies have aimed to evaluate 94 GHz effects on skin cells whole gene expression. Chronic long term 94 GHz MMW exposures were performed on two rat populations constituted by 17 young animals and 14 adult ones. Each group of animals were equally split in Exposed and Sham exposed subgroup. This two independent exposure experiments were conducted during 5 months, with rats exposed 3 h per day, 3 days per week, to an incident power density of 10 mW/cm², which correspond to twice the ICNIRP limit of exposure for professional. At the end of the experiment, skin explant were taken and RNA were extracted. Then, the modification of the whole gene expression were analyzed with gene expression microarray. Without modification of the animal’s temperature, long term chronic 94 GHz-MMW exposure did not significantly modify the rat’s skin gene expression on both young and adult rats.

ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus

PROVIDER: GSE132816 | GEO | 2021/01/13

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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In vivo evaluation of the 94 GHz-chronic exposure effect on Hairless rat skin gene expression [C2]

Project description:Millimeter waves are new broadband frequencies that start to be used in several applications such as future wireless communications, medical, and also non-lethal weapons (the 94-GHz band in Active Denial Systems). However, low information are available on their potential effects on human. These frequencies belong to radiofrequency and they have the property to be stopped by the first layer of the skin. Therefore our studies have aimed to evaluate 94 GHz effects on skin cells whole gene expression. Chronic long term 94 GHz MMW exposures were performed on two rat populations constituted by 17 young animals and 14 adult ones. Each group of animals were equally split in Exposed and Sham exposed subgroup. This two independent exposure experiments were conducted during 5 months, with rats exposed 3 h per day, 3 days per week, to an incident power density of 10 mW/cm², which correspond to twice the ICNIRP limit of exposure for professional. At the end of the experiment, skin explant were taken and RNA were extracted. Then, the modification of the whole gene expression were analyzed with gene expression microarray. Without modification of the animal’s temperature, long term chronic 94 GHz-MMW exposure did not significantly modify the rat’s skin gene expression on both young and adult rats.

2021-01-13 | GSE132817 | GEO

Millimeter Waves Modulate the Transcriptome in Human Fibroblasts

Project description:Millimetre-wave (MMW) frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum are increasingly being adopted in modern technologies including mobile communications, networking, and security screening. These frequencies are absorbed by the outer layers of the skin, however the biological effects are not well characterised. Thus, as emerging technologies increase human exposure, understanding the effects of MMWs on biological material and cell biology in the skin is critical in determining safe exposure levels. Here, we report on the exposure of primary human dermal fibroblasts to MMWs; we find that the radiation triggers genomic and transcriptomic alterations. In particular, repeated 60 GHz MMW exposures at 2.6 mW cm-2, 46.8 J cm-2 doses, trigger a physiological response in human fibroblasts distinct from conventional cytokine-induced stimulation. Our results show that high dose MMWs induce non-thermal transcriptomic alterations with simultaneous changes in DNA structural dynamics including formation of G-quadruplex and i-motif secondary structures, but not DNA damage.

2022-04-15 | GSE197295 | GEO

Global gene expression analysis reveals importance of thermal effect in cellular response to millimeter wave exposure

Project description:To evaluate the effect of millimeter waves (MMW) exposure on the gene expression, we have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling. Neonatal primary Keratinocyte cells pooled from 3 healthy donors were exposed ex vivo, 3 hours at 20 mW/cmÂ². At this condition, corresponding to the maximum power density authorized for public use, MMW exposure induces a significant increase of the temperature and 665 genes were found differentially expressed. To determine the role of hyperthermia in this response, several controls were performed. When the temperature artificially maintained constant, no specific gene modifications were observed after exposure. However, a heat shock control did not mimic exactly the MMW effect: 34-gene signatures were identified between 20 mW/cm2 MMW exposure and its relative heat shock control. Differential expression of seven genes (ADAMTS6, NOG, IL7R, FADD, JUNB, SNAI2 and HIST1H1A) from this signature were confirmed by duplication of the whole experiment and real-time PCR analysis. Gene expression in human keratinocytes was measured after a 60 GHz-exposure at 20 mW/cm2, for 3 h (Expo). It was compared to cells cultured in unexposed condition (Sham). As millimeter wave (MMW) exposure increase temperature in the cell medium, two controls were performed: 1) MMW exposure (3 h, 60 GHz, 20 mW/cmÂ²) with the heat increase compensated to maintain constant the physiological temperature (CompT_Expo); 2) Heat shock control (HSC) to mimicking the heat effect of MMW exposure.

2014-08-12 | E-GEOD-57135 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Untargeted metabolomics unveil alterations of biomembranes permeability in human HaCaT keratinocytes upon 60 GHz millimeter-wave exposure

Project description:A joint metabolomic and lipidomic workflow is used to account for a potential effect of millimeter waves (MMW) around 60 GHz on biological tissues. For this purpose, HaCaT human keratinocytes were exposed at 60.4 GHz with an incident power density of 20 mW/square cm, this value corresponding to the upper local exposure limit for general public in the context of a wide scale deployment of MMW technologies and devices. After a 24h-exposure, endo- and extracellular extracts were recovered to be submitted to an integrative UPLC-Q-Exactive metabolomic and lipidomic workflow. R-XCMS data processing and subsequent statistical treatment led to emphasize a limited number of altered features in lipidomic sequences and in intracellular metabolomic analyses, whatever the ionization mode (i.e 0 to 6 dysregulated features). Conversely, important dysregulations could be reported in extracellular metabolomic profiles with 111 and 99 frames being altered upon MMW exposure in positive and negative polarities, respectively. This unexpected extent of modifications can hardly stem from the mild changes that could be reported throughout transcriptomics studies, leading us to hypothesize that MMW might alter the permeability of cell membranes, as reported elsewhere.

2019-05-20 | MSV000083829 | MassIVE

In vivo evaluation of the 94 GHz-chronic exposure effect on Hairless rat skin gene expression

Project description:In vivo evaluation of the 94 GHz-chronic exposure effect on Hairless rat skin gene expression

| PRJNA549165 | ENA

ADDITIVE EFFECTS OF MILLIMETER WAVES AND 2 DEOXYGLUCOSE CO-EXPOSURE ON THE HUMAN KERATINOCYTE TRANSCRIPTOME

Project description:To evaluate the effect of millimeter waves (MMW) exposure on the gene expression, we have employed whole genome microarray expression profiling. Neonatal primary Keratinocyte cells pooled from 3 healthy donors were exposed ex vivo, by 60.4 GHz-MMW, at an incident power density (IPD) of 20 mW/cm² (3 hours of treatment in athermic condition).No modification of keratinocyte transcriptome was observed. Considering that MMW could also impact the cell metabolism, we assessed then effect of glycolysis inhibitor 2 deoxyglucose treatment (2dG, 20 mM during 3 hours) in association with MMW co-exposure. 2dG treatment induces a high modification of the transcriptome (632 coding genes). Genes affected in their expression are linked with transcriptional repression, cellular communication and endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. The MMW/2dG co-exposition induced a slight modification of cell transcriptome, which reflects the capacity of MMW to interfere with bioenergetic stress response. After RT-PCR validation, 6 genes (SOCS3, SPRY2, TRIB1, FAM46A, CSRNP1 and PPP1R15A) were confirmed as sensitive to MMW exposure during 2dG treatment.

2016-09-20 | GSE83829 | GEO

In vivo evaluation of the 94 GHz-chronic exposure effect on Hairless rat skin gene expression [C2]

Project description:In vivo evaluation of the 94 GHz-chronic exposure effect on Hairless rat skin gene expression [C2]

| PRJNA549169 | ENA

In vivo evaluation of the 94 GHz-chronic exposure effect on Hairless rat skin gene expression [C1]

Project description:In vivo evaluation of the 94 GHz-chronic exposure effect on Hairless rat skin gene expression [C1]

| PRJNA549168 | ENA

Transcriptomic and long-term behavioral deficits associated with developmental 3.5 GHz radiofrequency radiation exposures in zebrafish

Project description:Transcriptomic data for 48 and 120 hpf zebrafish embryos developmentally exposed to 3.5 GHz of radiofrequency radiation.

2022-04-20 | GSE197627 | GEO

Analysis of gene expression in mouse brain regions after exposure to pulse-modulated 1.9 GHz radiofrequency fields

Project description:This study assessed changes in gene expression in 7 mouse brain regions using Illumina Mouse WG-6 (v2) beadchips after exposure to 1.9 GHz pulse-modulated radiofrequency field exposure for 4h/day for 5 days. High dose RF field exposure was whole body average SAR and brain average SAR were 1.45 W/kg and 0.16 W/kg, respectively. Total RNA isolated from the amygdala, auditory cortex, caudate, cerebellum, hippocampus, hypothalamus and medial prefrontal cortex of 1.9 GHz pulse-modulated radiofrequency field exposed mice and compared to that in sham (handled) exposed animals. An unhandled control group was also included in the study design. A total of 20 RNA samples (5 independent biological tissues for each of 4 treatment groups) were collected for each brain region. When analysis of gene expression was conducted within individual brain regions when controlling the false discovery rate (FDR), no differentially expressed genes were identified relative to the sham control. However, it must be noted that most fold changes among groups were observed to be less than 1.5 fold and this study had limited ability to detect such small changes. While some genes were differentially expressed without correction for multiple-comparisons testing, no consistent pattern of response was observed among different RF-exposure levels or among different RF-modulations. The current study provides the most comprehensive analysis of potential gene expression changes in the rodent brain in response to RF field exposure conducted to date. Within the exposure conditions and limitations of this study, no convincing evidence of consistent changes in gene expression was found in response to 1.9 GHz pulse-modulated RF field exposure.

2016-04-22 | E-MTAB-4674 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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