Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Identification of mechanism of monoallelic expression and allelic rheostat role of DNA methylation

ABSTRACT: In mammalian cells, large groups of genes show epigenetically controlled unequal transcription of maternal and paternal alleles. Thousands of autosomal genes subject to monoallelic expression (MAE) comprise the largest such group. The initial random allelic choice in these loci is followed by mitotically stable transmission of the allele-specific state, leading to stable epigenetic and functional differences between clonal cell lineages. Molecular mechanisms underpinning MAE maintenance are not known. We devised and performed a drug screen for reactivation of epigenetically silenced alleles in mouse cells, using a new strategy based on deep targeted allele-specific RNA sequencing, which can read out multiple loci simultaneously. We found that, contrary to previous observations, DNA methylation plays a key role in mitotic memory of MAE in multiple autosomal loci. Having established that a specific perturbation can affect multiple loci, we assessed genome-wide impact of the drug exposure in several clonal cell lines, identifying over 600 genes with allele-specific expression changing with DNA methylation. We found that multiple distinct states of allele-specific expression correspond to the extent of DNA methylation and can be stably maintained, indicating allelic rheostat role of DNA methylation. Our findings reveal a previously unappreciated interplay of genetic and epigenetic control of allele-specific expression and reinforce the role of such regulation in maintaining differences between developmentally equivalent clonal cell lineages.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE144007 | GEO | 2022/10/06

REPOSITORIES: GEO

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Mechanism of monoallelic expression and allelic rheostat role of DNA methylation (RRBS)

Project description:In mammalian cells, large groups of genes show epigenetically controlled unequal transcription of maternal and paternal alleles. Thousands of autosomal genes subject to monoallelic expression (MAE) comprise the largest such group. The initial random allelic choice in these loci is followed by mitotically stable transmission of the allele-specific state, leading to stable epigenetic and functional differences between clonal cell lineages. Molecular mechanisms underpinning MAE maintenance are not known. We devised and performed a drug screen for reactivation of epigenetically silenced alleles in mouse cells, using a new strategy based on deep targeted allele-specific RNA sequencing, which can read out multiple loci simultaneously. We found that, contrary to previous observations, DNA methylation plays a key role in mitotic memory of MAE in multiple autosomal loci. Having established that a specific perturbation can affect multiple loci, we assessed genome-wide impact of the drug exposure in several clonal cell lines, identifying over 600 genes with allele-specific expression changing with DNA methylation. We found that multiple distinct states of allele-specific expression correspond to the extent of DNA methylation and can be stably maintained, indicating allelic rheostat role of DNA methylation. Our findings reveal a previously unappreciated interplay of genetic and epigenetic control of allele-specific expression and reinforce the role of such regulation in maintaining differences between developmentally equivalent clonal cell lineages.

2023-09-20 | GSE144006 | GEO

Whole RNA-seq on clones of GM12878 lymphoblastoid clones DF1 and DF2

Project description:Analysis of Allelic bias in clonal lymphoblastoid cells. Abstract: In mammals, numerous autosomal genes are subject to mitotically stable monoallelic expression (MAE), including genes that play critical roles in a variety of human diseases. Due to challenges posed by the clonal nature of MAE, very little is known about its regulation; in particular, no molecular features have been specifically linked to MAE. Here we report an approach that distinguishes MAE genes in human cells with great accuracy: a chromatin signature consisting of chromatin marks associated with active transcription (H3K36me3) and silencing (H3K27me3) simultaneously occurring in the gene body. The MAE signature is present in ~20% of ubiquitously expressed genes and over 30% of tissue-specific genes across cell types. Notably, it is enriched among key developmental genes that have bivalent chromatin structure in pluripotent cells. Our results open a new approach to the study of MAE that is independent of polymorphisms, and suggest that MAE is linked to cell differentiation. Poly A purified total RNA was used for library construction using a method described by Parkhomchuk et. al. NAR 2009. The library was strand-specific but the pipeline for data analysis does not assume the library is strand-specific.

2013-12-31 | E-GEOD-52090 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Whole RNA-seq on clones of GM12878 lymphoblastoid clones DF1 and DF2

2013-12-31 | GSE52090 | GEO

Analysis of Allelic bias in gDNA, cDNA and ChIP with H3K27me3 and H3K36me3 antibody with multiplexed padlock probe approach

Project description:In this experiment, we asked how the allelic distribution of the active and repressive chromatin marks in clonal cell lines relates to the transcriptional allelic bias. A multiplexed padlock probe approach (Zhang et al., 2009) enabled us to assess allelic bias in heterozygous exonic SNPs in two clones with GM12878 genotype, and four clones from GM13130 cells. We used this approach to assess allelic bias in H3K27me3 and H3K36me3 ChIP samples simultaneously with cDNA from the same cells, as well as ChIP input and genomic DNA controls. In order to pool data from two individuals, one of which (GM13130) lacked complete genotypes for parents, we assessed SNP bias as reference and alternative alleles (rather than maternal or paternal bias). SNPs in cDNA were assigned to one of three bins: reference allele bias; no bias; and alternative allele bias. For these groups, allelic bias in H3K27me3 (Fig.4B) and H3K36me3 (Fig.4C) was determined. In unbiased loci, both H3K27me3 and H3K36me3 were equally represented. In contrast, preferential expression of an allele was associated with elevated levels of H3K36me3 and decreased levels of H3K27me3 on that allele. Both effects were highly significant (p<2x10e-9). Genes predicted to have MAE were about four-fold over-represented among genes where SNPs showed significant bias (Fig.4D). SNPs with skewed H3K27me3 and H3K36me3 distribution were highly enriched in the genes predicted as MAE (p<10e-6 and p=0.01, respectively; two-tailed Fisher's exact test). This suggests that the asymmetric distribution of the histone modifications is to a large extent due to the genes that have the chromatin signature of monoallelic expression. Samples analyzed were A. polyclonal cell line GM12878 , and clones derived from it: DF1 and DF2, B. Polyclonal GM13130 (H0) and clones derived from it: H7, H14 and H16. gDNA, cDNA, ChIP material and input were used.

2014-02-07 | E-GEOD-53628 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Chromatin signature identifies monoallelic gene expression across mammalian cell types (RNA-seq)

Project description:Monoallelic expression of autosomal genes (MAE) is a widespread epigenetic phenomenon which is poorly understood, due in part to current limitations of genome-wide approaches for assessing it. Recently, we reported that a specific histone modification signature is strongly associated with MAE, and demonstrated that it can serve as a proxy of MAE in human lymphoblastoid cells (Nag et al. Elife. 2013 Dec 31;2:e01256). Here, we use murine cells to establish that this chromatin signature is conserved between mouse and human, and is associated with MAE in every tested cell type. Our analyses reveal extensive conservation in the identity of MAE genes between the two species. By applying MAE chromatin signature analysis to a large number of cell and tissue types, we show that the MAE state remains consistent during terminal cell differentiation and is predominant among cell-type specific genes, suggesting a link between MAE and specification of cell identity. PolyA RNA purification and subsequent high-throughput sequencing were performed on two independent B-lymphoid clonal cell line, derived from 129S1/SvImJ x CAST/EiJ F1 mice and immortalized with Abelson murine leukemia virus, and on two independent fibroblast clonal cell lines, derived from 129S1/Sv x CAST/EiJ F1 and immortalized with SV40.

2015-06-17 | E-GEOD-67379 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Analysis of Allelic bias in gDNA, cDNA and ChIP with H3K27me3 and H3K36me3 antibody with multiplexed padlock probe approach

2014-02-07 | GSE53628 | GEO

Chromatin signature identifies monoallelic gene expression across mammalian cell types (ChIP-seq)

Project description:Monoallelic expression of autosomal genes (MAE) is a widespread epigenetic phenomenon which is poorly understood, due in part to current limitations of genome-wide approaches for assessing it. Recently, we reported that a specific histone modification signature is strongly associated with MAE, and demonstrated that it can serve as a proxy of MAE in human lymphoblastoid cells (Nag et al. Elife. 2013 Dec 31;2:e01256). Here, we use murine cells to establish that this chromatin signature is conserved between mouse and human, and is associated with MAE in every tested cell type. Our analyses reveal extensive conservation in the identity of MAE genes between the two species. By applying MAE chromatin signature analysis to a large number of cell and tissue types, we show that the MAE state remains consistent during terminal cell differentiation and is predominant among cell-type specific genes, suggesting a link between MAE and specification of cell identity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation with antibodies specific for histone modifications H3K27me3 and H3K36me3 and subsequent high-throughput sequencing were performed on fixed chromatin from a B-lymphoid clonal cell line, derived from 129S1/SvImJ x CAST/EiJ F1 mice and immortalized with Abelson murine leukemia virus.

2015-06-17 | E-GEOD-67380 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Allelic chromatin structure primes imprinted expression of Kcnk9 during neurogenesis

Project description:Differences in chromatin state inherited from the parental gametes influence the regulation of maternal and paternal alleles in offspring. This phenomenon, known as genomic imprinting, results in genes preferentially transcribed from one parental allele. While local epigenetic factors such as DNA methylation are known to be important for the establishment of imprinted gene expression, less is known about the mechanisms by which differentially methylated regions (DMRs) lead to differences in allelic expression across broad stretches of chromatin. Allele-specific higher-order chromatin structure has been observed at multiple imprinted loci, consistent with the observation of allelic binding of the chromatin-organizing factor CTCF at multiple DMRs. However, whether allelic chromatin structure impacts allelic gene expression is not known for most imprinted loci. Here we characterize the mechanisms underlying brain-specific imprinted expression of the Peg13-Kcnk9 locus, an imprinted region associated with intellectual disability. We performed region capture Hi-C on mouse brain from reciprocal hybrid crosses and found imprinted higher-order chromatin structure caused by the allelic binding of CTCF to the Peg13 DMR. Using an in vitro neuron differentiation system, we show that on the maternal allele, an enhancer-promoter contact formed early in development primes the brain-specific potassium leak channel Kcnk9 for maternal expression prior to neurogenesis. In contrast, this enhancer-promoter contact is blocked by CTCF on the paternal allele, preventing paternal Kcnk9 activation. This work provides a high-resolution map of imprinted chromatin structure and demonstrates that chromatin state established in early development can promote imprinted expression upon differentiation.

2023-08-07 | GSE202251 | GEO

Sequence and parent-of-origin dependent m6A contribute to allele-specific gene expression [GLORI]

Project description:Multiple regulatory layers influence allele-specific expression (ASE), particularly through sequence-dependent and parent-of-origin-dependent mechanisms at the transcriptional level. However, little is known about allele-specific gene regulation at the post-transcriptional level. Here, we conduct transcriptome-wide analysis of allele-specific m6A in mice. Using early postnatal cerebellum and cerebrum samples from reciprocal crosses of two divergent mouse strains, we employed quantitative m6A assays to measure allelic differences in m6A at single-base resolution. Our study reveals widespread sequence-dependent allelic imbalance in m6A methylation, identifying thousands of allele-specific m6A (ASm6A) sites with statistically significant and reproducible allelic methylation differences across diverse samples. We find evidence of potential cis-regulatory variants within 50-nt flanking regions of these ASm6A sites, with the highest enrichment at the motif positions. Intriguingly, we detect parental effects on allelic methylation across m6A sites exhibiting parent-of-origin-dependent ASE. For both sequence- and parent-of-origin-dependent allelic m6A methylation, we observe opposing allelic preferences between methylation and expression, suggesting a potential role of ASm6A in regulating ASE through negative effects on gene expression. Overall, our findings reveal that both cis-acting and parent-of-origin effects influence ASm6A, offering new insights into post-transcriptional mechanisms of ASE regulation.

2024-04-26 | GSE265978 | GEO

Sequence and parent-of-origin dependent m6A contribute to allele-specific gene expression [m6A-seq]

2024-04-26 | GSE265977 | GEO

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data