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Intricate structure of the interphase chromocenter revealed by proximity based biotinylation

ABSTRACT: During interphase centromeres often coalesce into a small number of chromocenters, which can be visualized as distinct, DAPI dense nuclear domains. Intact chromocenters play a major role in maintaining genome stability as they stabilize the transcriptionally silent state of repetitive DNA while ensuring centromere function. Despite its biological importance, relatively little is known about the molecular composition of the chromocenter or the processes that mediate chromocenter formation and maintenance. To shed light on this, we performed confocal and super resolution microscopy and proximity based biotinylation experiments of three proteins associated with the chromocenter in Drosophila: the centromeric H3 variant dCenpA, the heterochromatin protein HP1a and the speciation factor HMR. Our work revealed an intricate internal structure of the chromocenter suggesting a complex multilayered structure of this intranuclear domain.

ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster

PROVIDER: GSE137194 | GEO | 2020/01/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Intricate structure of the interphase chromocenter revealed by the analysis of a factor involved in species formation

Project description:In higher eukaryotes centromeres often coalesce into a large intranuclear domain called the chromocenter. Chromocenters are important for the organization of pericentric heterochromatin and a disturbance of their formation results in an upregulation of repetitive elements and causes defects in chromosome segregation. Mutations in the gene encoding for the centromere associated Drosophila speciation factor HMR show very similar phenotypes suggesting a role of HMR in chromocenter architecture and function. We performed confocal and super resolution microscopy as well as proximity based biotinylation experiments of HMR, centromeric protein dCenpA and heterochromatic protein HP1a to generate a molecular map of HMR, dCenpA and HP1a bound chromatin. Our work reveals an intricate internal structure of the centromeric chromatin region, which suggests a role of HMR in separating heterochromatin from centromeric chromatin.

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Intricate structure of the interphase chromocenter revealed by proximity based biotinylation

Project description:Intricate structure of the interphase chromocenter revealed by proximity based biotinylation

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Loss of neuronal 3D chromatin organization causes transcriptional and behavioral deficits related to serotonergic dysfunction

Project description:The interior of the eukaryotic cell nucleus is a highly organized 3D structure. In mature hippocampal and cortical pyramidal neurons, transcriptionally silent DNA is typically compacted in a few clusters referred to as chromocenters that are strongly stained with DNA intercalating agents like DAPI and whose function is still uncertain. We found that this 3D structure was severely disrupted by the incorporation of the chimeric histone H2BGFP into neuronal chromatin. Experiments in inducible and forebrain restricted bitransgenic mice demonstrated that the expression of this histone alters the higher-order organization of neuronal heterochromatin and causes a complex behavioral phenotype that includes hyperactivity, and social interaction, prepulse inhibition and cognitive defects. This phenotype was associated with highly specific transcriptional deficits that affected several serotonin receptor genes located at the edge of gene desert regions. Pharmacological and electrophysiological experiments indicate that this epigenetically-induced hyposerotonergic state may underlie the behavioral defects. Our results suggest a new role for perinuclear heterochromatin and chromocenter organization in the epigenetic regulation of neuronal gene expression and mental illness. We used microarrays to detect differential gene expression in transgenic mice expressing histone H2BGFP in the forebrain. We obtained triplicate samples (biological replicates) of either genotype (wild-type and H2BGFP mice). Each sample contained pooled total RNA from the hippocampi of 2 three-month old genotype-matched mice.

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Loss of neuronal 3D chromatin organization causes transcriptional and behavioral deficits related to serotonergic dysfunction [expression]

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SMARCAD1 and TOPBP1 contribute to heterochromatin maintenance at the transition from the 2C-like to the pluripotent state

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A multi-layered structure of the interphase chromocenter revealed by proximity-based biotinylation.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC7192626 | biostudies-literature

Heat Shock Factor 1 drives intergenic association of its target gene loci during heat shock

Project description:Transcriptional induction of Heat Shock Protein (HSP) genes in yeast is accompanied by dynamic changes in their 3D structure and spatial organization, yet the molecular basis for these phenomena remains unknown. Using chromosome conformation capture and single cell imaging, we show that genes transcriptionally activated by Heat Shock Factor 1 (Hsf1) specifically interact across chromosomes and coalesce into diffraction-limited intranuclear foci. Genes activated by the alternative stress regulators Msn2 and Msn4, in contrast, do not interact among themselves nor with Hsf1 targets. Likewise, constitutively expressed genes, even those interposed between HSP genes, show no detectable interaction. Hsf1 forms discrete subnuclear puncta when stressactivated, and these puncta dissolve in concert with transcriptional attenuation, paralleling the kinetics of HSP gene coalescence and dissolution. Nuclear Hsf1 and RNA Pol II are both necessary for intergenic HSP gene interactions, while DNA-bound Hsf1 is necessary and sufficient to drive coalescence of a heterologous gene. Our findings demonstrate that Hsf1 can dynamically restructure the yeast genome.

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2014-06-01 | E-GEOD-43311 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gene expression in hemera mutants in red light condition

2014-06-01 | GSE43311 | GEO

Genetic manipulation of Hmr leads to altered protein-protein interactions network

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2021-08-11 | PXD023193 | Pride

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