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Genomic analysis of ketoconazole resistance in the dandruff-associated cutaneous yeast Malassezia restricta.

ABSTRACT: To understand ketoconazole resistance mechanism in M. restricta, we investigated differentially expressed genes in the azole resistant isolates using transcriptome profile. Transcriptomes of ketoconazole susceptible and resistant M. restricta cells in the absence and precence of ketoconazole were compared and analyzed by RNA sequencing.

ORGANISM(S): Malassezia restricta

PROVIDER: GSE141548 | GEO | 2020/12/05

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Genomic analysis of ketoconazole resistance in the dandruff-associated cutaneous yeast Malassezia restricta.

Project description:Genomic analysis of ketoconazole resistance in the dandruff-associated cutaneous yeast Malassezia restricta.

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The genomic tandem quadruplication is associated with ketoconazole resistance of Malassezia pachydermatis

Project description:Purpose: Understanding the ketoconazole resistance mechanism in Malassezia pachydermatis Methods: The transcriptome profile of the ketoconazole resistant M. pachydermatis KCTC 27587 cells compared to that of ketoconazole sensitive M. pachydermatis CBS 1879 cells were generated by RNA-Seq using Illumina HiSeq. Results: The expressions of genes in the region of quadruplicated chromosome 4 were up-regulated.

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Genomic Multiplication and Drug Efflux Influence Ketoconazole Resistance in <i>Malassezia restricta</i>.

Project description:Malassezia restricta is an opportunistic fungal pathogen on human skin; it is associated with various skin diseases, including seborrheic dermatitis and dandruff, which are usually treated using ketoconazole. In this study, we clinically isolated ketoconazole-resistant M. restricta strains (KCTC 27529 and KCTC 27550) from patients with dandruff. To understand the mechanisms of ketoconazole resistance in the isolates, their genomes were sequenced and compared with the susceptible reference strain M. restricta KCTC 27527. Using comparative genome analysis, we identified tandem multiplications of the genomic loci containing ATM1 and ERG11 homologs in M. restricta KCTC 27529 and KCTC 27550, respectively. Additionally, we found that the copy number increase of ATM1 and ERG11 is reflected in the increased expression of these genes; moreover, we observed that overexpression of these homologs caused ketoconazole resistance in a genetically tractable fungal pathogen, Cryptococcus neoformans. In addition to tandem multiplications of the genomic region containing the ATM1 homolog, the PDR5 homolog, which encodes the drug efflux pump protein was upregulated in M. restricta KCTC 27529 compared to the reference strain. Biochemical analysis confirmed that drug efflux was highly activated in M. restricta KCTC 27529, implying that upregulation of the PDR5 homolog may also contribute to ketoconazole resistance in the strain. Overall, our results suggest that multiplication of the genomic loci encoding genes involved in ergosterol synthesis, mitochondrial iron metabolism, and oxidative stress response and overexpression of the drug efflux pumps are the mechanisms underlying ketoconazole resistance in M. restricta.

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Malassezia restricta strain:KCTC 27527

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Acetic acid produced by Staphylococcus epidermidis remodels chromatin architecture and suppresses gene expression in Malassezia restricta [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:Malassezia restricta and Staphylococcus epidermidis are dominant members of the human skin microbiome that interact closely, yet the molecular basis of their interaction remains unclear. In this study, we investigated how S. epidermidis-derived acetic acid (AcOH) influences chromatin organization in M. restricta. We generated the first high-resolution three-dimensional genome architecture map of M. restricta using in situ Hi-C and identified putative centromeric regions based on inter-chromosomal contact patterns. Exposure to AcOH, either by co-culture or direct treatment, led to large-scale chromatin decompaction and enhanced centromere clustering. These findings indicate that AcOH acts as an epigenetic modulator, inducing significant reorganization of nuclear architecture in M. restricta. This dataset provides a resource for understanding interkingdom interactions and the epigenetic effects of bacterial metabolites on fungal chromatin structure.

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Acetic acid produced by Staphylococcus epidermidis remodels chromatin architecture and suppresses gene expression in Malassezia restricta [Hi-C]

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Acetic acid produced by Staphylococcus epidermidis remodels chromatin architecture and suppresses gene expression in Malassezia restricta [RNA-Seq]

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Malassezia restricta strain:KCTC 27527

Project description:Malassezia restricta strain:KCTC 27527 Genome sequencing

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Identification and characterization of a novel double-strand RNA mycovirus from Malassezia restricta KCTC 27540

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