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Expression data from SUN2 downstream

ABSTRACT: SAD1/UNC84 domain protein-2(SUN2) is a member of the inner nuclear membrane LINC (linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton) complex, which maintains nuclear structure by connecting the nuclear lamina to the cytoskeleton. SUN2 is located at the inner nuclear membrane, where it extends into the perinuclear space via its C-terminal SUN domain and interacting with the nuclear lamina through its nucleoplasmic N-terminal domain. SUN2 might serve as a potential therapeutic target in cancer . Hsieh TH et al. showed that SUN2 inhibits cell proliferation and tumor malignancy both in vitro and in vivo and plays a tumor suppressor gene in central nervous system embryonal tumors. SUN2 are decreased in breast tumor tissues compared with mammary epithelial tissues. Our group has previously reported that SUN2 suppresses the Warburg effect by repressing the expression of GLUT1 and LDAH in lung cancer cells. These data suggest that the function of SUN2 is different in various cancers. However, the role of SUN2 in colon cancer remains unclear.In this study, we used the microarray to indentify the dnownstream of SUN2 in HCT116 after knocking down SUN2.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE150356 | GEO | 2023/05/15

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Perinuclear force regulates SUN2 dynamics and distribution on the nuclear envelope for proper nuclear mechanotransduction

Project description:The trans-luminal LINC (Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton) complex plays a central role in nuclear mechanotransduction by coupling the nucleus with cytoskeleton. High spatial density and active dynamics of LINC complex have hindered its precise characterization for the understanding of underlying mechanisms how the linkages sense and respond to mechanical stimuli. In this study, we focus on SUN2, a core component of LINC complex interconnecting the nuclear lamina and actin cytoskeleton and apply single molecule super-resolution imaging to reveal how SUN2 responds to actomyosin contractility. Using stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM), we quantitated the distribution pattern and density of SUN2 on the basal nuclear membrane. We found that SUN2 undergoes bidirectional translocation between ER and nuclear membrane in response to actomyosin contractility, suggesting that dynamic constrained force on SUN2 is required for its proper distribution. Furthermore, single molecule imaging unveils interesting dynamics of SUN2 molecules that are regulated by both actomyosin contractility and laminA/C network, whereas SUN2 oligomeric states are not affected by actomyosin contractility. Lastly, the mechanical response of SUN2 to actomyosin contractility was found to regulate expression of mechano-sensitive genes located in lamina-associated domains (LADs) and perinuclear heterochromatin. Taken together, our results reveal how SUN2 responds to mechanical cues at the single-molecule level, providing new insights into the mechanism of nuclear mechanotransduction.

2022-10-12 | GSE214854 | GEO

Nuclear Envelope Retention of LINC Complexes Is Promoted by SUN-1 Oligomerization in the Caenorhabditis elegans Germ Line

Project description:SUN (Sad1 and UNC-84) and KASH (Klarsicht, ANC-1 and Syne homology) proteins are constituents of the inner and outer nuclear membranes. They interact in the perinuclear space via carboxy-terminal SUN-KASH domains to form the Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex thereby bridging the nuclear envelope. LINC complexes sustain numerous biological processes by connecting chromatin with the cytoplasmic force generating machinery. Here we show that the coiled-coil domains of SUN-1 are required for oligomerization and retention of the protein in the nuclear envelope, especially at later stages of female gametogenesis. Consistently, deletion of the coiled coil domain makes SUN-1 sensitive to unilateral force generation across the nuclear membrane. However, absence of this domain does not lead to different expression levels of sun-1 and other known meiotic genes in the mutant compared to wild type. Premature loss of SUN-1 from the nuclear envelope leads to embryonic death due to loss of centrosome-nuclear envelope attachment. However, in contrast to previous notions we can show that the coiled-coil domain is dispensable for functional LINC complex formation, exemplified by successful chromosome sorting and synapsis in meiotic prophase I in their absence.

2016-05-08 | GSE76773 | GEO

The effect of knockdown of SUN1/2 on LPS-primed macrophages

Project description:SUN1/2 are located on the inner nuclear envelope membrane, which comprise an N-terminal nucleoplasmic domain, a transmembrane segment and a C-terminal SUN domain. The nucleoplasmic domain of SUN1/2 interacts with lamina and/or chromatin binding proteins, while the SUN domain protrudes into the lumen of the nuclear envelope to interact with KASH proteins in a trimeric fashion. Defects in SUN proteins have been linked to human diseases including laminopathies, ataxia, progeria, lissencephaly, and cancer. To explore the role of SUN1/2 during macrophage activation, we explore microarray analysis of THP-1-derived macrophages after stable transfection of siVGLL4 for 48 h.

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Inhibition of HIV infection by structural proteins of the inner nuclear membrane is associated with reduced chromatin dynamics

Project description:The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enters the nucleus to establish infection, but the role of nuclear envelope proteins in this process is incompletely understood. Inner nuclear transmembrane proteins SUN1 and SUN2 connect nuclear lamins to the cytoskeleton and participate in the DNA damage response (DDR). Increased levels of SUN1 or SUN2 potently restrict HIV infection through an unresolved mechanism. Here, we find that the antiviral activities of SUN1 and SUN2 are distinct. HIV-1 and HIV-2 are preferentially inhibited by SUN1 and SUN2, respectively. We identify DNA damage inducers that stimulate HIV-1 infection and show that SUN1, but not SUN2, neutralizes this effect. Finally, we show that chromatin movements and nuclear rotations are associated with the effects of SUN proteins and Lamin A/C on infection. These results reveal an emerging role of chromatin dynamics and the DDR in the control of HIV infection by structural components of the nuclear envelope.

2022-03-16 | GSE162019 | GEO

Nuclear Lamins are Not Required for Genome Organization in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells [RNA-Seq]

Project description:In mammals, the nuclear lamina interacts with hundreds of large genomic regions, termed lamina-associated domains (LADs) that are generally in a transcriptionally repressed state. Lamins form the major structural component of the lamina and have been reported to bind DNA and chromatin. Here we systematically evaluated whether lamins are necessary for the peripheral localization of LADs in murine embryonic stem cells. Surprisingly, removal of essentially all lamins did not have any detectable effect on the genome-wide interaction pattern of chromatin with the inner nuclear membrane. This suggests that other components of the inner nuclear membrane mediate these interactions. 2 samples, each with a biological replicate: wt mESC, B type lamin null (dKO) dKO mESC

2015-03-10 | E-GEOD-62684 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Nuclear Lamins are Not Required for Genome Organization in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells [RNA-Seq]

2015-03-10 | GSE62684 | GEO

Nuclear Lamins are Not Required for Genome Organization in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells [DamID]

2015-03-10 | GSE62683 | GEO

A molecular mechanism for compartmentalization and silencing of chromatin domains at the nuclear lamina [ChIP-seq]

Project description:A large fraction of the mammalian genome is organized into inactive chromosomal domains associated with the nuclear lamina. Using genomic repositioning assays we show that Lamina associated domains (LADs), spanning the developmentally regulated IgH and Cyp3a loci, contain transportable DNA regions that associate chromatin with the nuclear lamina and repress gene activity in fibroblasts. We characterized DNA regions within LADs that are functionally capable of positioning chromatin domains at the inner nuclear membrane (INM) lamina. We mapped and characterized the IgH and other LADs in murine fibroblasts. We show that these murine LADs have a unique chromatin structure with discrete boundaries. We demonstrate DNA regions within LADs that are capable of directing the association of chromatin domains with the INM-lamina as well as the silencing of a co-integrated reporter gene.

2012-02-24 | E-GEOD-36048 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Depletion of Sun1/2 Induces Heterochromatin Accrual in MSCs

Project description:Mesenchyal Stem Cells (MSCs) differentiation into multiple lineages, such as osteocytes and adipocytes, has been shown to be regulated by mechanical signals. The Linker of the Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex has been shown to be required for mechanical signal transduction, regulation of MSCs differentiation, and nuclear integrity. The LINC complex is made of Nesprins and Sun proteins. Nesprin proteins associate with the cytoskeleton on the outer nuclear membrane and Sun proteins are bound to the inner nuclear membrane where they bind to inner nuclear proteins and chromatin. We investigated the role of the Sun1/2 in regulating the inner nuclear functions of chromatin organization and adipogenic differentiation independently of the LINC complex function. We show that depletion of Sun1/2 increased nuclear area and perimeter, and decreased circularity. Expression of a dominant-negative KASH (dnKASH) domain targeting the SUN domain on Sun proteins inhibiting Nesprin-SUN association resulting a loss of Nesprin localization to the nuclear envelope decreased nuclear area and circularity. Adipogenesis was inhibited during Sun1/2 depletion while dnKASH expression accelerated adipgoenesis. RNA-seq data showed decreased adipogensis and increased immune response during Sun1/2 depletion. dnKASH responded oppositely with increased adipogenic gene expression and decreased immune response. We also observed increased H3K9me3 levels, increased H3K9me3 foci count, and enrichment on Adipoq during Sun1/2 depletion. No increase of H3K9me3 levels, foci count, or increased H3K9me3 enrichment on Adipoq was found during dnKASH expression. We conclude that physically decoupling of the LINC complex via dnKASH accelerates adipogenesis and that Sun1/2 regulates chromatin organization and adipogenesis independently of the LINC complex function.

2022-07-13 | GSE193505 | GEO

Effect of truncation mutants of the trypanosomatid nuclear lamina protein NUP-1 on the whole cell proteome in T. brucei

Project description:The nuclear lamina has multiple functions, including maintaining nuclear structural integrity and differential gene expression. Correct spatial and temporal lamina assembly is essential to meet these and other roles. Recently, it emerged that multiple lamina systems exist that are likely products of independent origins, while all these systems share remarkably analogous functions. Several lamina proteins are known in trypanosomes, two of which, NUP-1 and NUP-2, are essential, coiled-coil proteins with a molecular mass 450 and 250 kDa, respectively. Sequence analysis indicates distinct quaternary structures when compared to the ~60 kDa lamin proteins of multiple lineages, including metazoa. To uncover organisational principles of the trypanosome lamina we generated NUP-1 deletion mutants (N=N-terminal domain; C= C-terminal domain; NC: fusion of the N- and C-terminal domain with entire repeat region deletedd))designed to identify domains of NUP-1 responsible for oligomerisation. We find that both N- and C-termini act as interaction domains and disruption of these interactions impacts additional components of the lamina, the nuclear envelope and nucleoporin TbNup98. By contrast there is remarkably little impact on transcription, crucially including silencing of telomeric variant surface glycoprotein genes. These data indicate that both terminal domains of NUP-1 have roles in assembling the trypanosome lamina and suggest an architecture distinct to the lamin system is based on a ‘hub and spoke’ configuration.

2021-06-03 | PXD019978 | Pride

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