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The zingerone analog, acetyl zingerone, bolsters matrisome synthesis, inhibits MMPs, and represses IL-17A target gene expression [Experiment 1]

ABSTRACT: Zingerone (Z) is a phenolic alkanone derived from natural sources with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Acetyl zingerone (AZ) is a newly designed molecule that shares structural features with Z but is expected to have improved stability and antioxidant function. This study utilized microarrays to compare effects of Z and AZ on gene expression in reconstituted human epidermis. Both Z and AZ increased Notch pathway gene expression (NOTCH1, MAML3) and decreased expression of genes linked to extracellular matrix disassembly (MMP3, CTSV) and reactive oxygen species metabolism (PMAIP1, ARG2). Although Z and AZ each inhibited in vitro MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-12 activity, inhibition of MMP-3 and MMP-12 was greater with AZ. Moreover, AZ led to more consistent increases in the expression of genes encoding collagens (COL11A2), proteoglycans (VCAN) and ECM glycoproteins (SPARC). Finally, AZ opposed gene expression patterns associated with fibroblast senescence, keratinocyte differentiation, and IL-17A stimulation. These effects were AZ-specific and not replicated by Z. These results show that AZ improves extracellular matrix integrity with retinoid-like effects on differentiation and inflammation. Our findings provide rationale for clinical studies to understand benefits of AZ in the treatment or prevention of skin aging, or potentially, as a treatment for other human skin diseases. Microarray analyses was performed to characterize global gene expression responses to zingerone (Z) (50 μg/ml) in EpiDerm FT (RHE) tissue cultures.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE133338 | GEO | 2019/09/26

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis are closely related species displaying differences in virulence and genome content, therefore providing potential opportunities to identify novel C. albicans virulence genes. C. albicans gene arrays were used for comparative analysis of global gene expression in the two species in reconstituted human oral epithelium (RHE). C. albicans (SC5314) showed upregulation of hypha-specific and virulence genes within 30 min postinoculation, coinciding with rapid induction of filamentation and increased RHE damage. C. dubliniensis (CD36) showed no detectable upregulation of hypha-specific genes, grew as yeast, and caused limited RHE damage. Several genes absent or highly divergent in C. dubliniensis were upregulated in C. albicans. One such gene, SFL2 (orf19.3969), encoding a putative heat shock factor, was deleted in C. albicans. ÎÎsfl2 cells failed to filament under a range of hypha-inducing conditions and exhibited greatly reduced RHE damage, reversed by reintroduction of SFL2 into the ÎÎsfl2 strain. Moreover, SFL2 overexpression in C. albicans triggered hyphal morphogenesis. Although SFL2 deletion had no apparent effect on host survival in the murine model of systemic infection, ÎÎsfl2 strain-infected kidney tissues contained only yeast cells. These results suggest a role for SFL2 in morphogenesis and an indirect role in C. albicans pathogenesis in epithelial tissues. Global gene expression in Candida albicans SC5314 or Candida dubliniensis CD36 on reconstituted human oral epithelium (RHE) 90 min postinoculation. Gene expression on RHE was compared to gene expression on polycarbonate filter (PCF; used as RHE support matrix) 90 min postinoculation. Performed in two biological replicates with reciprocal dye swaps for each biological replicate. Gene expression of Candida cells on RHE was normalized to gene expression in reference control (PCF); log2 ratios were calculated by dividing spot intensity of experimental by that of the reference control.

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The zingerone analog, acetyl zingerone, bolsters matrisome synthesis, inhibits MMPs, and represses IL-17A target gene expression [Experiment 1]

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