Glucocorticoids and estrogen antagonism in cardiomyocytes
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE143461 | GEO | 2021/01/10
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Glucocorticoids and estrogen antagonism in cardiomyocytes
| PRJNA600532 | ENA
Project description:Recent studies have highlighted the role of adrenal corticosteroid signaling in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. It is known that glucocorticoids and aldosterone are able to bind glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), and these ligand-receptor interactions are redundant. Therefore, it has been impossible to delineate how these nuclear receptors couple with corticosteroid ligands and differentially regulate gene expression for operation of their distinct functions in the heart. Here, to particularly define the role of GR, we applied ligand-based approach involving GR-specific agonist cortivazol (CVZ) and GR antagonist RU486, and performed microarray analysis using rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. We indicated that glucocorticoids appear to be a major determinant of GR-mediated gene expression when compared with aldosterone. Moreover, expression profiles of these genes highlighted numerous roles of glucocorticoids in various aspects of cardiac physiology. Experiment Overall Design: We analyzed gene expression changes after exposure of cells to corticosterone (COR), aldosterone (ALD), and cortivazol (CVZ) in the absence or presence of GR antagonist RU486. Since our preliminary experiments using several cell lines showed that expression of many GR target genes was induced by glucocorticoids in 3 h and to avoid secondary effects of the products of GR-regulated genes, we in the present study set the time periods of exposure to these ligands as 3 h. DNA microarray experiments were performed twice with the same protocol except for RU486 treatment.
2009-05-11 | E-GEOD-12752 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Recent studies have highlighted the role of adrenal corticosteroid signaling in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology. It is known that glucocorticoids and aldosterone are able to bind glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), and these ligand-receptor interactions are redundant. Therefore, it has been impossible to delineate how these nuclear receptors couple with corticosteroid ligands and differentially regulate gene expression for operation of their distinct functions in the heart. Here, to particularly define the role of GR, we applied ligand-based approach involving GR-specific agonist cortivazol (CVZ) and GR antagonist RU486, and performed microarray analysis using rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. We indicated that glucocorticoids appear to be a major determinant of GR-mediated gene expression when compared with aldosterone. Moreover, expression profiles of these genes highlighted numerous roles of glucocorticoids in various aspects of cardiac physiology. Keywords: comparison of the effect of steroidal ligands
2009-05-01 | GSE12752 | GEO
Project description:In macrophages, homeostatic and immune signals induce distinct sets of transcriptional responses, defining the cellular identity and function. The activity of lineage specific and signal induced transcription factors are regulated by chromatin accessibility and other epigenetic modulators. Glucocorticoids are potent anti-inflammatory drugs. Acting through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), glucocorticoids directly repress inflammatory responses at transcriptional and epigenetic levels in macrophages. In this study, we identified bromodomain containing 9 (BRD9), a component of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, as a novel modulator for glucocorticoids responses in macrophages. Inhibition, degradation, or genetic depletion of BRD9 in bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM), significantly compromised their responses to inflammatory stimuli, such as liposaccharides (LPS), and interferons. A large portion of BRD9-regulated genes are also known to be regulated by dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid. Importantly, pharmacologic inhibition of BRD9 is able to further potentiate the anti-inflammatory responses of dexamethasone, by further repressing the GR downstream targets. Mechanistically, BRD9 co-localized with a subset of GR binding sites. Depletion of BRD9 enhanced GR occupancy at a subset of its targets. Enhanced occupancy of GR at these sites is associated with further repression of inflammation-related genes. Collectively, these findings establish BRD9 as a key modulator of macrophage inflammatory responses, revealing the therapeutic potential of BRD9 inhibitors as modulators for glucocorticoids action.
2021-08-23 | GSE175584 | GEO
Project description:In macrophages, homeostatic and immune signals induce distinct sets of transcriptional responses, defining the cellular identity and function. The activity of lineage specific and signal induced transcription factors are regulated by chromatin accessibility and other epigenetic modulators. Glucocorticoids are potent anti-inflammatory drugs. Acting through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), glucocorticoids directly repress inflammatory responses at transcriptional and epigenetic levels in macrophages. In this study, we identified bromodomain containing 9 (BRD9), a component of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, as a novel modulator for glucocorticoids responses in macrophages. Inhibition, degradation, or genetic depletion of BRD9 in bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM), significantly compromised their responses to inflammatory stimuli, such as liposaccharides (LPS), and interferons. A large portion of BRD9-regulated genes are also known to be regulated by dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid. Importantly, pharmacologic inhibition of BRD9 is able to further potentiate the anti-inflammatory responses of dexamethasone, by further repressing the GR downstream targets. Mechanistically, BRD9 co-localized with a subset of GR binding sites. Depletion of BRD9 enhanced GR occupancy at a subset of its targets. Enhanced occupancy of GR at these sites is associated with further repression of inflammation-related genes. Collectively, these findings establish BRD9 as a key modulator of macrophage inflammatory responses, revealing the therapeutic potential of BRD9 inhibitors as modulators for glucocorticoids action.
2021-08-23 | GSE175583 | GEO
Project description:In macrophages, homeostatic and immune signals induce distinct sets of transcriptional responses, defining the cellular identity and function. The activity of lineage specific and signal induced transcription factors are regulated by chromatin accessibility and other epigenetic modulators. Glucocorticoids are potent anti-inflammatory drugs. Acting through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), glucocorticoids directly repress inflammatory responses at transcriptional and epigenetic levels in macrophages. In this study, we identified bromodomain containing 9 (BRD9), a component of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, as a novel modulator for glucocorticoids responses in macrophages. Inhibition, degradation, or genetic depletion of BRD9 in bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDM), significantly compromised their responses to inflammatory stimuli, such as liposaccharides (LPS), and interferons. A large portion of BRD9-regulated genes are also known to be regulated by dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid. Importantly, pharmacologic inhibition of BRD9 is able to further potentiate the anti-inflammatory responses of dexamethasone, by further repressing the GR downstream targets. Mechanistically, BRD9 co-localized with a subset of GR binding sites. Depletion of BRD9 enhanced GR occupancy at a subset of its targets. Enhanced occupancy of GR at these sites is associated with further repression of inflammation-related genes. Collectively, these findings establish BRD9 as a key modulator of macrophage inflammatory responses, revealing the therapeutic potential of BRD9 inhibitors as modulators for glucocorticoids action.
2021-08-23 | GSE175582 | GEO
Project description:Glucocorticoids, including dexamethasone and prednisone, are key components of therapy for B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) that work through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). However, glucocorticoids are not effective for all patients, leading to poor outcomes, and the high doses used in chemotherapy cause many toxicities. We have shown that inhibition of the leukocyte restricted PIK3δ is a promising way to specifically enhance glucocorticoids in B-ALL, with the potential to improve outcomes without increasing toxicities. Here, we show that the PI3Kδ inhibitor idelalisib potentiates both prednisolone and dexamethasone in both B-ALL cell lines and primary patient specimens, particularly at sub-saturating doses. Potentiation is partially explained by a widespread enhancement of glucocorticoid gene regulation, including effector genes that drive B-ALL cell death. Idelalisib causes a reduction in direct phosphorylation of GR at S203 and S226. Ablation of these phospho-acceptor sites enhances glucocorticoid potency. Phosphorylation of S226 inhibits GR DNA binding, indicating that PI3Kδ mediated phosphorylation directly inhibits GR function in part though reduction of DNA binding affinity. Thus, PI3Kδ inhibition improves glucocorticoid efficacy in B-ALL in part by decreasing GR phosphorylation and enhancing DNA binding and downstream gene regulation. Identification of this and other contributing mechanisms will help identify patients who can most benefit clinically from this combination therapy.
2022-10-18 | GSE215385 | GEO
Project description:Mammalian lung development during the saccular and alveolar stages is dependent upon antagonistic molecular signalling by endogenous retinoic acid (RA) and glucocorticoids (GCs) which regulate gene expression via the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) family and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), respectively. The genomic mechanism of this antagonism was investigated with in vitro distal lung explant cultures from E18.5 GR-null (GR-/-) mice treated with all-trans-RA (atRA) for 2h . Whole mouse genome microarray analysis from lung explant tissue identified a small number of gene targets which were not only significantly induced by atRA in the wildtype lung, but also significantly stimulated to levels greater than atRA-treated wildtype lungs in GR-/- lungs.
2014-01-12 | E-MEXP-3833 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:HGU133+2.0 Microarray on TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231) treated for 4, 8, or 12h with vehicle, 100nM dexamethasone, 100nM Dex/100nM Mifepristone, or 100nM Dex/100nM CORT108297 Purpose: Although high glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in early-stage estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer (BC) is associated with shortened relapse-free survival (RFS), how associated GR transcriptional activity contributes to aggressive BC behavior is not well understood. Using potent GR antagonists and primary tumor gene expression data, we sought to identify a tumor-relevant gene signature based on GR activity that would be more predictive than GR expression alone. Design: Global gene expression and GR ChIP-sequencing were performed to identify GR-regulated genes inhibited by two chemically distinct GR antagonists, mifepristone and CORT108297. Differentially expressed genes from MDA-MB-231 cells were cross-evaluated with significantly expressed genes in GR-high versus GR-low ER-negative primary BCs. The resulting subset of GR targeted genes was analyzed in two independent ER-negative BC cohorts to derive and then validate the GR activity signature (GRsig). Results: Gene expression pathway analysis of glucocorticoid-regulated genes (inhibited by GR antagonism) revealed cell survival and invasion functions. GR ChIP-seq analysis demonstrated that GR antagonists decreased GR chromatin association for a subset of genes. A GRsig comprised of n=74 GR activation-associated genes (also reversed by GR antagonists) was derived from an adjuvant chemotherapy-treated Discovery cohort and found to predicted probability of relapse in a separate Validation cohort (HR=1.9; p= 0.012). Conclusions: The GRsig discovered herein identifies high-risk ER-negative/GR-positive BCs most likely to relapse despite administration of adjuvant chemotherapy. Because GR antagonism can reverse expression of these genes, we propose that addition of a GR antagonist to chemotherapy may improve outcome of these high-risk patients.
2018-04-25 | GSE113571 | GEO
Project description:Macrophages are amongst the major targets of glucocorticoids (GC) as therapeutic anti-inflammatory agents. Here we show that GC treatment of mouse and human macrophages initiates a cascade of induced gene expression including many anti-inflammatory genes. Inducible binding of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was detected at candidate enhancers in the vicinity of induced genes in both species and this was strongly associated with canonical GR binding motifs. However, the sets of inducible genes, the candidate enhancers, and the GR motifs within them, were highly-divergent between the two species. This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series
2015-12-17 | E-GEOD-61881 | biostudies-arrayexpress