The early local and systemic Type I interferon responses to ultraviolet B light exposure are cGAS dependent.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE148535 | GEO | 2020/04/13
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Skin inflammation and photosensitivity are common in lupus erythematosus (LE) patients, and Ultraviolet (UV) light is a known trigger of skin and possibly systemic inflammation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) patients. Type I interferons (IFN) are upregulated in LE skin after UV exposure, however, the mechanisms to explain UVB-induced inflammation remain unclear. Here we performed RNA-seq to HaCat cells with UVB irradiation to characterize gene expression and resolve differential responses of keratinocytes, in order to understand how the keratinocyte response contributes to the disease. Our data showed that HERVs and RIG-I pathway were activated in keratinocytes after UVB exposure and indicate that RIG-I pathway and HERVs are involved in proinflammatory by activating the I-IFN pathway, which provide a novel insight into how UVB promotes and aggravate skin lesion of LE patients.
2022-05-01 | GSE198792 | GEO
Project description:Biallelic defects of the gene encoding for the intracellular enzyme 3â repair exonuclease (Trex)1 cause Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS), a rare monogenic, lupus-like autoimmune disease, while heterozygous Trex1 loss of function alleles are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Trex1-/- mice develop lethal autoimmune multi-organ inflammation, which results from a chronic type I IFN response triggered by intracellular accumulation of a putative nucleic acid substrate of Trex1. This pathogenic nucleic acid is detected by the broadly, but not ubiquitously, expressed cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS, raising the question whether there are specific cell types that respond to Trex1 deficiency by production of IFN and induce autoimmunity. We generated mice with conditional knock out of the Trex1 gene and demonstrated that loss of Trex1 throughout the hematopoietic system and even selective loss in dendritic cells is sufficient to cause IFN release and autoimmunity. B cells showed no transcriptional response to Trex1 deficiency. Trex1-/- keratinocytes produced IFN but did not induce skin inflammation, whereas loss of Trex1 in cardiomyocytes triggered neither IFN response nor pathology. Trex1-deficient neurons and astrocytes did not release IFN in the CNS. In contrast, mice with selective inactivation of Trex1 in long-living CNS macrophages such as microglia locally produced IFN but did not reproduce the mild encephalitis seen in Trex1-/- mice. Collectively, individual cell types differentially respond to the loss of Trex1 and dendritic cells seem promising candidates for experiments addressing the molecular pathomechanism in Trex1 deficiency. We sorted CD19-positive B cells from spleens of Trex1fl/fl CD19-Cre+ and Trex1fl/fl CD19-Cre- mice and isolated total RNA for library construction to perform mRNA deep sequencing.
2016-08-01 | E-GEOD-77693 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a major melanoma risk factor, yet underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we introduce a mouse model permitting fluorescence-aided melanocyte imaging and isolation following in vivo UV irradiation. We use expression profiling to show that activated neonatal skin melanocytes isolated following a melanomagenic UVB dose bear a distinct, persistent interferon-response signature, including genes associated with immunoevasion. UVB-induced melanocyte activation, characterized by aberrant growth and migration, was abolished by antibody-mediated systemic blockade of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), but not type-I interferons. IFN-gamma was produced by macrophages recruited to neonatal skin by UVB-induced chemokine receptor Ccr2 ligands. Admixed recruited skin macrophages enhanced transplanted melanoma growth by inhibiting apoptosis; notably, IFN-gamma blockade abolished macrophage-associated melanoma growth and survival. IFN-gamma-producing macrophages were identified in 70% of human melanomas examined. Our data reveal an unanticipated role for IFN-gamma in promoting melanocytic cell survival/immunoevasion, and suggest IFN-gamma-R signaling represents a novel therapeutic melanoma target. Biologic replicates of UVA- and UVB-treated mouse melanocytes, as well as untreated mouse melanocytes and mouse keratinocytes, were used to define melanocyte expression signatures associated with UV treatment.
2011-01-01 | E-GEOD-25164 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a major melanoma risk factor, yet underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we introduce a mouse model permitting fluorescence-aided melanocyte imaging and isolation following in vivo UV irradiation. We use expression profiling to show that activated neonatal skin melanocytes isolated following a melanomagenic UVB dose bear a distinct, persistent interferon-response signature, including genes associated with immunoevasion. UVB-induced melanocyte activation, characterized by aberrant growth and migration, was abolished by antibody-mediated systemic blockade of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), but not type-I interferons. IFN-gamma was produced by macrophages recruited to neonatal skin by UVB-induced chemokine receptor Ccr2 ligands. Admixed recruited skin macrophages enhanced transplanted melanoma growth by inhibiting apoptosis; notably, IFN-gamma blockade abolished macrophage-associated melanoma growth and survival. IFN-gamma-producing macrophages were identified in 70% of human melanomas examined. Our data reveal an unanticipated role for IFN-gamma in promoting melanocytic cell survival/immunoevasion, and suggest IFN-gamma-R signaling represents a novel therapeutic melanoma target.
2011-01-01 | GSE25164 | GEO
Project description:Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have a markedly increased risk to develop cardiovascular disease, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors fail to account for this increased risk. We used microarray to probe the platelet transcriptome in individuals with SLE and healthy controls, and the gene and protein expression of a subset of differentially expressed genes was further investigated and correlated to platelet activation status. Real-time PCR was used to confirm a type I interferon (IFN) gene signature in patients with SLE, and the IFN-regulated proteins PRKRA, IFITM1 and CD69 (p<0.0001) were found to be up-regulated in platelets from SLE patients as compared to healthy volunteers. Notably, patients with a history of vascular disease had increased expression of type I IFN-regulated proteins as well as more activated platelets as compared with patients without vascular disease. We suggest that interferogenic immune complexes stimulate production of IFNα which up-regulates the megakaryocytic type I IFN-regulated genes and proteins. This could affect platelet activation and contribute to development of vascular disease in SLE. In addition, platelets with type I IFN signature could be a novel marker for vascular disease in SLE. Platelets were purified from SLE patients (n=10) and age and sex-matched healthy volunteers (n=10). cDNA was generated for each individual. For the microarray analysis, cDNA from the 10 SLE patients were pooled, as well as the cDNA from the 10 healthy volunteers to represent a mean mRNA expression level from 10 individuals.
2010-06-04 | E-GEOD-22132 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have a markedly increased risk to develop cardiovascular disease, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors fail to account for this increased risk. We used microarray to probe the platelet transcriptome in individuals with SLE and healthy controls, and the gene and protein expression of a subset of differentially expressed genes was further investigated and correlated to platelet activation status. Real-time PCR was used to confirm a type I interferon (IFN) gene signature in patients with SLE, and the IFN-regulated proteins PRKRA, IFITM1 and CD69 (p<0.0001) were found to be up-regulated in platelets from SLE patients as compared to healthy volunteers. Notably, patients with a history of vascular disease had increased expression of type I IFN-regulated proteins as well as more activated platelets as compared with patients without vascular disease. We suggest that interferogenic immune complexes stimulate production of IFNα which up-regulates the megakaryocytic type I IFN-regulated genes and proteins. This could affect platelet activation and contribute to development of vascular disease in SLE. In addition, platelets with type I IFN signature could be a novel marker for vascular disease in SLE.
2010-06-05 | GSE22132 | GEO
Project description:Biallelic defects of the gene encoding for the intracellular enzyme 3’ repair exonuclease (Trex)1 cause Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS), a rare monogenic, lupus-like autoimmune disease, while heterozygous Trex1 loss of function alleles are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Trex1-/- mice develop lethal autoimmune multi-organ inflammation, which results from a chronic type I IFN response triggered by intracellular accumulation of a putative nucleic acid substrate of Trex1. This pathogenic nucleic acid is detected by the broadly, but not ubiquitously, expressed cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS, raising the question whether there are specific cell types that respond to Trex1 deficiency by production of IFN and induce autoimmunity. We generated mice with conditional knock out of the Trex1 gene and demonstrated that loss of Trex1 throughout the hematopoietic system and even selective loss in dendritic cells is sufficient to cause IFN release and autoimmunity. B cells showed no transcriptional response to Trex1 deficiency. Trex1-/- keratinocytes produced IFN but did not induce skin inflammation, whereas loss of Trex1 in cardiomyocytes triggered neither IFN response nor pathology. Trex1-deficient neurons and astrocytes did not release IFN in the CNS. In contrast, mice with selective inactivation of Trex1 in long-living CNS macrophages such as microglia locally produced IFN but did not reproduce the mild encephalitis seen in Trex1-/- mice. Collectively, individual cell types differentially respond to the loss of Trex1 and dendritic cells seem promising candidates for experiments addressing the molecular pathomechanism in Trex1 deficiency.
2016-08-01 | GSE77693 | GEO
Project description:Objective: Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) have an ongoing interferon (IFN) production due to an activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which can be triggered to type I IFN synthesis by RNA containing immune complexes (RNA-IC). Considering emerging data suggesting a role of type III interferon (IFN) in the SLE disease process, we asked if RNA-IC can induce type III IFN production in pDC, and how this production can be regulated. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or immune cell subsets were isolated from healthy blood donors or SLE patients and stimulated with IC containing U1 snRNP and SLE-IgG (RNA-IC). Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and an interleukin receptor 1 associated kinase 4 inhibitor (IRAK4i) were added to cell cultures. Cytokine mRNA levels were determined with a microarray and protein levels with immunoassays. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of pDCs using ddSEQ technology was performed. Results: Type III IFN mRNA and protein was induced in RNA-IC stimulated pDC-NK and pDC-B cell co-cultures. A subset of activated pDCs (3%) expressed both type III and type I IFN mRNA. IFN-λ2, IFN-α2b, interleukin (IL)-3, IL-6 or granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhanced IFN-λ1/3 production 2-5-fold. HCQ and an IRAK4i blocked the RNA-IC-triggered IFN-λ1/3 production (p<0.01). IFN-α2b and GM-CSF increased the proportion of SLE patients producing IFN-λ1/3 in response to RNA-IC from 11 to 33%. Conclusions: Type III IFN production is triggered by RNA-IC in pDCs in a TLR-MyD88-dependent manner, enhanced by NK and B cells as well as several pro-inflammatory cytokines. These results support a contributing role for both type I and type III IFNs in SLE, which needs to be considered when targeting the IFN system in this disease.
2020-05-23 | GSE149415 | GEO
Project description:Objective: Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) have an ongoing interferon (IFN) production due to an activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which can be triggered to type I IFN synthesis by RNA containing immune complexes (RNA-IC). Considering emerging data suggesting a role of type III interferon (IFN) in the SLE disease process, we asked if RNA-IC can induce type III IFN production in pDC, and how this production can be regulated. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or immune cell subsets were isolated from healthy blood donors or SLE patients and stimulated with IC containing U1 snRNP and SLE-IgG (RNA-IC). Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and an interleukin receptor 1 associated kinase 4 inhibitor (IRAK4i) were added to cell cultures. Cytokine mRNA levels were determined with a microarray and protein levels with immunoassays. Single-cell RNA-sequencing of pDCs using ddSEQ technology was performed. Results: Type III IFN mRNA and protein was induced in RNA-IC stimulated pDC-NK and pDC-B cell co-cultures. A subset of activated pDCs (3%) expressed both type III and type I IFN mRNA. IFN-λ2, IFN-α2b, interleukin (IL)-3, IL-6 or granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) enhanced IFN-λ1/3 production 2-5-fold. HCQ and an IRAK4i blocked the RNA-IC-triggered IFN-λ1/3 production (p<0.01). IFN-α2b and GM-CSF increased the proportion of SLE patients producing IFN-λ1/3 in response to RNA-IC from 11 to 33%. Conclusions: Type III IFN production is triggered by RNA-IC in pDCs in a TLR-MyD88-dependent manner, enhanced by NK and B cells as well as several pro-inflammatory cytokines. These results support a contributing role for both type I and type III IFNs in SLE, which needs to be considered when targeting the IFN system in this disease.
2020-05-23 | GSE148902 | GEO
Project description:Skin inflammation and photosensitivity are common manifestations of cutaneous and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), yet the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Non-lesional SLE skin exhibits increased UVB-driven cell death that persists in culture, supporting a potential role for epigenetic modifications to sustain this phenotype. We thus examined differential DNA methylation of non-lesional SLE vs. healthy control keratinocytes (KC) and identified Hippo signaling as the top significantly differentially methylated pathway, likely driven by hypomethylation of WWC1, a scaffold protein and Hippo pathway regulator. Analysis of non-lesional SLE skin biopsies and SLE keratinocytes in culture confirmed WWC1 overexpression that led to enhanced phosphorylation of YAP resulting in a pro-apoptotic transcriptional profile reflective of decreased YAP/TEAD transcriptional coactivation. Functional studies of UV-mediated apoptosis confirmed a regulatory role for YAP/TEAD interactions, and blockade of overactive Hippo signaling via a LATS1/2 inhibitor abrogated enhanced apoptosis in SLE KCs. Thus, our work identifies a novel mechanistic paradigm in SLE KCs in which aberrant UVB-apoptosis is driven by Hippo signaling via promotion of YAP phosphorylation and restriction of YAP coactivation of TEAD transcriptional activity. Hippo modulation may be a novel target for photosensitivity in SLE and CLE.
2023-07-06 | GSE198972 | GEO