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Major gene expression changes and epigenetic remodelling in Nile tilapia muscle after just one generation of domestication

ABSTRACT: Background: The historically recent domestication of fishes has been essential for mankind due to the overexploitation of natural stocks and the increasing protein demand to meet the needs of a growing human population. Selection for relevant traits, such as growth, during domestication is a complex process whose epigenetic basis is poorly understood. Results: We have determined changes that occur in the muscle transcriptome after a single generation of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) domestication. There was a downregulation of 2015 genes in fish reared in captivity compared to their wild progenitors. In contrast, several myogenic and metabolic genes that can affect growth potential were upregulated. Methods: RNA was extracted and ribosomal RNA was removed using the Ribo-Zero gold rRNA removal kit. RNA libraries were prepared using the NEBNext Ultra II directional RNA library prep kit for Illumina. In total, we obtained 480 million 150 bp paired-end reads. Conclusion: Taken together, our data indicate that thousands of genes were differentially expressed within a single generation of fish domestication.

ORGANISM(S): Oreochromis niloticus

PROVIDER: GSE135811 | GEO | 2020/02/21

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:In this study, RNA-Seq was used to reveal the differences of molecular pathways in hepatopancreas of O. niloticus adapated to water with salinity of 8 or 16 practical salinity (psu), respectively, with fish at freshwater as the control,. Significantly changed pathways were mainly related to lipid metabolism, glucose utilization, protein consumption, osmotic regulation, signal transduction and immunology. Based on the tendencies from freshwater to 8 or 16 psu, the differentially expressed gene unions were categorized into eight unique models, which were further classified into three categories which were constant-change (either keep increasing or decreasing), change-then-stable and stable-then-change. In constant-change category, steroid biosynthesis, steroid hormone biosynthesis, fat digestion and absorption, complement and coagulation cascades were extremely significantly affected by ambient salinity (P < 0.01), indicating that these pathways play pivotal roles in molecular response to salinity acclimation from freshwater to saline water in O. niloticus, and should be the main research focus in the future. In change-then-stable category, ribosome, oxidative phosphorylation, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) signaling pathway, fat digestion and absorption changed significantly with ambient increasing salinity (P < 0.01), showing these pathways were sensitive to environmental salinity variation, but had a response threshold, and would stop changing once salinity exceeds the threshold. In stable-then-change category, protein export, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, tight junction, thyroid hormone synthesis, antigen processing and presentation, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis - keratan sulfate were the top changed pathways (P < 0.01), suggesting that these pathways were not sensitive to salinity variation, but these pathways will respond significantly under salinity exceeding a certain level. The pathways and genes reported in this study laid on a solid foundation for future studies in understanding the underlying mechanism for salinity adaptation of freshwater fish. Examination of 3 different salinities treated hepatopancreas in Nile tilapia

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Major gene expression changes and epigenetic remodelling in Nile tilapia muscle after just one generation of domestication

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