The spliceosome is an exploitable vulnerability in RB1-mutant cancer
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE145235 | GEO | 2022/03/31
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:The spliceosome is an exploitable vulnerability in RB1-mutant cancer
| PRJNA606793 | ENA
Project description:Genomic loss of RB1 is a common alteration in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and is associated with poor patient outcomes. RB1-loss is also a driver event that promotes the neuroendocrine transdifferentiation of prostate cancer (PCa). The loss of Rb protein disrupts the Rb-E2F repressor complex and thus hyperactivates E2F transcription activators. While the impact of RB1-loss on PCa progression and linage plasticity has been previously studied, the underline mechanisms remain unclear. Using an integrated cistromic and transcriptomic analysis, we have characterized Rb activities in multiple CRPC models by identifying Rb directly regulated genes and revealed that Rb has distinct binding sites and targets in TP53-mutated CRPC. Significantly, we show that RB1-loss promotes the noncanonical activator function of LSD1/KDM1A, which stabilizes chromatin binding of E2F1, and hence sensitizes CRPC tumor to the LSD1 inhibitor treatment. These results provide new molecular insights of Rb activity in PCa progression and suggest LSD1 as a potential therapeutic target in CRPC with RB1-loss.
2022-01-14 | GSE176403 | GEO
Project description:Genomic loss of RB1 is a common alteration in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and is associated with poor patient outcomes. RB1-loss is also a driver event that promotes the neuroendocrine transdifferentiation of prostate cancer (PCa). The loss of Rb protein disrupts the Rb-E2F repressor complex and thus hyperactivates E2F transcription activators. While the impact of RB1-loss on PCa progression and linage plasticity has been previously studied, the underline mechanisms remain unclear. Using an integrated cistromic and transcriptomic analysis, we have characterized Rb activities in multiple CRPC models by identifying Rb directly regulated genes and revealed that Rb has distinct binding sites and targets in TP53-mutated CRPC. Significantly, we show that RB1-loss promotes the noncanonical activator function of LSD1/KDM1A, which stabilizes chromatin binding of E2F1, and hence sensitizes CRPC tumor to the LSD1 inhibitor treatment. These results provide new molecular insights of Rb activity in PCa progression and suggest LSD1 as a potential therapeutic target in CRPC with RB1-loss.
2022-01-14 | GSE176402 | GEO
Project description:The retinoblastoma (Rb) protein is a potent tumor suppressor which is known to negatively regulate the cell cycle as well as tumor progression. Phosphorylated Rb protein (pRb) has been demonstrated to be in-charge for the key G1 checkpoint, blocking entry into S-phase and thereby the cell growth. This study was designed to capture interacting protein partners of Rb1 as the cell cycle progresses. Rb1 expressing HEK-293 cells were cultured in light, medium and heavy SILAC labels to capture the changes in Rb1 interactome as the cell cycle progressed from G0 to G1S and then to G2 phase, respectively. This data might help in understanding the cell cycle regulatory effect of Rb1 protein and complement the available information on its interacting partners.
2017-09-14 | PXD007708 | Pride
Project description:Proliferative control in cancer cells is frequently disrupted by mutations in the RB-pathway. Paradoxically, RB1 mutations can arise late in tumorigenesis in cancer cells whose RB-pathway is already compromised by another mutation. In this study, we present evidence for increased DNA damage in CDKN2A deleted cancer cells when RB1 mutations are induced. We created isogenic RB1 wild type, heterozygous, and null genotypes. Cells with even one mutant copy of RB1 have increased basal levels of DNA damage and increased mitotic errors. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species as well as impaired homologous recombination repair underlie this DNA damage. When xenografted into immune compromised mice RB1 mutant cells exhibit an elevated propensity to seed new tumors in recipient lungs. This study offers evidence that late arising RB1 mutations can facilitate genome instability and cancer progression that are beyond the pre-existing proliferative control deficit.
2019-06-18 | GSE125379 | GEO
Project description:Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a deadly childhood eye cancer that is classically initiated by inactivation of the RB1 tumor suppressor. Clinical management continues to rely on nonspecific chemotherapeutic agents that are associated with treatment resistance and toxicity. Here, we analyzed 103 whole exomes, 16 whole transcriptomes, 5 single-cell transcriptomes, and 4 whole genomes from primary Rb tumors to identify novel Rb dependencies. Several recurrent genomic aberrations implicate estrogen-related receptor gamma (ESRRG) in Rb pathogenesis. RB1 directly interacts with and inhibits ESRRG, and RB1 loss uncouples ESRRG from negative regulation. ESRRG regulates genes involved in retinogenesis and oxygen metabolism in Rb cells. ESRRG is preferentially expressed in hypoxic Rb cells in vivo. Depletion or inhibition of ESRRG causes marked Rb cell death which is exacerbated in hypoxia. These findings reveal a novel dependency of Rb cells on ESRRG, and they implicate ESRRG as a potential therapeutic vulnerability in Rb.
2022-08-24 | GSE196420 | GEO
Project description:Chemotherapy resistance is one of the reasons for the loss of the eye in retinoblastoma (RB) pa-tients. RB chemotherapy resistance has been investigated in different cell culture models like WERI RB1. Furthermore, chemotherapy resistant RB subclones like the etoposide resistant WERI ETOR cell line have been established to improve understanding of chemotherapy resistance in RB. Ob-jective of this study was to characterize the cell line models of an etoposide sensitive WERI RB1 and its etoposide resistant subclone WERI ETOR by proteomics analysis. Subsequently, quantitative proteomic data served for correlation analysis with known drug perturbation profiles. . WERI RB1 and WERI ETOR were cultured and prepared for quantitative mass spectrometry. Comparative proteomic profiling was performed with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in data-independent acquisition mode (SWATH). The raw SWATH files were processed using neural networks in library free mode along with machine learning algorithms. Pathway enrichment was performed using the REACTOME pathway resource and correlated to the Molecular Signature Database (MSigDB) hallmark gene set collections for functional annotation. Also, a drug connec-tivity analysis using the L1000 database was used to correlate the mechanism-of-action (MOA) for different anticancer reagents to WERI RB1 / WERI ETOR signatures. A total 4,756 proteins were identified across all samples which revealed a distinct clustering between groups. Of these pro-teins, 64 proteins were significantly altered (q < 0.05 & log2FC |>2|, 22% higher in WERI ETOR). Pathway analysis showed an enriched metabolic pathway for retinoid metabolism and transport pathway in WERI ETOR and for sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis in WERI RB1. In addition, this study showed similar protein signatures of topoisomerase inhibitors and WERI ETOR as well as of ATPase inhibitors, acetylcholine receptor antagonists and VEGFR inhibitors and WERI RB1. In this study, WERI RB1 and WERI ETOR were characterized as a cell line model for chemotherapy re-sistance in RB by using data-independent mass spectrometry. The global proteome revealed the activation of sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis in WERI RB1 and potential treatment options for etoposide resistant RB.
2022-05-20 | PXD030924 | Pride
Project description:Retinoblastoma (Rb) is a childhood cancer of the developing retina that begins in utero in response to bi-allelic inactivation of RB1 or MYCN amplification, accounting for up to 1% of all tumours in infancy. To gain insights into the transcriptional events of each state cell transition during Rb development, we developed two Rb models via retinal organoid differentiation of RB1 depleted human embryonic stem cell line (RB1-null hESCs) and RB1patient-specific induced pluripotent (iPSC) line harbouring RB1 biallelic mutation (c.2082delC). Both models were characterised by RB1 depletion and a significant increase in the fraction of proliferating cone precursors (RXRγ+Ki67+), which were defined as cell of origin for Rb by the single cell RNA-Seq analysis. The RB1 depleted retinal organoids displayed similar features to Rb tumours including mitochondrial cristae aberration and rosette-like structures and were able to undergo cell growth in an anchorage-independent manner, indicative of cell transformation in vitro. The patient-specific iPSC model displayed an enhanced reduction of amacrine, horizontal and retinal ganglion cells and an accelerated loss of cone photoreceptor markers during transition towards retinoma and Rb, compared to RB1-null hESC. In both models, the Rb cells of origin, intermediate retinoma and/or Rb cells expressed retinal ganglion and horizontal cell in addition to cone markers, a novel finding, which should help to better identify and eradicate these cells within the tumour mass. Application of Melphalan, Topotecan and TW-37 led to a significant reduction in the fraction of proliferating cone precursors, validating the suitability of these in vitro models for testing novel therapeutics for Rb.
2023-03-03 | GSE173447 | GEO
Project description:Abstract:The pRb tumor suppressor protein associates with chromatin and regulates gene expression. Numerous studies have identified Rb-dependent RNA signatures, but the proteomic effects of Rb-loss are largely unexplored. We have acutely ablated Rb in adult mice and conducted quantitative analysis of RNA and proteomic changes in colon and lung, where Rb-loss was sufficient or insufficient to induce ectopic proliferation respectively. As expected, RbKO caused similar increases in classic pRb/E2F-regulated transcripts in both tissues, but unexpectedly their protein products increased only in the colon, consistent with its increased proliferative index. Thus, these protein changes induced by Rb-loss are coupled with proliferation, but uncoupled from transcription. The proteomic changes in common between RbKO tissues showed a striking decrease in proteins with mitochondrial functions. Accordingly, RB1 inactivation in human cells decreased both mitochondrial mass and OXPHOS function. RBKO cells showed decreased mitochondrial respiratory capacity and the accumulation of hypopolarized mitochondria. Additionally, RB/Rb-loss altered mitochondrial pyruvate oxidation from 13C-Glucose through the TCA cycle in both cells and mouse tissues. Consequently, RBKO cells have an enhanced sensitivity to mitochondrial stress conditions. In summary, proteomic analyses provide a new perspective on Rb/RB1 mutation, highlighting the importance of pRb for mitochondrial function and suggesting vulnerabilities for treatment. Design: Two tissues (lung and colon) from adult control (Rb1 wild type) or variable (Rb1 acute knockout). We examined the consequences of pRb loss in an in vivo model. Mice were bred to introduce a tamoxifen inducible form of Cre recombinase (ROSA26Sortm1(cre/Esr1)Tyj ) into the genetic backround of either Rb wild type (Rb+/+) or Rb floxed (Rbf/f) alleles. These animals were then injected with tamoxifen, ablating Rb in Rbf/f mice and generating RbKO tissues. Lung and colon tissues were harvested 96 hrs after the tamoxifen injections and analyzed. Each cohort used 3 biological replicates. Methods: RNA extraction: Ninety six hours following the last injection of tamoxifen mice were processed were sacrificed and dissected tissues flash frozen in liquid nitrogen for RNA extraction. RNA was extracted using the TRIzol-choloroform method and then DNase treated. RNA quality was validated using a bioanalyzer. Library construction and RNA-squencing was performed at the MGH NextGeneration Sequencing facility. Three mice were used per genotype, taking matched tissues from each mouse. Methods: Alignment: Sequenced libraries were mapped to the mouse genome (mm10) using TOPHAT (Differential gene and transcript expression analysis of RNA-seq experiments with TopHat and Cufflinks, Trapnell C et al, Nature protocols 2012, 7, 562-578, doi:10.1038/nprot.2012.016). A RefSeq GTF file was used to annotate the mapped transcripts. FPKM matrixes and differentially regulated gene lists were generated using the Cufflinks-Cuffmerge-Cuffdiff pipeline (Differential gene and transcript expression analysis of RNA-seq experiments with TopHat and Cufflinks, Trapnell C et al, Nature protocols 2012, 7, 562-578, doi:10.1038/nprot.2012.016).
2015-09-11 | E-GEOD-71924 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Retinoblastoma (Rb), the most prevalent intraocular malignant tumor in children with global survival rate less than 30%, is mainly caused by the deficiency of the tumor suppressor RB1. A line of evidence have shown that local inflammation and immune escape play important roles in the occurrence of Rb, however the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We hypothesize that the unique neuroimmune cell type, retinal microglia, has a vital role in the Rb pathogenesis. In this study, we differentiated microglia cells (iMGs) from established induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from a retinoblastoma patient with the defined RB1 mutations. We investigated the function of RB1 in innate immune response of microglia and found that the expression of interleukins and chemokines, especially interleukin 6 and TNF-α, were highly upregulated in LPS-stimulated RB1 deficient iMGs, which enhanced innate immune responses and created a pro-inflammation environment. These findings demonstrated that RB1 is indispensable to maintain microglia function in innate immunity and its deficiency leads to enhanced inflammation responses, which may accelerate tumor growth and malignancy. This study provides new insights for pathological mechanism and immunotherapeutic target of retinoblastoma.
2022-12-31 | GSE212248 | GEO