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Role of regorafenib in antitumor immunity in hepatocellular carcinoma

ABSTRACT: Low-dose regorafenib (5 mg/kg/day, corresponding to about half of human clinical dosage) inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis in vivo similarly to DC-101 (anti-VEGFR antibody) but produced higher T cell activation and M1 macrophage polarization, Regorafenib increased M1/M2 ratio of BMDMs polarization and proliferation/activation of co-cultured T cells in vitro, indicating angiogenesis-independent immunomodulatory effects. Suppression of p38 kinase phosphorylation and downstream CREB-KLF4 activity in BMDMs by regorafenib reversed M2 polarization. Regorafenib enhanced antitumor efficacy of adoptively transferred antigen-specific T cells, whereas macrophage deletion negated regorafenib’s antitumor effects. Synergistic antitumor efficacy between low-dose regorafenib and anti-PD1 was associated with multiple immune-related pathways in the tumor microenvironment.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE148947 | GEO | 2021/01/27

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Role of regorafenib in macrophage

Project description:Regorafenib increased M1/M2 ratio of BMDMs polarization and proliferation/activation of co-cultured T cells in vitro, indicating angiogenesis-independent immunomodulatory effects. Suppression of p38 kinase phosphorylation and downstream CREB-KLF4 activity in BMDMs by regorafenib reversed M2 polarization. Regorafenib enhanced antitumor efficacy of adoptively transferred antigen-specific T cells, whereas macrophage deletion negated regorafenib’s antitumor effects. Synergistic antitumor efficacy between low-dose regorafenib and anti-PD1 was associated with multiple immune-related pathways in the tumor microenvironment.

2021-01-27 | GSE148948 | GEO

FoxO1 is a regulator of MHC-II expression and anti-tumor effect of tumor associated macrophages

Project description:Bone marrow derived macrophages from C57BL/6 mice were stimulated into M1 and M2 polarization state. Analysis of BMDMs from LysMcre;FoxO1Fl/FL mice and control littermates. Results provide insight into the regulatory role of FoxO1 during macrophage polarization. BMDMs were stimulated with 100ng/ml LPS plus 20ng/ml IFN-γ into M1 polarization, and stimulated with 10ng/ml IL-4 plus 10ng/ml IL-13 into M2 polarization. Both for 24 hours. Unstimulated cells as M0 state.

2018-09-01 | GSE97260 | GEO

Identification of pharmacologic inhibitors and activators of IL-4-induced macrophage polarization

Project description:Macrophages polarize towards different subpopulations with distinct and partly antagonistic functions in various diseases. IFNγ/LPS-polarized M1-type macrophages can have antiangiogenic activity, whereas IL-4-induced M2-type macrophages can be proangiogenic and profibrotic. Therapeutic strategies to inhibit M2-type polarization while promoting M1-type polarization could serve to inhibit pathological angiogenesis and fibrosis. Here, by combining global quantitative time-course proteomics and phosphoproteomics with a small-molecule inhibitor screen we identify signaling events that promote specifically IL-4-induced and not IFNγ/LPS-induced macrophage polarization and found that the MEK inhibitor trametinib and the HDAC inhibitor panobinostat potently prevent M2-type macrophage polarization without inhibiting M1-type polarization. In contrast, selective B-Raf inhibition promotes M2-type polarization. Trametinib and panobinostat also blocked M2-type macrophage polarization and concomitantly angiogenesis and fibrosis in models of wound healing and neovascular age-related macular degeneration in vivo. Thus, these pharmacologic inhibitors could be utilized therapeutically to selectively block IL4-induced macrophage polarization and reduce pathologic angiogenesis and fibrosis.

2021-10-01 | GSE140235 | GEO

Identification of pharmacologic inhibitors and activators of IL-4-induced macrophage polarization [THP-1 RNA-seq]

2021-10-16 | GSE154346 | GEO

Identification of pharmacologic inhibitors and activators of IL-4-induced macrophage polarization [PBMC RNA-seq]

2021-10-16 | GSE154345 | GEO

Identification of pharmacologic inhibitors and activators of IL-4-induced macrophage polarization [THP-1 ChIP-seq]

2021-10-16 | GSE154343 | GEO

Identification of pharmacologic inhibitors and activators of IL-4-induced macrophage polarization [PBMC ChIP-seq]

2021-10-16 | GSE154342 | GEO

YAP/TAZ deficiency reprograms macrophage phenotype and improves infarct healing and cardiac function after myocardial infarction

Project description:Adverse cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) causes structural and functional changes in the heart leading to heart failure. The initial pro-inflammatory response followed by an anti-inflammatory or reparative response post-MI is essential for minimizing the myocardial damage, healing, and scar formation. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) are recruited to the injured myocardium and essential for cardiac repair as they can adopt both pro-inflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory/reparative (M2) phenotypes to modulate inflammatory and reparative response, respectively. YAP and TAZ are the key mediators of the Hippo signaling pathway and essential for cardiac regeneration and repair. However, their role in macrophage polarization and post-MI inflammation, remodeling, and healing are not well established. Here, we demonstrate that expression of YAP and TAZ is increased in macrophages undergoing M1 or M2 polarization. Genetic deletion of YAP/TAZ leads to impaired M1 polarization and enhanced M2 polarization. Consistently, YAP activation/overexpression enhanced M1 and impaired M2 polarization. We show that YAP/TAZ promote M1 polarization by increasing IL6 expression, and impede M2 polarization by decreasing Arg1 expression through interaction with the HDAC3-NCoR1 repressor complex. These changes in macrophages polarization due to YAP/TAZ deletion results in reduced fibrosis, and hypertrophy and increased angiogenesis, leading to improved cardiac function after MI. Also, YAP activation augmented MI-induced cardiac fibrosis and remodeling. In summary, we identify YAP/TAZ as important regulators of macrophage-mediated pro- and anti-inflammatory responses post-MI.

2020-10-02 | GSE158889 | GEO

Transcriptomic profiling of Bone Marrow Derived Macrophages (BMDM) treated with KN93 by RNA sequencing

Project description:Studies have revealed that TAMs can promote tumor immune escape, tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Targeting TAMs to reset M2 towards the anti-tumor M1 phenotype is considered as a promising strategy in cancer immunotherapy. Interestingly, we found in the current investigation that the expression level of CAMKII mRNA in M2 was much higher than that in M1 . Based on this finding, the CAMKII specific inhibitor KN93 was used to explore the effect on bone marrow-derived macrophages. Strikingly, KN93 significantly increased the expression of CD86 (M1 marker) and reduced CD206 (M2 marker) expression in a concentration-dependent manner by the flow cytometry. To further verify whether KN93 could affect the polarization of BMDMs at the transcriptome level, we cultured BMDMs with KN93 (5 μM or 10 μM) or PBS for 24 h and analyzed the global transcriptional profile in cells through RNA sequencing. Compared with control cells, KN93-treated BMDMs expressed significantly higher levels of M1-related transcriptional factors, cytokines and other molecules and lower levels of M2-associated transcriptional factors, cytokines and other molecules. Conclusively, these results demonstrate that targeting CAMKII reprogramed M2 toward the M1 phenotype in vitro.

2023-01-01 | GSE143552 | GEO

miRNA sequencing from exosomes derived from M1-or M2-polarized bone-marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs).

Project description:We reported exosome-guided phenotype switches between M1- and M2-polarized BMDMs. M1- or M2-polarized BMDMs were successfully reprogrammed to M2- or M1-phenotype via the treatment of exosomes obtained from M2- or M1-polarized BMDMs. In this uploaded information, the exosomes from M1- and M2-polarized BMDMs were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing.

2022-03-02 | GSE179172 | GEO

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