The antiretroviral drugs, dolutegravir, maraviroc and ritonavir-boosted atazanavir, affect inflammation and insulin sensitivity in human coronary endothelial cells through different pathways
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE137247 | GEO | 2020/02/05
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The antiretroviral drugs, dolutegravir, maraviroc and ritonavir-boosted atazanavir, affect inflammation and insulin sensitivity in human coronary endothelial cells through different pathways
| PRJNA564860 | ENA
Project description:ObjectivesAging HIV-infected antiretroviral-treatment (ART)-controlled patients often present cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities. Thus, it is mandatory that life-long used ART has no cardiometabolic toxicity. Protease inhibitors have been associated with cardiometabolic risk, integrase-strand-transfer-inhibitors (INSTI) with weight gain and the CCR5 inhibitor maraviroc with improved vascular function. We have previously reported that the INSTI dolutegravir and maraviroc improved, and ritonavir-boosted atazanavir(atazanavir/r) worsened, inflammation and senescence in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC)s from adult controls. Here, we analyzed the pathways involved in the drugs' effects on inflammation, senescence and also insulin resistance.MethodsWe analyzed the involvement of the anti-inflammatory SIRT-1 pathway in HCAECs. Then, we performed a transcriptomic analysis of the effect of dolutegravir, maraviroc and atazanavir/r and used siRNA-silencing to address ubiquitin-specific-peptidase-18 (USP18) involvement into ART effects.ResultsDolutegravir reduced inflammation by decreasing NFκB activation and IL-6/IL-8/sICAM-1/sVCAM-1 secretion, as did maraviroc with a milder effect. However, when SIRT-1 was inhibited by splitomicin, the drugs anti-inflammatory effects were maintained, indicating that they were SIRT-1-independant. From the transcriptomic analysis we selected USP18, previously shown to decrease inflammation and insulin-resistance. USP18-silencing enhanced basal inflammation and senescence. Maraviroc still inhibited NFκB activation, cytokine/adhesion molecules secretion and senescence but the effects of dolutegravir and atazanavir/r were lost, suggesting that they involved USP18. Otherwise, in HCAECs, dolutegravir improved and atazanavir/r worsened insulin resistance while maraviroc had no effect. In USP18-silenced cells, basal insulin resistance was increased, but dolutegravir and atazanavir/r kept their effect on insulin sensitivity, indicating that USP18 was dispensable.ConclusionUSP18 reduced basal inflammation, senescence and insulin resistance in coronary endothelial cells. Dolutegravir and atazanavir/r, but not maraviroc, exerted opposite effects on inflammation and senescence that involved USP18. Otherwise, dolutegravir improved and atazanavir/r worsened insulin resistance independently of USP18. Thus, in endothelial cells, dolutegravir and atazanavir/r oppositely affected pathways leading to inflammation, senescence and insulin resistance.
| S-EPMC6977740 | biostudies-literature
Project description:For many therapeutic drugs, including antiretroviral drugs used to treat people living with HIV-1 (PLWH), we have little data on the potential effects on the developing human brain due to limited access to tissue and historical constraints on the inclusion of pregnant populations in clinical trials. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a new avenue to gain insight on how drugs may impact human cell types representative of the developing central nervous system. To prevent vertical transmission of HIV and promote the health of pregnant PLWH, antiretroviral therapy must be initiated and/or maintained throughout pregnancy. However, many antiretroviral drugs are approved for widespread use following clinical testing only in non-pregnant populations and there may be limited information on potential teratogenicity until pregnancy outcomes are evaluated. The integrase strand transfer inhibitor dolutegravir (DTG) is a frontline antiretroviral drug that is effective in viral suppression of HIV but was previously reported to be associated with a slight increase in the risk for neural tube defects in one study, although this has not been replicated in other cohorts. To directly investigate the potential impact of DTG on human cortical neurogenesis, we measured the effects of daily drug exposure on the early stages of corticogenesis in a human iPSC-based forebrain organoid model. We observed deficits in organoid structure and impaired neurogenesis in DTG-treated organoids compared to vehicle-treated control organoids after 20 or 40 days in culture. Our highest dose of DTG (10µM) resulted in significantly smaller organoids with a reduced density of neural rosette structures compared to vehicle-treated controls. Mechanistically, RNA-sequencing and immunohistological analysis suggests dysregulated amino acid transport and activation of the integrated stress response in the DTG-treated organoids, and functionally, a small molecule integrated stress response inhibitor (ISRIB) could partially rescue increased expression of proteins related to cell cycle regulation. Together, these results illustrate the potential for human iPSC-based strategies to reveal biological processes during neurogenesis that may be affected by therapeutic drugs and provide complementary data in relevant human cell types to augment preclinical investigations of drug safety during pregnancy.
2024-09-18 | GSE275931 | GEO
Project description:Human T-leukemia virus 1 (HTLV-1) is an oncogenic retrovirus with no available curative therapy. In-vitro data suggests HTLV-1 may be susceptible to certain HIV-1 antiretroviral compounds but their value, if any, in the context of a clinically-relevant transmission model is unknown. We addressed this knowledge gap by investigating the efficacy of the anti-retroviral compounds, tenofovir and dolutegravir, in preventing HTLV-1 transmission and infection in a humanised mouse model of HTLV-1 subtype c (HTLV-1c) infection, the first of its kind. Characterisation of this model revealed that HTLV-1c and HTLV-1 subtype a (HTLV-1a) showed subtle differences in natural history of disease but not as striking as the differences observed clinically, indicating additional host and environmental contributors to human disease. Single cell RNA sequencing of CD4+ T cell VDJ transcripts revealed poly- and oligoclonal expansion of HTLV-1c-infected CD4+ T cells. We show that tenofovir significantly reduces HTLV-1 transmission in vivo at clinically relevant doses when administered as pre-exposure prophylaxis. Further, tenofovir and dolutegravir combination significantly attenuates viral spread and disease progression during early infection. Our data support the use of tenofovir and dolutegravir against HTLV-1 transmission and early infection. Routine use of these drugs as effective prophylactic agents against HIV-1 infection will facilitate their rapid translation to HTLV-1 clinical trials.
2025-12-31 | GSE157492 | GEO
Project description:The use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) improved the life expectancy of HIV patients through the suppression of HIV propagation in host. However, recent studies suggest that long-term use of ART induces comorbid conditions and heart failure in surviving HIV patients. The mechanism associated with the antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) induced cardiotoxicity and heart failure is not clear. In this study, we performed an RNA sequencing with ARV drugs-treated neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes to explore drugs-induced cardiotoxicity. RNA-sequencing data analysis identified 1756 differentially expressed genes (padj<0.05) in cardiomyocytes. Out of 1756 genes, 701 genes were upregulated, and 1055 genes were downregulated in drug-treated cardiomyocytes. Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes was performed using clusterProfiler R and ingenuity pathway analysis. Our study showed that upregulated genes were linked with the biological processes associated with apoptosis, cellular movement or locomotion, cellular stress, and immune response. In contrast, down-regulated genes were involved in cell division and metabolism. Interestingly, we also found that ARV drugs treatment significantly upregulates the expression of a set of genes involved in cardiac enlargement and hypertrophy in the heart. Collectively, ARVs treatment in cardiomyocytes induces cardiotoxicity through differentially regulation of pathological genes expression in cardiomyocytes.
2021-12-29 | GSE188210 | GEO
Project description:WMGS data from two-year, two-arm, randomized clinical trial comparing first-line antiretroviral therapy including dolutegravir vs. ritonavir-boosted darunavir in subjects with very advanced HIV-1 late presentation.
| PRJEB76817 | ENA
Project description:Transcriptome profiling of cardiomyocytes treated with antiretroviral drugs
| PRJNA777924 | ENA
Project description:Analysis of CD4+ T cell gene expression changes after 4 and 24 weeks of Maraviroc administration relative to baseline in 25 immunodiscordant patients with viral suppression. Maraviroc elicited very modest changes in CD4+ T cell transcriptome. The goal of this study was to identify genes with a potential role in Maraviroc-induced CD4+ T cell recovery in immunodiscordant patients. The study measured gene expression in CD4+ T cells isolated from the whole blood of HIV-infected patients before and at two time points after addition of Maraviroc to the baseline antiretroviral therapy. Thirty two patients were recruited from 3 sites, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and University of Southern California (USC), and peripheral blood samples were obtained at 3 visits, week 0 (baseline), week 4 and week 24 after initiation of Maraviroc therapy. Because of poor RNA quality and outliers on the microarrays, 7 patients were excluded from the study. Non-outlier week 0 and week 24 arrays from one of the patients (Patient ID 01-005) were used for array data normalization and processing, but were not included in the time course analysis since the week 4 sample was not available.
2014-04-16 | E-GEOD-56804 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Exposure to the antiretroviral drug dolutegravir impairs structure and neurogenesis in a forebrain organoid model of human embryonic cortical development
| PRJNA1153608 | ENA
Project description:The brain and spinal cord are formed during neurulation, a developmental process that occurs during the first month of pregnancy and can be modified by low serum levels of folic acid (FA), environmental factors, or genetic predispositions. In 2018, data from a surveillance study in Botswana, a country with one of the highest incidences of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and lacking mandatory food folate fortification programs, revealed an increased risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) among newborns whose mothers were taking Dolutegravir (DTG) during the first trimester of pregnancy. Subsequently, the World Health Organization and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued recommendations and guidelines emphasizing the potential risks associated with the use of DTG-based antiretroviral therapies during pregnancy. To elucidate the potential mechanisms underlying the DTG-induced NTDs, we sought to employ a rapid experimental system to test specific hypotheses. Brain organoids are three-dimensional cellular structures that can be used to study early neural development, and to assess the potential neurotoxicity of drugs and other compounds. To understand the development of brain organoids in the presence of DTG, we analyzed gene expression from RNA sequencing together with biomechanical information from Optical Coherence Tomography, Optical Coherence Elastography and Brillouin microscopy. Our sequencing data indicates that DTG induces the expression of folate receptor (FOLR1) and modulates the expression of genes required for neurogenesis. The Brillouin frequency shift observed at the surface of DTG-exposed brain organoids indicates an increase in superficial tissue stiffness, while reverberant Optical Coherence Elastography measurements indicate decreased organoid volumes and an internal stiffness decrease.
2024-04-10 | GSE263394 | GEO